Ukugoba intsimbi yentsimbi engatyiwayo inika imiceli mngeni ekhethekileyo eyenza yahluke ekusebenzeni ngentsimbi ethambileyo okanye ialuminiyam. Amandla okuxinana okuphezulu kwemathiriyeli, iimpawu ezichaziweyo ze-springback, kunye notyekelo ekusebenzeni lukhuni kufuna ubuchule obukhethekileyo kunye nokucwangciswa ngononophelo ukufikelela kwiziphumo zobungcali.
Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siphonononga imigaqo ebalulekileyo, iindlela, kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo zokugoba ngempumelelo icwecwe lentsimbi engatyiwayo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobubanzi bobukhulu.
Ukuqonda iiPropati zeMetal zeStainless Steel
Yintoni eyenza iStainless Steel yahluke
Insimbi engenasici iqulethe ubuncinci be-chromium ye-10.5%, eyenza umaleko we-oxide okhuselayo obonelela ngokugqwesileyo ukuxhathisa ukubola. Le nkqubo yokudibanisa iphinda inyuse amandla kunye nobulukhuni bezinto xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi yekhabhoni, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukugoba.
Awona mabanga asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ukugoba amaphepha esinyithi aquka:
I-304 yentsimbi engatyiwayo : Inikezela nge-ductility elungileyo kunye ne-springback ephakathi, iyenze ilungele umsebenzi wokwenziwa jikelele.
I-316 intsimbi engatyiwayo : Iqulethe imolybdenum yokumelana nomhlwa okungaphezulu kodwa ifuna amandla okugoba aphezulu ngenxa yokonyuka kwamandla.
430 Intsimbi engatyiwayo : Ibakala le-ferritic elifikelelekayo ngakumbi kodwa lincinci kunamabakala e-austenitic
Ukutyeba kunye neGauge ukuqwalaselwa
Ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubunzima bokugoba kunye nokukhetha kobuchule:
Amaphepha amancinci (20-22 gauge, 0.8-0.9mm): Alungele ukugoba ngesandla kunye nezixhobo ezisisiseko
Ubukhulu obuphakathi (16-18 gauge, 1.2-1.6mm): Isoloko ifuna uncedo lobushushu okanye izixhobo zokuqhutywa kwamanzi.
Amashiti atyebileyo (igeyiji eyi-14 nangaphezulu, 2mm+): Afuna iziqhoboshi zokucinezela ngehydraulic kunye nesixhobo esikhethekileyo
Ukuqonda ezi mpawu zemathiriyeli kukunceda ukhethe iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokugoba zesinyithi seshiti kwiprojekthi yakho.
Imigaqo yokugoba engundoqo yeNtsimbi eNgatyiwayo
IiMfuno zeRadi yeBend
Ubuncinci berediyasi yokugoba yensimbi engenasici ngokuqhelekileyo isuka kwi-1x ukuya kwi-3x ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo, kuxhomekeke kwibakala kunye nobukhulu. Ukusebenzisa irediyasi eqinile kakhulu kunokubangela:
Ukuqhekeka komphezulu ecaleni komgca wokugoba
I-springback egqithisileyo
Ukusebenza nzima okwenza ukugoba okulandelayo kube nzima
I-K-Factor kunye ne-Bend Allowance izibalo
Ubalo oluchanekileyo lwesibonelelo sokugoba luqinisekisa ubude obufanelekileyo bemathiriyeli kunye nokuchaneka komda. Ifomula eqhelekileyo yile:
BA = (π/180) × B × (IR + K × MT)
Apho:
BA = Isibonelelo sokugoba
B = Ukugoba i-angle kwiidigri
IR = Irediyasi yangaphakathi
I-K = i-K-factor (ngokuqhelekileyo i-0.33 yensimbi engenasici)
MT = Ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo
Kwi-90-degree bend kwi-3mm engqindilili ye-304 yentsimbi engatyiwayo kunye ne-3mm ngaphakathi kweradiyasi:
BA = (π/180) × 90 × (3.0 + 0.33 × 3.0) = 6.91mm
Ukulawula iSpringback Effects
Insimbi engenasici ibonisa i-springback engaphezulu kune-carbon steel ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezinwebekayo. Imvelaphi eqhelekileyo isuka kwi-1-3 degrees, ifuna ukugqithisa ukuze ufezekise i-angle yokugqibela oyifunayo. Izixhobo zale mihla ze-CNC sheet zokugoba zibandakanya iimpawu zembuyekezo ye-springback ezenzekelayo.
