Intangiriro
Gukora ni ikintu cyibanze cya societe kijyambere, ugereranya umusaruro wibicuruzwa bivuye mubintu bya buri munsi byo murugo ibikoresho byateye imbere. Gusobanukirwa uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora ni ngombwa mu nganda zigamije kunoza umusaruro, kugabanya ibiciro, no gukomeza guhatanira ku isoko ryisi yose. Iyi ngingo ihitana muburyo butandukanye bwakoreshwa mu gukora, gukora ubushakashatsi bwa tekinike, iterambere rya none, n'ingaruka z'ubu buryo bujyanye n'imikorere n'uburamba. Mugusuzuma ibi bice, dushobora kubona incamake yuzuye yukuntu ahantu hahanagurika ari uguhura nibyo bivuze kubikorwa byunguri.
Uburyo gakondo bwo gukora
Uburyo gakondo bwo gukora bwashizeho urufatiro rwibihe byinganda. Ubu buryo akenshi burimo imirimo yimirimo n'imashini yibanze, ishimangira ubukorikori no kwitabwaho ku buryo burambuye. Ubuhanga nko kwihitiramo, guhinga, kandi imashini byabaye ibintu bitanga ibice byinganda zitandukanye.
Kurugero, guta bikubiyemo gusuka ibikoresho bihumura muburyo bwo kugera kumwanya wifuza. Ubu buryo bwiganje mubikorwa byo gukora ibyuma aho ibishushanyo bifatika bisabwa. Kubabarira, kurundi ruhande, ishusho yimyandikire ukoresheje imbaraga zimikorere, kongera imbaraga z'ibikoresho binyuze mu guhuza imiterere y'imbere.
Nubwo iterambere ryiterambere, ubwo buryo gakondo buracyafite akamaro, cyane cyane munganda aho ubuziranenge nubuntu bwibicuruzwa aribyingenzi. Bagira kandi uruhare runini mumirenge iha agaciro ubuhanga bwa adisanal nibikorwa bya Bespoke.
Umusaruro rusange ninteko yinteko
Impinduramatwara y'inganda yashyizeho umusaruro w'isarure, ihindura cyane uburyo bwo gukora. Imirongo yinteko ibaye ikiranga iki gihe, yemerera umusaruro wihuse kubicuruzwa ku rugero rutigeze rubaho. Ubu buryo bukubiyemo kugabana inzira yumusaruro mubintu bikurikira, aho umukozi cyangwa imashini ikora umurimo runaka.
Imwe mu ngero zigaragara ni inganda zimodoka, aho imirongo yinteko yatumye ibigo bitanga ibinyabiziga neza. Ibipimo ngenderwaho byibice hamwe na pallisation yakazi byagabanijwe ibiciro no gutanga neza cyane. Ubu buryo kuri Gukora byarane cyane mu gutuma ibicuruzwa bigerwaho kubaguzi kwisi yose.
Automation na robotics
Kubangamira imyitozo na robotike bifite gahunda yo gukora isubiramo. Gukora bikubiyemo gukoresha sisitemu yo kugenzura nikoranabuhanga mugukoresha ibikoresho hamwe nubutabare bwabantu. Iyi shift yatumye kongera gukora neza, gusobanuka, n'umutekano mubidukikije.
Sisitemu ya robo ikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye nko gusudira, gushushanya, guterana, no gutunganya ibintu. Kurugero, muri elegitoroniki Inganda , robot zikoreshwa mugushyira ibice ku bibaho byumuzunguruko hamwe nukuri, bigabanya amahirwe yo kubunze inenge.
Nk'uko byatangajwe na raporo ya federasiyo mpuzamahanga ya robotike, hari robo zigera kuri miliyoni 2.7 zimaze gukora mu nganda zikikije isi mu 2020, zerekana uruhare runini rwa robo mu gukora inganda zigezweho.
Inganda zo gukora (3D icapiro)
Inganda zinjira, zisanzwe zizwi ku izina rya 3D, zerekana impinduka zikomeye ziva muburyo bwuzuye bwo gukora. Iyi nzira itera ibintu wongeyeho urwego rwibikoresho, ukurikije icyitegererezo cya digitale. Iremerera ibishushanyo bigoye byaba bigoye cyangwa bidashoboka kugeraho nuburyo busanzwe.
Inganda nubuvuzi zungukiwe cyane no gukora ibicuruzwa. Kurugero, ituma umusaruro wibigizemo ukuri hamwe na geometries ikomeye yindege, biganisha kunoza lisansi. Mubuvuzi, propetike mbi hamwe no gutera ibikorwa byakorewe guhuza abarwayi kugiti cyabo.
Mugihe tekinoroji yikoranabuhanga, kwishoramari bikomeje gufungura ibishoboka muburyo bushya no gukora , guteza imbere guhanga udushya mu nzego.
Kugenzura mudasobwa (CNC)
Imashini ya CNC ikubiyemo gukoresha mudasobwa kugirango igenzure ibikoresho by'imashini nka Lathes, Urusyo. Iri koranabuhanga rituma ibintu byumvikana cyane kandi bisubirwamo, byingenzi munganda aho kwihanganira bikomeye.
