Chiyambi
Teremuyo Zopanga zimapereka malo a pivotal mu lexicon yathu yamakono, ikusinthasintha kwa zinthu zopangira mu zinthu zomalizidwa kudzera njira ndi njira zosiyanasiyana. Kuzindikira tanthauzo lenileni lopanga sikofunikira kwa akatswiri opanga mabizinesi komanso kwa ogula omwe amatenga nawo mankhwala opangidwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Zojambulazi zimatsimikiza za kusinthika kwa mbiri yakale ya nthawi imeneyo, tanthauzo lake kwa gawo la mafakitale, ndipo zimakhudza chuma chambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Mbiri yakale yopanga
Choyambirira chochokera ku mawu achi Latin 'manuus ' (dzanja) ndi '('), Kupanga kumatanthauza 'kupanga ndi dzanja. ' Mawuwa adatulukira munthawi yomwe luso likakhala mawu ambiri, ndipo amisiri aluso adapanga zinthu zothandizira. Kusintha kwa mafakitale m'zaka za m'ma 1800 ndi 19ths kunawonetsa kusintha kwakukulu, kuyambitsa makina ndikusintha tanthauzo la kupanga makina opanga makina. Kusunthira kumeneku sikumangothamanga kokha kongokula koma kumawonjezera sikelo ndi zovuta za zinthu zomwe zingatulutsidwa.
Maluso a ERA
Kutalika kwa mafakitale, kupanga kunali kofanana ndi luso laluso. Amisiri aluso anali ndi minda ngati metallingourgy, ukalipentala, ndi zikwangwani, aliyense amapanga zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zosowa za munthu aliyense. Mtengo wake udayikidwa papadera komanso mtundu uliwonse wa chidutswa chilichonse, nthawi zambiri amafunikira nthawi ndi ukadaulo. Ntchitoyi ikugogomezera kufunika kwa maluso aluso komanso chidziwitso chapamtima cha zida.
Kusintha kwa mafakitale ndi makina
Kubwera kwa kusintha kwa mafakitale kunasintha malingaliro opanga. Zopanda mawonekedwe monga injini yamatenthedwe, yopanda mphamvu, ndi zida zamakina zopangira chitsulo zololedwa. Mafakitale adasanduliza malowa opanga, ndikusintha ogwira ntchito ku Agrarfor ku makonda a Agral kupita ku mafakitale aku Urban. Kuchita bwino kwa nthawi iyi kugwira ntchito, kufikirika, ndi chipongwe, kuyika maziko a machitidwe opanga kupanga.
Njira zamakono zopangira
Masiku ano, kupanga kumaphatikizapo njira zambiri zokhudzana ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba komanso wodzipereka. Mafakitale amagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka kompyuta (kad), mabotiki, ndi luntha lopanga kuti mukonzekere mizere yopanga. Izi zikuchititsa kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino kwambiri, zochepetsedwa, komanso kuthekera kupanga zinthu zovuta ku liwiro lomwe silinachitike.
Makina ndi Robotics
Makinawa akhala akusewera pamagawo opanga. Kugwiritsa ntchito maloboti m'mizere yamisonkhano kumawonjezera mphamvu komanso kusasinthika, kuchepetsa zolakwika za anthu. Mwachitsanzo.
Kupanga
Zowonjezera, zomwe zimadziwika kuti kusindikiza 3D, kumayimira gawo lalikulu patsogolo. Zimaloleza kupanga geometies zovuta zomwe zinali zosatheka kale ndi njira zoperekera zochitika. Tekinoloje iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Aenthorcace, wathanzi, ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi, zomwe zimamuthandiza kwambiri komanso zopangidwa mwachangu.
Kupanga m'makampani achitsulo
Makampani achitsulo ndi mwala wapadziko lonse wopanga, kupereka zinthu zofunikira pomanga, mayendedwe, ndi zomangamanga. Makampani amathandizira kupanga zitsulo, monga Kupanga ma coils okhala ndi chitsulo chachitsulo, sewerani gawo lofunikira popereka zida zapamwamba kwambiri pazosiyanasiyana.
Njira zopangira
Kupanga zitsulo kumafunanso njira zingapo zofunika, kuphatikizapo zomangamanga, zolimbitsa thupi, zoponyera, ndikugudubuza. Njira zamakono zimayang'ana pa mphamvu yolimbitsa thupi ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, ma ntchentche a arc amakonzanso scrap, kuchepetsa kufunika kwa chowonjezera chopangira ndikuchepetsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha.
