Amabati yo hejuru yo gusakara amaze igihe kinini ari urufatiro mu nganda zubaka, azwiho kuramba no kurwanya ruswa. Iyi mpapuro ni ibyuma cyangwa ibyuma bisizwe hamwe na zinc, itanga inzitizi yo gukingira ibidukikije. Gusobanukirwa nubuhanga bwamabati yo gusakara ni ngombwa kububatsi, abubatsi, na banyiri amazu bagamije gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kubikoresho byo gusakara.
Porogaramu ya Urupapuro rwamazu mubwubatsi bugezweho burenze ubwugamo gusa; ikubiyemo imbaraga zingirakamaro, kwiyambaza ubwiza, hamwe nuburinganire bwimiterere. Iyi ngingo irasesengura ibihimbano, uburyo bwo gukora, ubwoko, ibyiza, hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa bwamabati yo gusakara hejuru, bitanga ubumenyi bwuzuye kubanyamwuga nabakunzi.
Ibigize hamwe nuburyo bwo gukora
Amabati yo hejuru yo gusakara yakozwe muburyo buzwi nka hot-dip galvanisation. Muri ubu buryo, impapuro z'ibyuma zirohama mu bwogero bwa zinc zashongeshejwe ku bushyuhe bwa dogere 460 ° C (860 ° F). Zinc ihuza ibyuma nicyuma, ikora urukurikirane rwa zinc-fer. Iyi shitingi ntabwo yiziritse hejuru gusa ahubwo inatanga uburinzi bwa catodiki, yemeza ko niyo ubuso bwaba bwashushanijwe, ibyuma byagaragaye biracyarinzwe kwangirika.
Ubunini bwurwego rwa zinc burashobora gutandukana, mubisanzwe bipimwa muri garama kuri metero kare (g / m²). Ibifuniko bisanzwe biva kuri Z100 kugeza Z600, aho umubare munini werekana ibice bya zinc binini kandi birwanya ruswa. Kugenzura ubuziranenge mugihe cyo gukora ningirakamaro, kuko gutwikira hamwe no gufatana neza bigena kuramba no gukora kumpapuro zo hejuru.
Ubwoko bw'impapuro zo hejuru
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwamabati yo gusakara hejuru, buri cyashizweho kugirango cyuzuze ibisabwa byubatswe nuburyo byubaka:
Amabati yamashanyarazi
Uru rupapuro rugaragaza ishusho yuzuye, ikongerera imbaraga no koroshya amazi. Gukosora byongera imbaraga zo kugonda urupapuro, bigatuma bikwiranye no gusakara no kuruhande aho kuramba ari byo byingenzi.
Amabati yo mu kibaya
Impapuro zo mu kibaya ziraringaniye kandi zirashobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye, harimo guhimba imiyoboro yo mu kirere, ibinyabiziga bitwara ibinyabiziga, n'ibice byubaka. Ubwinshi bwabo buturuka kubworoshye bashobora gutemwa no gushushanya.
Impapuro zerekana ibisenge
Impapuro zabugenewe zakozwe hamwe nuburyo bwihariye bwo guhuza ibishushanyo mbonera hamwe nibikenewe byubatswe. Bakunze kwigana ibikoresho gakondo byo gusakara nka tile cyangwa shitingi ariko bitanga inyungu zicyuma.
Ibyiza by'impapuro zo hejuru
Amabati yo hejuru yo gusakara atanga inyungu nyinshi zituma bahitamo neza mumishinga itandukanye yo kubaka:
Kurwanya ruswa
Inyungu yibanze ni ukurwanya kudasanzwe kwangirika. Ipitingi ya zinc ikora nk'igitambo cyo gutamba, ikingira ibyuma biri munsi y’ingese kandi ikongerera igihe cyo gukora ibisenge, ndetse no mu bihe bibi.
Ikiguzi-Cyiza
Ugereranije nibindi bikoresho byo gusakara nka aluminium cyangwa umuringa, ibyuma bya galvaniside birhendutse mugihe bigitanga igihe kirekire no kuramba. Iyi mikorere-igiciro ituma igera kumishinga minini niterambere ryita ku ngengo yimari.
Kuborohereza
Amabati yo gusakara hejuru yoroheje kandi arashobora gutwarwa no gushyirwaho byoroshye. Guhuza kwabo na sisitemu zitandukanye zifata byoroshya inzira yo kwishyiriraho, kugabanya amafaranga yumurimo nigihe cyumushinga.
Ubujurire bwiza
Amabati ya kijyambere ya kijyambere aje muburyo butandukanye kandi arashobora gusiga irangi cyangwa gutwikirwa na polymers kugirango agaragare neza kandi arinde umutekano. Ubu buryo bwinshi butuma abubatsi bagera kubwiza bwiza batabangamiye imikorere yibintu.