Mu murenge wa Automotive na Aerospace, imashini ya CNC ni ingenzi mugutanga ibice byujuje ibisobanuro biragaragara. Ubushobozi bwo Gutegura Imashini Guhagarika Gukata Gutezimbere Kunoza no kugabanya amahirwe yo ikosa ryabantu.
Byongeye kandi, imashini za CNC zirashobora gukora ubudahwema, kongera umusaruro wumusaruro no gutanga umusanzu muburyo bwiza Ingendo .
Tekinike yo gukora
Gukora imitini nuburyo bukoreshwa muguhagarika imyanda muburyo bwo gukora icyarimwe icyarimwe gusa umusaruro. Imyanda irashobora kuba muburyo bwo gutanga umusaruro urenze, ibihe byo gutegereza, ubwikorezi budakenewe, gutunganya, kubarura buke, kugenda bidakenewe, nindyu.
Gushyira mu bikorwa tekinike itemewe ikubiyemo imikorere yo kunoza iterambere ndetse n'amahame akunze gutanga amahame nko mu gihe gikwiye (jit), aho ibikoresho n'ibicuruzwa byashyizweho nk'ibiciro.
Amasosiyete akoresha inganda zo gufata nabi zabonye iterambere mu buryo bwiza kandi ryiza, uhagaze neza mu isoko ry'isi yose.
Imikorere irambye
Kuramba byabaye ingenzi mubikorwa byo gukora. Inganda zirambye zirimo inzira zigabanya ingaruka mbi zishingiye ku bidukikije, kubungabunga ingufu n'umutungo kamere, kandi ufite umutekano ku bakozi, abaturage, n'abaguzi.
Tekinike nko gukoresha ingufu zishobora kuvugurura, ibikoresho byo gutunganya, no gufata uburyo bwo gutanga umusaruro wisuku ni ngombwa mubikorwa birambye. Kurugero, gushiramo imashini zikoresha ingufu no kunoza imikorere yumusaruro birashobora kugabanya cyane ikirenge cyuruganda.
Byongeye kandi, kuramba birashobora kuba umushoferi wo guhanga udushya, biganisha kubicuruzwa bishya nibikorwa byujuje ubuziranenge bwibidukikije hamwe nibicuruzwa byabaguzi.
Ikoranabuhanga ryambere
Gukora byateye imbere bikubiyemo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga bashya kugirango biteze imbere ibicuruzwa nibikorwa. Ibi birimo guhuza ikoranabuhanga ryikoranabuhanga, ikoranabuhanga rihanitse ryinshi, no gukoresha ibikoresho byateye imbere.
Kurugero, Nanotechnology arimo gukoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho hamwe numutungo wo hejuru, nko kongera imbaraga cyangwa uburemere bworoshye. Gusaba biotechnology mugukora harimo umusaruro wa plastiki zishingiye kuri bio na farumasi.
Byongeye kandi, interineti yibintu (IOT) ituma imashini na sisitemu yo gushyikirana no guhitamo ibikorwa mu bwigenge, biganisha ku bidukikije.
Uruhare rw'ubutasi n'amashanyarazi
Ubwenge bwubukorikori (AI) na mashini (ml) bigenda byingenzi mugukora. Izi ngero zemerera kubungabunga ibihano, kugenzura ubuziranenge, hamwe nuburyo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo.
AI irashobora gusesengura amakuru menshi mumirongo yumusaruro kugirango umenye imiterere na anomalies, guhanura ibikoresho mbere yuko biba. Ubu buryo bworoshye bugabanya ibiciro byo hasi no kubungabunga.
Kwiga Imashini Algorithms Biteje imbere mugihe, kuzamura inzira no gukora gukora neza kandi bihuza n'imiterere.
Ingaruka zo Kwisinaza
Ikirangizi cyagize ingaruka zikomeye ku nganda, biganisha ku miryango itegamiye kuri leta. Ibigo akenshi byo hanze gukora mubihugu aho amafaranga yumurimo na umusaruro ari hasi.
Iyi nzira yatumye abantu batoroshye kwisi yose, bisaba ingamba zifatika hamwe ningamba zo kuyobora. Irimo kandi ibibazo nkubwiza bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge hamwe nibitekerezo byimyitwarire kubyerekeye ibikorwa byakazi.
Abakora bagomba kuringaniza amafaranga yinguzanyo hamwe ninshingano ninshingano bifitanye isano nibikorwa byisi.
Sisitemu yo Gukora Byoroshye
Abaguzi basaba ibicuruzwa byihariye byatumye sisitemu yo gufata ingamba zoroshye. Sisitemu yagenewe guhuza byoroshye guhinduka muburyo nubunini bwibicuruzwa byakozwe.
Tekinike nk'ibikoresho bya modular n'ibikoresho byo gukora byongeye kwemerera ibigo gutanga ibicuruzwa bidafite ubwiyongere bukabije mu biciro cyangwa igihe cyo gukora.