Iindlela zokugoba iMetal yeStainless Steel
Ukugoba Isandla Kwizinto eziNcinciweyo
Ukugoba ngesandla kusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kumaphepha ukuya kuthi ga kwigeyiji engama-20 (0.9mm) ubukhulu. Le ndlela ifuna:
Izixhobo eziBalulekileyo:
Ukugoba iziqhoboshi okanye ijig yeplanga eyomeleleyo
I-mallet yerabha
I-padding ekhuselayo ukuthintela ukukrwela
Izixhobo zokulinganisa ukuchaneka
Amanyathelo eNkqubo:
Phawula umgca wokugoba ngokucacileyo usebenzisa isiphawuli esingasigxina
Khusela ishidi kwi-brake yokugoba kunye nomgca wokugoba ohambelana nomda
Faka kancinci kancinci, nkqu noxinzelelo kubo bonke ubude
Sebenzisa i-mallet yerabha uhlengahlengiso lokugqibela ukuba kuyimfuneko
Le ndlela isebenza kakuhle kwiiprojekthi ze-DIY kunye nomsebenzi wokwenza ukukhanya kodwa inomlinganiselo wobunzima kunye nokuchaneka.
Ukusebenzisa i-Hydraulic Press Brakes
Iziqhoboshi zokucofa zimela umgangatho woshishino wendlela yokugoba isinyithi samaphepha ngobungcali. Aba matshini bagqwesa ekuphatheni izinto ezishinyeneyo kunye nokufezekisa ukugoba okuchanekileyo, okuphindaphindwayo.
Inkqubo yokugoba umoya:
Khetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ezisekelwe kubukhulu bezinto kunye nerediyasi enqwenelekayo yokugoba
Cwangcisa umatshini wohlobo lwemathiriyeli kunye nembuyekezo ye-springback
Beka ishidi kunye nomgca wokugoba ohambelana phantsi kwepunch
Yenza i-gobe ngelixa ubeka esweni ukuchaneka kwe-engile
Izinto eziluncedo:
Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokuphindaphinda
Iphatha izixhobo ezityebileyo ngokulula
Icwangciselwe ulandelelwano olugobileyo olunzima
Imbuyekezo ye-springback ezenzekelayo
IiTeknikhi zokugoba eziNcedwa ngubushushu
Ukufaka ubushushu obulawulwayo kunciphisa amandla ezinto okwethutyana, ukwenza ukugoba kube lula kwaye kunciphise i-springback. Obu buchule bungqineka buxabisekile kumaphepha ashinyeneyo okanye ukugoba kweradiyasi eqinileyo.
IiMfuno zoKhuseleko:
Ukungena komoya okufanelekileyo ukujongana nomsi
Iiglavu ezikwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu kunye nempahla yokukhusela
Izixhobo zokubeka iliso lobushushu
Amanyathelo okhuseleko lomlilo
Izikhokelo zoBubushushu:
I-304 iStainless Steel: 750-1,100 ° F (400-600 ° C)
I-316 Steel: Uluhlu olufanayo kodwa libeke iliso ngononophelo ngakumbi ngenxa yamandla aphezulu
Ukusetyenziswa kokushisa kufuneka kube yinto efanayo kunye nomgca we-bend ukukhusela ugxininiso loxinzelelo kunye nokuqhekeka okunokwenzeka.
Ukugoba kwiMijikelo yeRadius enkulu
Oomatshini bokugoba babumba iigophe ezigudileyo kunye neemilo zecylindrical ngokugqithisa izinto ngeerola ezilungelelanisiweyo. Le ndlela isebenza ngokukodwa:
Ukugoba kweradiyasi enkulu edlula amandla okucinezela iziqhoboshi
Iigophe ezinde, eziqhubekayo
Amacandelo e-Cylindrical njengemibhobho okanye iitanki
Inyathelo lokugoba kwiiMilo eziNgxaki
Ukugoba kwamanyathelo kubandakanya ukudala ukugoba okuncinci okuninzi ngokulandelelana ukufikelela kwigophe leradiyasi enkulu okanye iiprofayili ezintsonkothileyo. Obu buchule buvumela abaqulunqi ukuba benze iimilo ezinokuthi akunakwenzeka ngokugoba okukodwa.