Zophika zitsulo zachitsulo
Ma coil achitsulo ophatikizika ndi ofunikira poteteza chitsulo ndikuwonjezera chidwi chawo. A Kupanga ma coil awa kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zigawo zoteteza monga zinc (galvanarization) kapena aluminium-zin smoy (Galvalone). Zogulitsazi ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati mafakitale, zomangamanga, ndi zida, pomwe kulimba ndi kukwera kwamoyo ndizofunikira.
Padziko lonse lapansi pakupanga
Kupanga kumayendetsa kukuthandizani kukula kwachuma, ntchito, ndi zatsopano. Zimathandizira kwambiri kwa GDPS padziko lonse lapansi ndipo ndi chizindikiro chachikulu chazaumoyo wa dziko. Kudalirana kwa mayiko
Kukhazikika kwachuma
Mayiko omwe ali ndi magulu opanga opaleshoni yopanga nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi kukhazikika kwachuma komanso kukula. Kupanga katundu kwa zinthu zonse zapakhomo ndi kutumizidwa kunja kwa ndalama zolipirira ndi kumangiriza. Zachuma zomwe zikuchitika zimapanga zosintha zosinthana kuletsa chuma chawo padziko lonse.
Kupititsa patsogolo kwaukadaulo
Kupanga kumakhala patsogolo pazachipembedzo. Kugulitsa mu kafukufuku ndi chitukuko kumabweretsa zinthu zatsopano, njira, ndi zinthu zina. Mafakitale amayesetsa kusintha njira, amachepetsa ndalama, ndikukwaniritsa zowonjezera zothandizira mwatsopano.
Zovuta pakupanga zamakono
Ngakhale kuti pali zibwenzi, gawo lopanga limakumana ndi zovuta monga kuwononga kusokonezeka kwa chilengedwe, nkhawa zachilengedwe, komanso kufunikira kwa aluso ogwira ntchito. Kuthana ndi mavuto awa ndikofunikira pakukula komanso kukhazikika kwaukadaulo.
Kuwononga zovuta
Maunyolo apadziko lonse lapansi amatha kukhala osatetezeka chifukwa cha kusokonezeka chifukwa cha miseche, masoka achilengedwe, kapena miyala. Opanga akufufuza njira monga kubwezeretsanso komanso kusinthanitsa kuti muchepetse zoopsa ndikuwonetsetsa kupitiliza.
Kukhazikika kwachilengedwe
Makampani opanga ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti achepetse mawonekedwe ake. Kukwaniritsa miyambo yosasunthika, monga kuchepetsa mpweya, kuchepetsa nkhawa, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi zosinthika, ndizofunikira pakutsatirana ndi udindo wamakampani.
Tsogolo la Kupanga
Malo opanga ndi odetsedwa kuti asinthidwe kwambiri ndikubwera kwa makampani 4.0, omwe amalimbitsa makina a cyber-matenda, intaneti ya zinthu (intaneti), ndi kuwononga kwa mtambo. Maukadaulo awa akulonjeza kulumikizana, kugwiritsa ntchito zokha, ndi kusanthula kwa deta pakupanga njira.
Makampani 4.0 ndi mafakitale anzeru
Mafakitale anzeru amayimira chisinthiko chotsatira popanga, pomwe makina ali ndi ma senso ndi madongosolo ophatikizika. Kusonkhanitsa kwa data zenizeni ndi kusanthula kumathandizira kulosera zodziwikiratu, kuwongolera kwapadera, komanso madokotala okhazikika.
Nzeru ndi maphunziro a makina
AI ndi makina kuphunzira ma algorithms amathandizira kupanga chisankho pakupanga. Amathandizira pakulosera, kupezeka kasamalidwe kamene kasamalidwe kameneka, ndi kukhathamiritsa. Matekinoloje awa amathandizira kuwonjezeka ndikuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
Mapeto
Tanthauzo la Kupanga kwasintha kwambiri kuchokera kwa katundu wake wopangidwa ndi katundu wopangidwa ndi manja masiku ano, luso loyendetsa ukadaulo. Zimakhalabe ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la anthu, kupanga zatsopano, kupanga zachuma, komanso kusintha moyo. Tikamayang'ana mtsogolo, kupita patsogolo kopitilira mumisani yopanga malowerere kufotokozeranso momwe timapangira ndikuyanjana ndi katundu, kutsindika kukhazikika, ndikusinthasintha, komanso kusinthasintha.