Porogaramu mubwubatsi bugezweho
Gukoresha amabati yo gusakara hejuru yimirenge myinshi bitewe nuburyo bwo guhuza n'imikorere:
Inyubako zo guturamo
Mu iyubakwa ryamazu, amabati yo gusakara akoreshwa mumazu mashya no kuvugurura. Kuramba kwabo kugabanya ibikenerwa byo kubungabunga, kandi ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwerekana ubushyuhe butuma ingo zikoresha ingufu.
Inzego z'ubucuruzi
Inyubako zubucuruzi zungukirwa nigihe kirekire no gufata neza ibisenge byubatswe. Nibyiza kububiko, ahacururizwa, hamwe ninyubako zo mu biro aho imikorere yigihe kirekire ari ngombwa.
Ibikoresho by'ubuhinzi
Amabati ya galvanise yiganje mubice byubuhinzi, bitwikiriye ububiko, silos, nububiko. Kurwanya ingese bituma bikwiranye nibidukikije byangijwe nubushuhe n’imiti.
Imishinga Yinganda
Ibikoresho byinganda akenshi bisaba ibikoresho byo gusakara bishobora kwihanganira guhura n’imyanda ihumanya. Amabati yo gusakara hejuru yujuje ibyo asabwa mugihe atanga umutekano no kubahiriza amahame yinganda.
Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki n'ibipimo
Gukurikiza ibipimo bya tekiniki byemeza ubwiza no kwizerwa kumpapuro zo hejuru hejuru:
Ibipimo bya ASTM
Muri Reta zunzubumwe za Amerika, ASTM International itanga ibisobanuro nka ASTM A653 / A653M, igaragaza ibisabwa kumpapuro zicyuma, zinc ikozweho nuburyo bushyushye.
Amahame mpuzamahanga
Ibihwanye n’amahanga nka ISO 3575 na JIS G3302 byerekana umurongo ngenderwaho usa, ukemeza ko impapuro zashyizwe hamwe zujuje ubuziranenge bwisi. Kubahiriza aya mahame ni ngombwa kubikorwa bisaba ubufatanye bwambukiranya imipaka no gushakisha ibikoresho.
Kwishyiriraho no Kubungabunga Ibikorwa byiza
Kwishyiriraho neza no kuyitaho ni ngombwa kugirango umuntu yongere igihe cyo kumena ibisenge hejuru:
Gukoresha no Kubika
Amabati agomba kubikwa mubihe byumye kandi bigakorwa neza kugirango wirinde gushushanya cyangwa amenyo ashobora guhungabanya urwego rwa zinc. Gants zo gukingira hamwe nibikoresho birasabwa mugihe cyo gukora.
Uburyo bwo Kwishyiriraho
Gukoresha ibifunga neza hamwe nibikoresho bifunga birinda amazi kwinjira no kwangirika. Kuzuza impapuro neza no kwemeza gufunga umutekano nintambwe zingenzi mugikorwa cyo kwishyiriraho.
Ubugenzuzi busanzwe
Igenzura ryigihe rifasha kumenya ibibazo bishobora kuba ahantu hashobora kwangirika, kwizirika, cyangwa kwangirika kwa kashe. Kumenya hakiri kare byemerera gusanwa byihuse, birinda ibibazo bito kwiyongera.
Ibidukikije
Kuramba hamwe nibidukikije bigira akamaro cyane muguhitamo ibikoresho byubwubatsi:
Gusubiramo
Ibyuma bya galvanised birashobora gukoreshwa rwose nta gutakaza ibintu. Iyo ubuzima bwayo burangiye, irashobora gusubirwamo, kugabanya ibidukikije no kugira uruhare mubikorwa byubukungu.
Ingufu
Ibintu byerekana amabati yo gusakara bigira uruhare mu kugabanya ingufu mu kugabanya ubushyuhe. Iyi ngingo ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane mubihe bishyushye, kugabanya ibiciro byo gukonjesha no gukoresha ingufu.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe hamwe namakuru yinganda
Gusesengura ibyukuri-byukuri bitanga ubushishozi mumikorere yimpapuro zo hejuru:
Imikorere y'igihe kirekire mu turere two ku nkombe
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko amabati yo gusakara hejuru ya zinc (Z275 no hejuru) yerekana igihe kirekire cyane mubidukikije ku nkombe aho gutera umunyu byihuta kwangirika. Inyubako zo ku nkombe zavuze ko zangiritse cyane mu myaka mirongo ishize.
Inganda zizewe
Uruganda rwinganda rukoresha igisenge cyubatswe rwabonye ikiguzi kinini cyo kuzigama kubera kugabanuka no kugabanuka. Imiterere ikomeye yibisenge byagize uruhare mubikorwa byumutekano no kubungabunga umutekano.
