Intangiriro
Igikorwa cyo gukora impapuro zometseho ibyuma ni urufatiro mu nganda zibyuma, zitanga ibikoresho byingenzi mubisabwa byinshi kuva mubwubatsi kugeza mubikorwa byimodoka. Ku nganda, abakwirakwiza, hamwe n’abacuruzi benshi, gusobanukirwa nuburyo bunoze bwiki gikorwa ni ngombwa mu kwemeza ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa no kuzuza ibisabwa n’inganda. Iri sesengura ryimbitse ryinjira muburyo, ibikoresho, na tekinoroji bigira uruhare mukubyara ubuziranenge Amabati ya Galvanised , amurikira akamaro kayo mubijyanye ninganda zubu.
Shingiro rya Galvanisation
Galvanisiyasi ni inzira ya metallurgjiya ikubiyemo gutwikira ibyuma cyangwa icyuma hamwe na zinc kugirango wirinde kwangirika no kubora. Igice cya zinc gikora nk'inzitizi ikingira, ikingira icyuma fatizo ibintu bidukikije nk'ubushuhe na ogisijeni. Iyi nzira yongerera igihe cyibicuruzwa byibyuma kandi ikongerera igihe kirekire, bigatuma impapuro zicyuma zishimangira ibikoresho byatoranijwe mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Incamake y'amateka
Igitekerezo cya galvanisation cyatangiye mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 19 ubwo Luigi Galvani yavumburaga inzira y'amashanyarazi ubu yitwa izina rye. Ariko, mu myaka ya 1830 ni bwo hagaragaye uburyo bwa mbere bwo gukoresha galvanisation. Inzira yagiye ihinduka cyane kuva icyo gihe, ikubiyemo tekinoroji nuburyo bugezweho bwo kunoza imikorere nubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.
Ibikoresho bibisi hamwe nuburyo bwo kubanza kuvura
Umusaruro wamabati yicyuma utangirana no guhitamo ibikoresho byiza byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Ibice byibanze ni impapuro na zinc, hamwe nubuziranenge hamwe nibigize byombi bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa byanyuma.
Guhitamo Ibyuma
Guhitamo icyiciro cyicyuma ningirakamaro kugirango ugere kubisubizo byiza bya galvanisation. Ibintu nkibirimo karubone, ubwiza bwubuso, hamwe nubukanishi bigomba gutekerezwa. Icyuma gike-karubone gikunze gukoreshwa bitewe nubushobozi buhebuje bwo gukora no guhuza inzira ya zinc.
Gutegura Ubuso
Mbere yo gusya, amabati akora isuku rikomeye kugirango akureho umwanda nkamavuta, umwanda, nubunini bwurusyo. Uburyo bwambere bwo kuvura busanzwe burimo kugabanuka, gutoragura ibisubizo bya aside, no gutemba. Ibi byemeza ko ibyuma bisukuye neza, bigatera imbere gukomera hagati ya zinc na substrate yicyuma.
Uburyo bwa Galvanisation
Hariho uburyo bubiri bwibanze bwo gusya ibyuma: ibyuma bishyushye hamwe na electrogalvanizing. Buri buryo butanga inyungu zitandukanye kandi bukwiranye nibisabwa byihariye.
Bishyushye
Gushyushya ibishyushye birimo kwibiza impapuro zateguwe mu bwogero bwa zinc zashongeshejwe zishyuha zigera kuri 450 ° C (842 ° F). Icyuma gikora hamwe na zinc, kigakora urukurikirane rwa zinc-fer alloy layer hejuru hejuru ya zinc nziza. Ubu buryo bufite akamaro kanini mugutanga ruswa ikomeye kandi bukoreshwa cyane bitewe nigiciro cyabwo hamwe nigitambara kinini gitanga.
Nk’uko Ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika Galvanizers ribitangaza ngo galvanizing ishyushye irashobora kugera ku bunini bwa coater iri hagati ya micron 45 na 85, bitewe nimpamvu nkigihe cyo kwibiza hamwe nicyuma. Amabati yavuyemo yamashanyarazi arakwiriye kubidukikije bikaze aho bikenewe gukingirwa.
Amashanyarazi
Amashanyarazi, cyangwa amashanyarazi, ashyira zinc hejuru yicyuma ukoresheje umuyagankuba mugisubizo cya electrolytike. Ubu buryo butuma habaho kugenzura neza uburebure bwa coating, mubisanzwe bitanga ibice bito kuva kuri microne 5 kugeza 30. Amashanyarazi yerekana amashanyarazi yerekana neza neza kandi akoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba kurangiza neza, nkibikoresho byimodoka.