Izixhobo eziyimfuneko kunye neZixhobo
Izixhobo zesandla zoMsebenzi woKhanya
Iiclamps : Izinto ezikhuselekileyo ngexesha lokugoba
Iimallet : Irabha okanye iplastiki ukunqanda umonakalo ongaphezulu
Izixhobo zokulinganisa : Imithetho, iiprotractor, kunye ne-angle finders
Izixhobo zokukhusela : Iiglavu, iiglasi zokhuseleko
Izixhobo zoomatshini kwiziphumo zobuGcisa
Iziqhoboshi ezenziwe ngesandla : Iindleko ezingeyomfuneko kwiivenkile ezincinci
Iziqhoboshi zoxinzelelo lweHydraulic : umgangatho weshishini lomsebenzi ochanekileyo
I-CNC press brakes : Ukusebenza okuzenzekelayo kunye nezakhono zokucwangcisa
Oomatshini bokuqengqeleka : Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zomsebenzi ogobileyo
Umlinganiselo kunye neZixhobo zokuBeka
Umlinganiselo ochanekileyo kunye nokumakishwa kubalulekile kwiziphumo ezisemgangathweni:
Iikhalitha zedijithali zokuqinisekisa ubukhulu
Imithetho yentsimbi kunye nezikwere zoyilo
Izixhobo zokulinganisa i-engile
Izixhobo zokubhala zokumakisha imigca egobileyo
Iindlela ezigqwesileyo zokugobela uMgangatho
Ukulungiselela Izinto Eziluncedo
Ulungiselelo olululo luqinisekisa iziphumo ezicocekileyo nezichanekileyo:
Coca umphezulu ukususa ioli, ukungcola, okanye iifilimu ezikhuselayo
Phawula imigca egobileyo ngokucacileyo usebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokumakisha
Jonga ubukhulu bezinto ukuqinisekisa ukubala
Jonga iziphene ezinokuchaphazela umgangatho wokugoba
IziKhokelo zokuKhetha izixhobo
Khetha isixhobo esisekwe kwi:
Ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo kunye nohlobo
Iradiyasi enqwenelekayo yokugoba
Inqanaba lokuchaneka elifunekayo
Iimfuno zomthamo wemveliso
Kwinsimbi engenasici, sebenzisa izixhobo ezinonyango olufanelekileyo lomphezulu ukuthintela ukukrwela nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Ukuphepha Iziphene Eziqhelekileyo
Ukuthintela Ukuqhekeka:
Sebenzisa irediyasi eyaneleyo yokugoba kubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo
Qwalasela ulwalathiso lwengqolowa xa kunokwenzeka
Faka ubushushu kwizinto ezishinyeneyo okanye ezinzima
Ukunciphisa iSpringback:
Bala ii-engile ze-overbend ngokuchanekileyo
Sebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zejometri
Qwalasela ukugoba okusezantsi kwimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo
Ukhuseleko lomphezulu:
Sebenzisa iifilimu ezikhuselayo ngexesha lokuphatha
Khetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza
Phatha ngononophelo ukuthintela imikrwelo
Ukusebenza ngamaBanga ahlukeneyo eStainless Steel
304 Iimpawu zeNsimbi eNgatyiwayo
I-304 yensimbi engenasici inika eyona bhalansi yokubumba kunye namandla kuninzi lwezicelo. Isakhiwo sayo se-austenitic sibonelela nge-ductility efanelekileyo, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke kwimisebenzi yokugoba enzima.
Ukugoba iingqwalasela:
Intwasahlobo ephakathi (1-2 degrees eqhelekileyo)
Umgangatho olungileyo wokuqina womsebenzi uvumela imisebenzi emininzi yokwenza
Ugcino olugqwesileyo lomphezulu wokugqiba
316 iiPropati zeNtsimbi eNgatyiwayo
Ibanga le-316 liqulethe i-molybdenum yokwandisa ukuxhathisa umhlwa, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezihlala elwandle. Nangona kunjalo, olu kongeza lukwandisa amandla kwaye lunciphisa ukubunjwa.