Iterambere n'udushya
Inganda zo gusakara zikomeje gutera imbere, hamwe namabati yo gusakara hejuru yambere yo guhanga udushya:
Ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije
Ubushakashatsi mubindi bikoresho bigamije kuzamura ibidukikije bidahungabanya imikorere. Ibi birimo guteza imbere impuzu zigabanya ikoreshwa ryibintu byangiza kandi bitezimbere.
Kwishyira hamwe hamwe na sisitemu yingufu zisubirwamo
Amabati yo hejuru yo gusakara arimo gutegurwa kugirango akire imirasire y'izuba hamwe nandi mashanyarazi ashobora kuvugururwa. Ubu bufatanye buteza imbere ibikorwa byubaka birambye no kwigenga kwingufu.
Gereranya nibindi bikoresho byo hejuru
Gusobanukirwa uburyo amabati yo gusakara hejuru yuburyo butandukanye ni ngombwa muguhitamo ibikoresho:
Igisenge cya Aluminium
Mugihe aluminiyumu yoroshye kandi idashobora kwangirika, muri rusange ihenze kuruta ibyuma bya galvanis. Aluminiyumu kandi ibura imbaraga zingana zingana, zishobora kuba imbogamizi ahantu hashobora kuba ikirere gikabije.
Shingles
Shitingi ya asifalt irasanzwe mugisenge cyo guturamo kubera igiciro gito kandi cyoroshye kuyishyiraho. Ariko, bafite igihe gito cyo kubaho no kuramba ugereranije nicyuma cya galvanis, biganisha kubiciro byigihe kirekire.
Igisenge
Igisenge cyo hejuru gishobora gutanga ubwiza no kuramba ariko bizana uburemere nigiciro. Kwiyubaka bisaba inyubako zongerewe imbaraga kugirango zishyigikire amabati aremereye, adashobora kuba inyubako zose.
Ibitekerezo byo kugenzura no kubahiriza
Kubahiriza amategeko n'amabwiriza yo kubaka ni itegeko mugukoresha amabati yo hejuru:
Ibipimo byo Kurwanya Umuriro
Amabati yo gusakara agomba kuba yujuje ubuziranenge bwihariye bwo kurwanya umuriro, cyane cyane mu turere dukunze kwibasirwa n’umuriro. Imiterere yibikoresho bidashya irashobora gutanga inyungu kurenza ubundi buryo bwo gusakara.
Amabwiriza y’ibidukikije
Isuzuma ry’ingaruka ku bidukikije rishobora gusaba gukoresha ibikoresho bigabanya ibirenge by’ibidukikije. Amabati yo hejuru yo gusakara kandi asubirwamo neza arashobora gufasha imishinga kuzuza ibyo bisabwa bikomeye.
Ingaruka mu bukungu n'imigendekere y'isoko
Isoko ryamabati yo hejuru yo gusakara riterwa nibintu bitandukanye byubukungu:
Ibisabwa ku Isi
Ibisabwa ku mabati yo gusakara biriyongera mu bukungu bugenda buzamuka kubera imijyi no guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo. Iyi myumvire itera udushya no kongera ubushobozi bwo gukora.
Imihindagurikire y'ibiciro
Ibiciro byibyuma hamwe na zinc kuboneka birashobora kugira ingaruka kubiciro byamabati yo hejuru. Gusobanukirwa ningaruka zamasoko ningirakamaro mugutegura ingengo yimishinga no gutegura umushinga.
Guhitamo Urupapuro rwiburyo rwibisenge
Guhitamo urupapuro rwabigenewe bikubiyemo ibitekerezo byinshi:
Ibidukikije
Suzuma imiterere yikirere, nkubushuhe, ubushyuhe bukabije, hamwe n’imyuka ihumanya, kugirango uhitemo urupapuro rufite umubyimba ukwiye hamwe n umwirondoro.
Ibisabwa byubatswe
Reba ubushobozi bwinyubako yo gushyigikira ibikoresho byo hejuru. Amahitamo yoroheje arashobora gukenerwa muburyo bumwe, mugihe andi ashobora kwakira impapuro ziremereye, zikomeye.
Ibyiza Byiza
Hitamo imyirondoro kandi urangize uhuza ibyifuzo bifuza. Ibara ryihariye hamwe nigitambaro birashobora kuzamura inyubako rusange.
Umwanzuro
Amabati yo hejuru yerekana ibisenge byerekana guhuza igihe kirekire, gukoresha neza, no guhuza byinshi. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhangana nibibazo byibidukikije mugihe batanga inkunga yimiterere bituma baba umutungo utagereranywa mubwubatsi bugezweho. Mugusobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye, uburyo bwo gukora, hamwe nubuhanga bwo gukoresha, abanyamwuga barashobora gukoresha imbaraga zose zamazu yo gusakara mumishinga yabo.
Ubwihindurize bukomeje bwa tekinoroji ya Roofing Sheet isezeranya kurushaho kunoza imikorere no kuramba, bishimangira uruhare rwayo mugushushanya ibizaza.