Nubwo itanga impuzu zoroshye, impapuro zikoresha amashanyarazi zitanga uburinzi buhagije bwo kwangirika kubintu byinshi byo mu nzu kandi byoroheje byo hanze. Igikorwa cyo kugenzura no guhuza ibikorwa bituma biba byiza kubicuruzwa aho ubwiza bwubwiza hamwe no kwihanganira bikomeye.
Ibiranga Ibiranga n'imikorere
Imikorere yamabati yicyuma iterwa cyane nibiranga zinc. Ibintu nko gutwikira umubyimba, gufatana, hamwe nuburinganire bigena ibintu byangirika kwangirika hamwe nubukanishi.
Ubunini
Ubunini bwa zinc butanga ubusanzwe butanga ruswa nziza mugutanga ibikoresho byinshi byo kurinda ibyuma byimbere. Nyamara, impuzu zirenze urugero zirashobora gukurura ibibazo nkuburiganya nubusembwa. Kuringaniza umubyimba wibyingenzi ningirakamaro mugutezimbere uburinzi mugihe ukomeje ubusugire bwibintu.
Inganda zinganda nka ASTM A653 na EN 10346 zerekana uburemere bwibisabwa, byemeza ko bihoraho kandi byizewe mubicuruzwa bya galvanis. Kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho nibyingenzi kubabikora kugirango babone ibyo umukiriya yitezeho no kubahiriza amabwiriza.
Kwizirika hamwe
Gufatanya neza hagati ya zinc hamwe nicyuma cya substrate nibyingenzi mubikorwa byigihe kirekire. Ibibazo nkibishishwa cyangwa guhindagurika birashobora guhungabanya urwego rukingira, kwerekana ibyuma kubintu byangirika. Gukwirakwiza impuzu imwe kumpapuro yicyuma itanga uburinzi no kugaragara.
Ubuhanga buhanitse bwo gukora no gukurikirana bikomeje bifasha kugera kurwego rwo hejuru rwo gufatana hamwe. Ikoranabuhanga nk'icyuma cyo mu kirere hamwe na electromagnetic yohanagura igenzura uburebure bwa zinc mugihe cyibikorwa bya galvanizing, kuzamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.
Uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura no kugerageza
Gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zikomeye zo kugenzura ubuziranenge ni ngombwa kugira ngo habeho amabati y'icyuma yujuje ubuziranenge bw'inganda n'ibisabwa n'abakiriya. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima busuzuma imiterere yumubiri nubumara byimyenda.
Gupima Ubunini
Tekinike idasenya nka magnetic induction hamwe na eddy yuburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bwo gupima ubunini bwa zinc. Ubu buryo butanga ibyasomwe neza bitabangamiye ibikoresho, bituma habaho ubwishingizi buhoraho mugihe cyo gukora.
Ibizamini bya Adhesion
Ibizamini bya Adhesion, nkibizamini byo kugoreka no gukuramo ibizamini, gusuzuma imbaraga zubusabane hagati ya zinc na substrate yicyuma. Ibi bizamini bigereranya imitekerereze yibikoresho bishobora guhura nabyo mugihe cyo guhimba na serivisi, byemeza ko igifuniko gikomeza kuba cyiza mubihe bitandukanye.
Isuzuma ryo Kurwanya Ruswa
Ibizamini bya spray yumunyu hamwe nibizamini bya ruswa byangirika byerekana amabati yicyuma kugirango byihute byangirika kugirango hamenyekane imikorere yigihe kirekire. Iri suzuma rifasha ababikora gukora neza uburyo bwo gutwikira hamwe nibikoresho kugirango bongere igihe kirekire.
Ibidukikije n'umutekano
Igikorwa cya galvanisation gikubiyemo gukoresha imiti nibikoresho bisaba gucunga neza kugirango hubahirizwe ibidukikije n'umutekano w'abakozi.
Gucunga imyanda
Imbaraga ziva mu koga no gukoresha ibisubizo bya flux zirimo aside hamwe nibyuma bigomba kuvurwa mbere yo kujugunywa. Gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwo gutunganya imyanda hamwe n’ibikorwa byo gutunganya ibicuruzwa bigabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije kandi byubahiriza amabwiriza nk’ibikorwa byo kubungabunga no kugarura umutungo (RCRA).
