Ƙimar kayan don rufin ƙarfe sau da yawa yana jin kamar kewaya filin nakiyoyi na lambobi masu cin karo da juna. Ita ce mafi yawan mahimmin batu na gazawa a cikin odar kayan aiki. Sayi ƴan kayan ɗamara kaɗan, kuma kuna haɗarin kashe fafutuka masu tayar da iska yayin babbar guguwar farko. Sayi da yawa, kuma ba kawai kuna ɓata kuɗi ba amma har ma kuna haifar da yuwuwar ɗigowar wuraren da ba dole ba ta hanyar juya rufin ku zuwa kundi.
Akwai gagarumin cire haɗin gwiwa a masana'antar dangane da yadda ake sarrafa waɗannan lissafin. ƙwararrun ƴan kwangila yawanci suna ƙididdigewa ta hanyar 'Square' (yankin ƙafa 100), yayin da masu gida da DIYers sukan ƙididdige ta hanyar 'Rufin Rufin.' Wannan bambanci na ƙamus yakan haifar da matsanancin oda ko ƙarancin haɗari. Cike wannan rata yana da mahimmanci don amintacce, shigarwa mara ruwa.
A cikin wannan jagorar, mun samar da ainihin dabara don fanatin fanatin fana, kamar tsarin Corrugated da R-Panel. Za mu kuma yi lissafin harajin kayan haɗi ——screws ɗin da ake buƙata don gyarawa, walƙiya, da zoba—wanda galibi ana mantawa har sai an gama rabin aikin. Za ku koyi daidai yadda ake lissafin buƙatun don tabbatar da naku Shigar da Rufin Rufin yana da aminci, inganci, kuma mai dacewa da kasafin kuɗi.
Key Takeaways
Dokokin 'Square': Don yin kasafin kuɗi mai sauri, ɗauka screws 80 a cikin murabba'in 100. na wurin rufin.
Dokokin 'Sheet': Madaidaicin takardar rufin ƙarfe mai ƙafa 12 yawanci yana buƙatar sukurori 35-40 (ciki har da laps).
Kar a Manta Gyara: Ƙara 15-20% ƙarin zuwa jimillar ƙidayar ku don lissafin rijiyoyin rijiyoyi, eaves, da cinyoyin gefe.
Matsalolin Wuraren Wuta: Dole ne maɗaukaki mai yawa ya karu a cikin eaves da ridges (yanayi masu tsayi) idan aka kwatanta da filin rufin.
Ƙayyadaddun Raka'a: 'Sheet Roofing' vs. 'Roofing Square'
Kafin ka buga lambobi a cikin kalkuleta, dole ne ka fahimci yaren kimanta rufin rufin. Haɗa raka'o'in ku ita ce hanya mafi sauri don ɓata kasafin aikin. Raka'o'in farko na ma'auni - 'Square' da 'Sheet' - suna da dalilai daban-daban.
Dandalin Rufi
'Tsarin Roofing' shine ma'aunin gwal don ma'aunin masana'antu. murabba'i ɗaya yayi daidai da ƙafar murabba'in ƙafa 100 na yankin rufin. Lokacin da masana'anta ko masu samar da kayayyaki suka ba da ƙididdiga na gabaɗaya, kamar ' 80 screws da ake buƙata ', kusan koyaushe suna komawa zuwa murabba'i, ba panel ɗaya ba. Wannan ma'auni yana bawa 'yan kwangila damar yin tayin kan manyan ayyuka cikin sauri ba tare da buƙatar sanin takamaiman tsayin kowane kwamiti ba.
Rufin Rufin
'Sheet ɗin Rufaffiyar' yana nufin ɓangaren jiki da aka kawo zuwa rukunin aikinku. Waɗannan sun bambanta da girmansu, yawanci jere daga ƙafa 3 zuwa sama da ƙafa 20 a tsayi, tare da faɗin yawanci kusan ƙafa 3. Ƙididdiga ta takardar ya fi daidai don ainihin tsarin shigarwa saboda yana tilasta ku yin lissafin tazarar purlin da tsayin panel. Koyaya, wannan hanyar tana buƙatar ku san ainihin cikakkun bayanai game da tsarin kafin yin oda.