Iri hinduka rigana kubwo guteganya gahunda yo gutegura no kugenzura, kimwe nabakozi bafite ubuhanga buhanitse bashoboye gucunga imikorere igoye.
Kugenzura ubuziranenge nubuziranenge mu gukora
Kugumana ubuziranenge bwo hejuru ni ngombwa mugukora kugirango ibicuruzwa byizewe no kunyurwa nabakiriya. Igenzura ryiza ririmo inzira zitunganijwe kugirango zigenzure ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa.
Uburyo nkurwego rushinzwe ibarurishamibare (SPC) rukoresha uburyo bwibarurishamibare kugirango dukurikirane no kugenzura umusaruro. Ibi bituma hationt hation hakiri kare ibipimo byiza.
Kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga, nk'impamyabumenyi, byerekana ko ikigo cyiyemeje ubuziranenge no gushikama muri gukora.
Ejo hazaza h'inganda: Inganda 4.0
Inganda 4.0 zihagarariye impinduramatwara ya kane yinganda, zirangwa no guhuza ikoranabuhanga rivuga imirongo iri hagati yumubiri, digitale, na digitale, na enterineti. Harimo kwinjiza sisitemu ya Cyber-kumubiri, interineti yibintu, hamwe nibicu byo gukora.
Iyi mpinduka ifasha inganda zubwenge aho sisitemu ivugana kandi zifatanya hagati yabo hamwe nabantu mugihe nyacyo. Igisubizo cyongerewe kwigunga, kunoza itumanaho, no gukoresha amakuru yigihe nyacyo kugirango dufate ibyemezo.
Kwemera inganda 4.0 Ikoranabuhanga ni ngombwa ko abakora bagamije kunoza imikorere, guhinduka, no kwitaba imyitwarire yisoko.
INGORANE ZITANGIRA GUKORA IKIZA
Nubwo hateye imbere, inganda zihuye nibibazo byinshi. Ibi birimo gucunga ibintu bigoye byubuhanga bushya, iterabwoba ryumutekano, nubuhanga mu kazi.
Urubuga rwa interineti rufite akamaro cyane cyane ko guhuza abantu biyongera bifungura intege nke z'ibitero bya cyber. Kurinda umutungo wubwenge hamwe namakuru yo kubyara ni ngombwa.
Byongeye kandi, hariho abakozi bakeneye kwiyongera mubuhanga bwimikorere gakondo nikoranabuhanga rishya. Gushoramari muburezi n'amahugurwa nibyingenzi kugirango ukemure ubu buhanga.
Ingaruka z'ibidukikije zo gukora
Inzira zinganda zirashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye zibidukikije, zirimo umwanda no guhungabanya umutungo. Inganda zirimo igitutu cyo kugabanya ikirenge cyibidukikije.
Amabwiriza n'abaguzi ni ugutwara abakora gukora ikoranabuhanga risukuye hamwe n'imigenzo irambye. Gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba nko kugabanya imyanda, gukora ingufu, no gukoresha ibikoresho byincuti z'ibidukikije birimo kuba imyitozo isanzwe.
Mugukemura ibibazo byibidukikije, abakora ntabwo bakurikiza amabwiriza gusa ahubwo birashobora no kugera ku kuzigama ibiciro no kuzamura isoko ryabo.
Ubuyobozi bwo gutanga isoko
Gucunga urunigi rufite akamaro ni ngombwa mu gukora, cyane cyane hamwe no ku isi. Abakora bagomba guhuza nabatanga n'abatanga isoko n'abatanga ku isi hose kugira ngo babeho ku gihe cyo gutanga ibikoresho n'ibicuruzwa.
Tekinoroji nka Blearchain zirimo gushakisha kugirango zongere gukorera mu mucyo no gukurikirana mu ngoro. Izi nsengero zirashobora gufasha gukumira impimbano no kwemeza ko amahame meza kandi meza.
Gucunga ingaruka nk'ihungabana rya politiki, ibiza, kandi icyorezo nabyo byabaye ikintu cy'ingenzi mu micungire y'ibiti.
Umwanzuro
Uburyo bwo gukora bwarahindutse cyane, kuva muburyo bwintoki gakondo kugeza inzira zikora cyane kandi ikoranabuhanga. Iyi mvugo ikomeje kwihutisha no kuza mu nganda 4.0, kuzana amahirwe mashya nibibazo.
Abakora bagomba kuyobora ahantu hagoye harimo udushya tw'ikoranabuhanga, isi yose, irambye, no guhindura abaguzi. Mu guhobera ikoranabuhanga rishya n'ibikorwa, birashobora kunoza imikorere, kugabanya ingaruka z'ibidukikije, no gukomeza guhatanira isi ihinduka vuba.
Gusobanukirwa uburyo butandukanye bwa Gukora ni ngombwa kubafatanyabikorwa mu nzego zose, mu bayobozi b'inganda kubayobozi n'abarezi. Ifasha gahunda yo gufata ibyemezo no kugena ingamba zo guteza imbere gukura no guhanga udushya muburyo bwo gukora.