Umahluko ophambili:
Amandla okugoba aphezulu afunekayo
Ukunyuka kwe-springback xa kuthelekiswa ne-304
Ukutyekela ngakumbi ekusebenzeni nzima
Amanye amaBanga kunye neeNgqwalasela eziZodwa
I-201 Insimbi engenasici : Iindleko eziphantsi kodwa zinciphisa ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nokubumba
I-430 Insimbi engenasici : Isakhiwo seFerritic esineempawu zokugoba ezahlukeneyo
Amabakala e-Duplex : Afuna ukuphathwa okukhethekileyo ngenxa ye-microstructure yamanqanaba amabini
Ukusombulula iingxaki eziqhelekileyo
Imiba yokuNgqobhoza kunye nokuCalula
Oonobangela:
Goba irediyasi iqine kakhulu kubuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo
Ukugoba ngaxeshanye ukuya kwicala lokuqengqeleka
Ukungalungiseki ngokwaneleyo
Izisombululo:
Yandisa iradiyasi yokugoba
Ukugoba kwe-Orient kwi-perpendicular ukuya kwicala lengqolowa
Qwalasela unyango lobushushu okanye annealing
Iingxaki zokuChaneka koMda
Imbuyekezo ye-Springback:
Bala ii-engile ezigqithisekileyo ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo lwezinto
Sebenzisa ukugoba okusezantsi kwimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo
Ukuphumeza iinkqubo zokulawula ingxelo
Imiba yoMgangatho woMgangatho
Ukuthintela imikrwelo:
Sebenzisa iifilimu ezikhuselayo ngexesha lokucubungula
Khetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza
Gcina indawo yokusebenza ecocekileyo
Iingqwalasela zoKhuseleko
Ukusebenza ngentsimbi yensimbi engenasici kufuna ingqalelo kukhuseleko kuyo yonke le nkqubo:
Izixhobo zoKhuseleko zobuqu:
Iiglavu ezinqandayo zokuphatha imiphetho ebukhali
Iiglasi zokukhusela ukukhusela kwiincinci zetsimbi
Ukhuseleko lokuva xa usebenzisa izixhobo zamandla
Ukhuseleko lokugoba ubushushu:
Ukungenisa umoya ngokufanelekileyo ukwenzela ukutsalwa komsi
Iiglavu ezikwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu kunye nempahla
Izixhobo zokhuseleko lomlilo zifumaneka lula
Ukusebenza koomatshini:
Uqeqesho olufanelekileyo ekusebenzeni kwezixhobo
Iinkqubo zokutshixa/zokukhupha ugcino
Iinkqubo zokumisa kaxakeka zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Ngaba intsimbi engatyiwayo inokugotywa ngaphandle kwesixhobo esikhethekileyo?
Ewe, amacwecwe amancinci angenasici (ukuya kwi-gauge ye-20) inokugotywa ngokusebenzisa iindlela zezandla kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nobuchule. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezityebileyo zifuna izixhobo zehydraulic ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezingcono.
Ngowuphi umlinganiselo wokugoba weradiyasi kwiphepha lentsimbi engatyiwayo?
Ubuncinci berediyasi yokugoba ngokuqhelekileyo isuka kwi-1x ukuya kwi-3x ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo, kuxhomekeke kwibakala kunye nendlela yokwenza. Qhagamshelana neenkcukacha zemathiriyeli ngeemfuno ezichanekileyo.
Ndikuthintela njani ukuqhekeka xa kugoba intsimbi engatyiwayo?
Sebenzisa irediyasi eyaneleyo yokugoba, qwalasela ulwalathiso lwenkozo yezinto eziphathekayo, sebenzisa ubushushu xa kuyimfuneko, kwaye uqinisekise ukuseta izixhobo ezifanelekileyo. I-anealing ingafuneka kumalungu akhiwe kakhulu.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokugoba komoya kunye nokugoba okusezantsi?
Ukugoba komoya kusebenzisa umsantsa phakathi kwezinto kunye nokufa, kuvumela uhlengahlengiso lwe-engile kodwa nge-springback engaphezulu. Ukugoba ezantsi kunyanzelela izinto eziphathekayo kwimilo yokufa, ukubonelela ngokuchaneka okungcono kodwa ukuguquguquka okuncinci.
Ngaba ndingagoba intsimbi engatyiwayo ekhaya ngaphandle koomatshini bobuchwephesha?
Ukugoba okusisiseko kwezinto ezibhityileyo kunokwenzeka ngezixhobo zezandla, kodwa iziphumo zobungcali zifuna izixhobo ezifanelekileyo. Cinga ngokukhupha umsebenzi onzima kwiinkonzo zentsimbi ezinamava .
Ukugoba iPhepha leNtsimbi eNgatyiwayo
Ukugoba ngempumelelo icwecwe lentsimbi engatyiwayo kufuna ukuqonda iimpawu ezizodwa zemathiriyeli, ukhethe iindlela ezifanelekileyo zosetyenziso lwakho, kwaye ulandele ezona ndlela zilungileyo eziqinisekisiweyo kuyo yonke le nkqubo.
Nokuba usebenza kwiprojekthi ye-DIY elula enemathiriyeli ebhityileyo okanye ujongana nolwakhiwo oluntsonkothileyo lwemizi-mveliso, undoqo ulele kulungiselelo olufanelekileyo, ukhetho lobuchule, kunye nengqalelo kwiinkcukacha. Kwiiprojekthi ezicela umngeni ezibandakanya imathiriyeli eshinyeneyo okanye ukunyamezelana okuqinileyo, ukusebenzisana nabavelisi abanamava abaxhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokugoba zale mihla zeCNC sheet sheet iqinisekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo.
Qala ngeeprojekthi ezilula zokuphuhlisa izakhono zakho, tyala imali kwizixhobo ezisemgangathweni ezifanelekileyo kumthamo wakho womsebenzi, kwaye ungathandabuzi ukufuna uncedo lobuchwephesha kwizicelo ezintsonkothileyo ezingaphezulu kwesakhono sakho sesixhobo.