Me Yasa Yayi Mahimmancin Umarni
Fahimtar wannan bambanci yana hana kurakurai masu tsada. Idan kun yi kuskuren yin oda 80 screws a kowane Rufin Rufin na zahiri-da yake mai siyarwa yana nufin 'kowane panel' maimakon 'kowace murabba'i'-zaku ƙare da dubunnan ƙullun da suka wuce gona da iri. Akasin haka, idan kun yi odar screws 20 a kowace murabba'i saboda kun ga ƙididdige 'kowace takarda' akan layi, rufin ku ba zai rasa ƙarfin riƙewa da ake buƙata don tsira daga iska mai ƙarfi ba.
Tsarin ƙididdiga na 'Dokar Babban Yatsa'
Don sauƙaƙe tsarin tsari, muna amfani da dabaru na farko guda biyu. Ɗayan yana ba da sauri don tsara kasafin kuɗi, yayin da ɗayan yana ba da daidaito don gini.
| Siffar |
Formula A: Hanyar Hotunan Faɗakarwa |
Formula B: Hanyar Sheet na Jiki |
| Mafi kyawun Ga |
Tsarin kasafin kuɗi mai sauri da oda mai yawa. |
Ƙarshe kayan shigarwa da madaidaitan jeri. |
| Lissafi |
Jimlar Rufin Sq. Ft. × 0.80 |
(Tsawon Sheet ÷ 2 + 1) × 4 + Screws |
| Daidaito |
Matsakaici (Gaba ɗaya kimanta) |
Babban (Takamaiman zuwa Tsara) |
| Abun rikitarwa |
Ƙananan |
Babban |
Formula A: Hanyar Hoto Square (Mafi Sauri)
Wannan hanya ita ce manufa don ƙididdigar farashi na farko. Yana ɗaukar daidaitattun ayyukan masana'antu, kamar tazarar purlin 24-inch da daidaitattun fanatoci masu faɗin inci 36.
Lissafin: Ɗauki Jimlar Hotunan Roof Square ɗin ku kuma ninka shi da 0.80. Wannan yana ba ku Jimlar Skru da ake buƙata.
Misali, idan kana da rufin ƙafar murabba'in 2,000, lissafin yana da sauƙi: 2,000 × 0.80 = 1,600 sukurori. Kullum muna ba da shawarar tattarawa har zuwa adadin akwatin mafi kusa (yawanci ƙidaya 250). Wannan buffer yana lissafin faɗuwar faifai, lanƙwasa skru, da ƙananan kurakuran lissafi.
Formula B: Hanyar Takardun Jiki (Mafi Madaidaici)
Lokacin da kuke shirye don ginawa, kuna buƙatar daidaito. Wannan dabarar tana duba ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun buƙatun Rufin Rufi guda ɗaya dangane da yadda yake manne da ƙirar itace.
Ƙididdigar:
1. Ƙayyade adadin layuka masu ɗaure: (Tsawon Sheet a ƙafafu ÷ 2) + 1.
2. Ƙirƙiri sukurori a kowane takarda: ninka adadin layuka da 4 (misali faɗin ƙirar ƙira).
3. Ƙara screws: Ƙara 1 dunƙule kowace ƙafar layi na gefen gefe.
Misalin Yanayi:
Yi la'akari da daidaitaccen takarda mai ƙafa 12.
Da farko, nemo layuka: (12 ÷ 2) + 1 = 7 layuka.
Na gaba, nemo screws filin: 7 layuka × 4 sukurori = 28 sukurori.
A ƙarshe, ƙara screws na cinya: ƙafa 12 na haɗuwa yana buƙatar skru 12.
Jimlar: 40 sukurori a kowace takardar ƙafa 12.
Jadawalin Fastener ta Bayanan Bayanan Bayani (Corrugated vs. R-Panel)
Ba duk sassan ƙarfe ba ne aka shigar da su daidai. Bayanan Bayanin Rufin Rufin ku yana yin bayanin inda kuka sanya dunƙule da nawa kuke buƙata a jere.