Umutekano w'abakozi
Guhura nibintu byangiza nka acide na zinc byashongeshejwe bisaba protocole yumutekano ikomeye. Ibikoresho byo kurinda umuntu ku giti cye (PPE), guhumeka neza, n'amahugurwa ni ngombwa mu kurinda abakozi ingaruka zishobora guterwa na gahunda ya galvanisation.
Gushyira mu bikorwa Amabati
Amabati y'ibyuma ni ingenzi mu nganda zitandukanye bitewe no kurwanya ruswa n'imbaraga za mashini.
Inganda zubaka
Mu bwubatsi, amabati y'icyuma akoreshwa mu gusakara, kuruhande, imiterere, n'imishinga remezo. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo guhangana nikirere kibi bituma bakora neza hanze.
Gukora ibinyabiziga
Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zikoresha impapuro zometse kumubiri wibinyabiziga nibigize. Kongera imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa biteza imbere ibinyabiziga kuramba n'umutekano, mugihe ibikoresho bishobora gutuma habaho ibishushanyo mbonera.
Umusaruro
Ibikoresho nka firigo, imashini imesa, hamwe nitanura byungukira kumpapuro zicyuma zimara igihe kirekire kandi zishimishije. Guhuza ibikoresho hamwe nubuso butandukanye burangiza no gutwikira byiyongera muburyo bwinshi mubikorwa byo gukora ibikoresho.
Imigendekere yisoko hamwe nigihe kizaza
Ibisabwa ku mpapuro z'ibyuma bikomeje kwiyongera, biterwa n’imijyi, iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo, n’iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga mu nganda.
Udushya mu ikoranabuhanga
Ubuhanga bugenda bugaragara nkumurongo uhoraho wa galvanizing (CGL) hamwe nudukingirizo twa alloy coatings byongera umusaruro nibikorwa byiza. Udushya tugamije kugabanya gukoresha ingufu, kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije, no kunoza imiterere.
Ibikorwa birambye
Imikorere irambye muri galvanisation iragenda igira akamaro, hibandwa ku kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya n’imyanda. Inganda zirimo gukora ubushakashatsi ku bidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, ibikoresho bisubirwamo, hamwe n’ingufu zikoresha ingufu kugira ngo bihuze n'intego zirambye ku isi.
Imyitozo myiza yinganda, abatanga ibicuruzwa, hamwe nabacuruzi
Ku bafatanyabikorwa mu gutanga impapuro zerekana ibyuma, gukoresha uburyo bwiza butuma inyungu zipiganwa no kunyurwa kwabakiriya.
Ubwishingizi bufite ireme
Kubona ibyemezo nka ISO 9001 no kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga byerekana ubwitange bwiza. Igenzura risanzwe hamwe nuburyo buhoraho bwo kunoza byongera ibicuruzwa kwizerwa.
Gucunga neza Urunigi
Gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bwiza bwo kubara no gukemura ibibazo bigabanya ibiciro kandi bigatanga igihe gikwiye. Ubufatanye nabatanga isoko hamwe nabakiriya byongera gukorera mu mucyo no kwitabira ibisabwa ku isoko.
Uburezi bwabakiriya ninkunga
Gutanga ubufasha bwa tekiniki nuburere ku mikoreshereze no gufata neza impapuro zicyuma zongerera agaciro abakiriya. Kugabana ubumenyi biteza imbere umubano wigihe kirekire kandi ugashyira ubucuruzi nkabayobozi binganda.
Umwanzuro
Igikorwa cyo gukora impapuro zometseho ibyuma ni urusobekerane rwibikoresho siyanse, ubwubatsi, nikoranabuhanga. Ku nganda, abakwirakwiza, hamwe n’abacuruzi benshi, gusobanukirwa byimbitse muriki gikorwa ni ngombwa mugutanga ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa bikenewe mubikorwa bigezweho. Inganda zigenda zitera imbere, gukomeza kumenya udushya nibikorwa byiza bizaba ingenzi kugirango umuntu atsinde.
Mugukurikiza iterambere muburyo bwa galvanisation, kugenzura ubuziranenge, no kuramba, abafatanyabikorwa barashobora gukomeza gutanga impapuro nziza zo mu bwoko bwa Galvanised Steel ziteza imbere inganda. Kwiyemeza kuba indashyikirwa no guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere bizahindura ejo hazaza h’inganda zikora ibyuma kandi bigira uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’isi.