Ma'auni ⅞ ' Rufin Ƙarfe na Ƙarfe
Alamar wavy na gargajiya na ƙarfe na ƙarfe yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman ga mita. Hankali a nan shi ne tabbatar da cewa karfe ba ya janye daga itace yayin fadada zafi.
Ma'anar Ƙa'idar: Yawancin lokaci ana sanya sukurori kowane corrugation (kalaman ruwa).
Yawan yawa: Wannan yana haifar da kusan dunƙule ɗaya kowane inci 8 a fadin faɗin panel a jere.
Babban vs. Ƙananan Matsayi: Akwai ci gaba da ciniki a cikin jeri. Sanya dunƙule a cikin 'Maɗaukaki' matsayi (saman haƙarƙari) yana rage yiwuwar ɗigowa saboda ruwa yana gudu daga ramin. Koyaya, sanya shi a matsayin 'Ƙasa' (kwari) yana ba da hatimi mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi ga itace. Koyaushe bincika shawarwarin masana'anta don takamaiman samfurin ku.
Rukunin R-Panel / PBR (Trapzoidal)
R-Panels bayanan martaba ne irin na masana'antu tare da manyan haƙarƙari da filaye masu lebur a tsakani. Tsarin dunƙule su ya bambanta dangane da inda panel ɗin ke zaune a kan rufin.
Dabarun Dabaru: Gabaɗaya kuna buƙatar sukurori 5 a jere a ƙarshen rukunin (Eaves da Ridge) don yaƙar haɓakar iska. A cikin tsaka-tsaki na rufin, 3 zuwa 4 screws a kowace jere sun isa.
Mahimman Ciki: Ba kamar ginshiƙan gyare-gyare ba, dole ne a sanya masu ɗaure don R-Panels a cikin fili, kai tsaye tare da haƙarƙari. Tuki dunƙule cikin saman haƙarƙari na trapezoidal na iya murkushe bayanin martaba, lalata kayan kwalliya da lalata hatimin.
Tsaye Kabu La'akari
Idan kuna girka rufin Kabu Tsaye, ƙa'idodin sun canza gaba ɗaya. Waɗannan tsarin suna amfani da shirye-shiryen bidiyo da aka ɓoye maimakon sukurori. Ba ku lissafta sukurori a kowane takardar shigar ciki ; maimakon haka, kuna ƙididdige shirye-shiryen bidiyo akan kowane tsawon panel dangane da tazarar tazara (yawanci kowane inci 12 zuwa 24). Kar a yi amfani da dabarar da ke cikin wannan labarin don tsayayyen tsarin sutura.
Boyayyen 20%: Lissafin Skru don Gyara da Laps na Gefe
Yawancin masu yin DIY sun sami nasarar ƙididdige screw ɗin da ake buƙata don manyan fafutoci amma gaba ɗaya sun manta da 'haraji na kayan haɗi.' Gyara, walƙiya, da zoba na iya ɗaukar kusan kashi 20% na jimlar yawan amfanin ku.
The 'Stitch' Screw (Metal-to-Metal)
An ƙera dunƙule dunƙule don haɗa siraran ƙarfe guda biyu tare ba tare da shiga benen itacen da ke ƙasa ba. Babban manufarsa ita ce ta amintar da haɗin kai tsaye (tsayin gefe) tsakanin zanen gado biyu. Idan ka tsallake wannan, iska na iya kama gefen Rufin Rufin ta kuma bare shi kamar fatar ayaba.
Kullum kuna buƙatar dunƙule guda ɗaya kowane inci 12 zuwa 24 sama da kabu. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa waɗannan galibi suna da girman daban-yawanci gajarta da kauri-fiye da manyan kusoshi masu riƙon itace.
Bukatun Gyara da walƙiya
Kowane gefen rufin ku yana buƙatar datsa, kuma kowane yanki na datsa yana buƙatar ɗakuna.
Ridge Caps: Waɗannan suna rufe kololuwar rufin kuma suna buƙatar ɗinki a bangarorin biyu. Kyakkyawan ƙa'idar babban yatsan hannu shine sukurori 4 a kowace ƙafar layi na tsayin tudu.
Rake/Gable Trim: Waɗannan suna rufe gefuna masu gangarawa kuma yawanci suna buƙatar dunƙule ɗaya kowane inci 24.
Walƙiya Kwarin: Wannan yanki ne mai mahimmancin hana ruwa. Ana buƙatar babban maɗauri mai girma a nan, sau da yawa kowane inci 12 tare da gefuna na waje, don hana ruwa gudu a ƙarƙashin sassan.
Mahimman Abubuwan Shigarwa Masu Taimakawa Yawan
Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga da ƙididdiga suna ba da tushe, amma yanayi na ainihi sau da yawa yana buƙatar gyare-gyare. Manyan abubuwa guda uku na iya canza ƙididdige ƙididdiga ta ƙarshe.
Yankunan Hana Iska (Dokar 'Eave & Ridge')
Matsin iska ba daidai ba ne a fadin rufin. Physics ya nuna cewa matsa lamba ya fi girma a sasanninta da gefuna (kullun da tudu). Saboda haka, ba za ku iya amfani da tsarin annashuwa 'Filin' a cikin waɗannan yankuna ba.
Daidaitaccen ɗabi'a yana ba da shawarar ninka yawan maɗauri a saman bene na ƙasa da saman tudu. Idan kuna murƙushe kowane haƙarƙari a tsakiyar rufin, dole ne ku dunƙule kowane haƙarƙari ɗaya a eave. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa iska ba za ta iya samun yatsa a ƙarƙashin karfe ba.
Tazarar Purlin
Ƙirƙirar ma'auni na ku yana ƙididdige mitar ku. Yawancin ƙididdiga suna ɗaukar daidaitaccen tazarar inci 24 tsakanin purlins. Idan tsarin ku yana amfani da tazarar inci 12, ƙidayar dunƙule ku don manyan fafuna zai ninka. Koyaushe tabbatar da ko kuna girka akan buɗaɗɗen ƙira (purlins) ko ƙaƙƙarfan bene (plywood) kafin kammala odar ku.
Zaɓin Tsawon Fastener
Yayin da tsayi baya canza ƙidayar , yana canza tsari . Ka'ida ta gaba ɗaya ita ce dunƙule dole ne ta shiga cikin katakon itace da aƙalla inch 1.
Don haɗa Rufin Rufin zuwa kayan aikin itace, dunƙule 1.5-inch daidai yake.
Don screws (sheet-to-sheet), dunƙule ⅞-inch daidai yake.
Haɗa waɗannan sama da hakan yana haifar da ƙulle-ƙulle a cikin rufin kasan rufin ku ko kasa kama itacen amintacce.
Risk Assessment: Under-Screwing vs. Over-Screwing
Shin yana da kyau a yi amfani da sukurori da yawa ko kaɗan? Amsar ba haka ba ce. Rufin ƙarfe yana buƙatar hanyar 'Goldilocks' inda adadin ya yi daidai.
Farashin 'Kadan kaɗan'
Yin amfani da ƙananan sukurori fiye da shawarar da aka ba da shawarar shine caca kai tsaye akan yanayin. Haɗarin nan da nan shine busa, inda gusts na iskar fafutuka ke kwance. Haɗari mafi dabara shine 'slotting.' Idan takardar ba'a angare ta akai-akai ba, faɗaɗa zafi da ƙanƙancewa na iya sa ƙarfe ya ja da ƴan sukulan da ke nan. Wannan motsi yana haɓaka ramukan dunƙule cikin lokaci, a ƙarshe yana haifar da ɗigogi waɗanda ke da wahalar ganowa.
Farashin 'Yawa yawa'
Hankali yana nuna cewa ƙarin sukurori daidai yake da ƙarfi, amma a cikin rufi, kowane dunƙule rami ne. Sukullun da ba dole ba suna ƙara yuwuwar ƙididdiga ta gazawar mai wanki ko ƙarancin shigarwa. Bugu da ƙari, wuce gona da iri na iya haifar da 'dimpling.' Wannan yana karkatar da ɓangaren ƙarfe, yana haifar da ƙananan damuwa a kusa da kan dunƙule inda ruwa zai iya taruwa. Ruwan da ke tsaye yana haifar da tsatsa, kuma tsatsa yana haifar da rushewar rufin.
Hukuncin yanke hukunci
Yi riko da tebur ɗin masu ƙira don takamaiman samfurin ku. 'Ƙarin ya fi kyau' kuskure ne mai haɗari a cikin rufin ƙarfe. 'Madaidaici ya fi kyau' ita ce kawai ka'idar da ke ba da tabbacin tsawon rai.
Kammalawa
Ƙididdiga masu ɗaure ba dole ba ne ya zama wasan zato. Ta hanyar fahimtar bambanci tsakanin murabba'i da Rufin Rufin, za ku iya guje wa ramukan gama gari na yin oda ko gajere. Tuna lissafin aminci: Ɗauki Jumlar Hotunan Square ɗinku, ninka ta 0.8, kuma ƙara 15% don rufe datsa da cinyoyin ku.
Tukwici ɗaya na ƙarshe don odar ku: Koyaushe siyan sukurori masu inganci tare da wankin EPDM. Ƙoƙarin ajiye $20 akan arha mai arha na iya kawo cikas ga saka hannun jarin dala 5,000 a cikin sassan ƙarfe. Masu wanki masu inganci suna jure wa haskoki UV da canjin zafin jiki, suna kiyaye gidanku bushe shekaru da yawa.
Kafin tuƙi wannan dunƙule na farko, tuntuɓi takamaiman tebur mai ɗaukar nauyi don bayanin martabar ku. Tsarin da aka tabbatar shine mafi kyawun kayan aiki a bel ɗin ku.
Faq
Tambaya: Sukurori nawa nake buƙata don takardar rufin ƙarfe mai ƙafa 12?
A: Kuna buƙatar yawanci tsakanin 35 zuwa 40 sukurori don daidaitaccen takarda mai ƙafa 12. Wannan lissafin yana ɗauka cewa kuna ɗaure cikin ƙullun da aka yi nisa tsakanin ƙafa biyu kuma ya haɗa da madaidaicin screws don cinyar gefe. Idan kayan kwalliyar ku sun fi kusanci tare (misali, inci 12), wannan lambar za ta ƙaru sosai.
Tambaya: Shin zan sanya sukurori a cikin haƙarƙari ko ɗakin rufin rufin?
A: Wannan ya dogara gaba ɗaya akan bayanin martaba. Don ma'auni ⅞ ' Ƙirar ƙwanƙwasa, sau da yawa ana sanya screws a cikin babban haƙarƙari don hana leaks, ko da yake wasu masana'antun suna ba da izinin sanya kwari don ƙarfi. Don R-Panel da trapezoidal profiles, screws dole ne a sanya su a cikin ɗakin kwana (ƙananan) don kauce wa murƙushe haƙarƙarin kuma don tabbatar da hatimi mai kyau a kan itace.
Tambaya: Zan iya amfani da sukurori iri ɗaya don datsa da fale-falen?
A: Gabaɗaya, a'a. Kuna buƙatar ƙayyadaddun skru na itace (yawanci tsayin inci 1.5) don haɗa sassan zuwa tsarin. Koyaya, don datsa zoba da cinyoyin gefe, kuna buƙatar screws (yawanci tsayin ⅞-inch). An tsara waɗannan don riƙe ƙarfe zuwa ƙarfe kuma suna da ƙirar zaren daban. Yin amfani da dogon sukurori na itace don cinya na iya zama haɗari da rashin kyan gani.
Tambaya: Ta yaya zan lissafta sukurori don rufin da aka zubar 10x10?
A: Rufin 10x10 yayi daidai da ƙafa 100, wanda shine daidai ɗaya 'Square.' Yin amfani da ƙa'idar ƙa'idar yatsa (screws 80 per square), kuna buƙatar kusan screws 80 don filin. Koyaya, yakamata ku ƙara kusan 20% don gyarawa da kurakurai, yana kawo jimillar odar ku zuwa akwati na sukurori 100 don zama lafiya.
