Ukuqalisa
Emkhakheni wokulondolozwa kwezinto zokwenziwa kwe-elekthronikhi, ukulawula izimo zezemvelo kubaluleke kakhulu. Elinye lamathuluzi abalulekile okufeza lokhu kulawulwa yilona IKhabhinethi elimanyelayo . Ukuqonda ukuthi iKhabhinethi elimanzi elinamakhabethe liyini futhi izinhlelo zalo zingenza ngcono kakhulu kanye nokusebenza kwezinto ezibucayi. Le ndatshana idlulela kuzinkampani zamakhabethe amanzi, ihlola ukwakheka kwazo, ukusebenza, kanye nokuhambisana nezimboni ezahlukahlukene.
Idizayini nokwakheka kwamakhabethe amanzi
Ikhabethe elinomswakama, elaziwa nangokuthi yigumbi lomswakama, liyindawo ebiyelwe indawo elawulwayo esetshenziselwa ukugcina amazinga athile omswakama. Umklamo uvame ukufaka izimpawu zomoya, amasistimu wokulawula umswakama, futhi kwesinye isikhathi izindlela zokulawula zokushisa. Izinto zokwakha zibalulekile; kaningi, Amashidi ensimbi enziwe nge-galvanized asetshenziselwa ukuqina nokumelana nokugqwala.
Ngaphakathi, amakhabethe amanzi asemqoka angafaka i-Spherving Eguqukayo ukuze akwazi ukwamukela izinto ezahlukahlukene. Umswakama ulawulwa nge-desiccants, ama-admidmifiers, noma amasistimu wokulawula ama-elekthronikhi athuthukile angakwazi ukugcina amazinga omswakama ngaphakathi ku- ± 1% RH (umswakama ohlobene). Lokhu kunembe kubalulekile ukuthola izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukuphambuka okuncane kungaholela ekunciphiseni kwezinto ezibonakalayo.
Izicelo kwisitoreji se-elekhthronikhi
Izakhi ze-elekthronikhi zizwela kakhulu umswakama, ezingadala i-oxidation futhi zinciphise ukusebenza. Amakhabethe amanzi anikezela ngemvelo elawulwayo ukugcina izakhi ezinjengama-PCB (amabhodi wesifunda aphrintiwe), ama-ICS (amasekethe ahlanganisiwe), kanye nama-semiconductors. Ukugcina amazinga aphezulu umswakama kuvimbela ukumunca umswakama, ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bezakhi kuze kube yilapho sezilungele ukusetshenziswa.
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukugcinwa kwezingxenye ezingaphansi kuka-5% RH kunganweba kakhulu impilo yakhe eshalofini. Isibonelo, iphepha lokucwaninga elishicilelwe ejeni lezinto ze-elekthronikhi liqokonyiswe ukuthi ukulondolozwa komswakama ophansi kunciphise amanani afinyelela ku-30%, ukuthuthukisa ukwethenjwa kwengxenye.
Iqhaza Ekucwaningweni Kwezemithi Nocwaningo
Embonini yezemithi, amakhabethe amamanzi abalulekile ekugcinweni kwezinto ze-hygroscopic ezingadonsela umswakama ovela emoyeni, okuholele ekuguqukeni kwezakhiwo noma ukucija ukusebenza kahle. Ngokulawula umswakama, la makhabethe aqinisekisa ukuthi amakhompiyutha amakhambi ahlala ezinzile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngokufanayo, ucwaningo lwezinto eziphilayo luvame ukudinga ukutshalwa kwezinto eziphilayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zomswakama. Amakhabethe amanzi angalingisa izindawo ezishisayo ukuze akhule izitshalo noma alondoloze izimo ezinzile zamasiko ama-microorganism. Le ndawo elawulwayo ibaluleke kakhulu ukuthola imiphumela yokuvela kabusha ezihlokweni.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni ekuhlolweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo
Amakhabethe amamanzi ahlanganisiwe kuma-labs wokuhlola izinto ezibonakalayo lapho imikhiqizo ihlolwe ukuqina ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene zezemvelo. Okwezinsimbi, izivivinyo zomswakama zingabikezela amanani okugqwala, okubalulekile ezimbonini ezincike ezintweni ezifana amakhoyili ensimbi ye-galvalume . Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ekuqinisekisweni kwekhwalithi nasekuhlolweni kwezinto zokwakha ezingamelana nezimo ezinzima.
Isibonelo, izimboni zezimoto zisebenzisa amakhabethe amamakhile ukulingisa izindawo ezisogwini ukuze zihlole ukumelana nokugqwala kwezakhi zemoto. Idatha evela ezivivinyweni ezinjalo yazisa onjiniyela egqoke izimbotshana ezidingekayo noma esikhundleni sezinto ezibonakalayo ukuthuthukisa isikhathi eside.
Ukubaluleka emizamweni yokongiwa kwemvelo
Iminyuziyamu kanye nemilando Sebenzisa amakhabethe amamakhiyo wokugcina ubuciko obuzwelayo, amadokhumenti kanye nemisebenzi yobuciko. Ukushintshashintsha kokuswakama kumswakama kungadala iphepha ku-warp, ama-inks ukugijima, noma ukukhula kwebhayoloji njengokubumba ukuthuthukisa. Ngokugcina izinga lomswakama oqinile, amakhabethe amanzi avimbela umonakalo onjalo, alondoloze amagugu amasiko ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Ososayensi be-Conservation bavame ukuthembela kuma-logger wedatha ngaphakathi kwalawa makhabethe ukuqapha izimo ngokuqhubekayo. Ucwaningo kumaphephabhuku we-Conservation Science lugcizelela ukuthi amazinga womswakama ahlobene phakathi kwama-45% nama-55% alungele izinto eziningi ezenzelwe amaphepha, agqamisa isidingo sokulawulwa okuqondile okunikezwe amakhabethe aqondile.
Intuthuko kuTekhnoloji Omakhi Bekhabenethi
Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe iholele ekuthuthukisweni kwamakhabethe amanzi ahlakaniphile afakwe nge-IOT (I-Inthanethi Yezinto) Amakhono. Lawa makhabethe angabhekwa futhi alawulwe ukude, ngezibonis nganoma yikuphi ukuphambuka kusuka kumapharamitha aset. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-AI algorithms kuvumela ukulungiswa kokubikezela ngokususelwa kumaphethini wokusebenzisa nezici zangaphandle zemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-design asebenza kahle asebenze asetshenzisiwe ukunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza zokugcina izindawo ezilawulwayo. Izinto ezintsha kuzinto zokwehlukanisa izinto nezindlela zokulawula umswakama zinomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphansi ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ukusebenza.
Ukukhetha iKhabhinethi elinomswakama
Lapho ukhetha iKhabhinethi elimanzi, kufanele kubhekwe izinto eziningana: 1. ** Umkhankaso nosayizi **: Hlola ivolumu yezinto ezizogcinwa ukuthola usayizi ofanele weKhabhinethi.2. ** Uhla lomswakama nokulawula ukulawula **: Izicelo ezahlukahlukene zidinga amazinga omswakama ahlukahlukene. Qinisekisa ukuthi iKhabhinethi ingafinyelela futhi ilondoloze uhla oludingekayo ngokunemba okuphezulu.3. ** Ukwakhiwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo ** ** Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla **: Bheka amamodeli enzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, okungabiza kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.5. ** Izici ezingeziwe **: Bheka izici ezinjengokulawulwa kokushisa, ukugawulwa kwedatha, kanye namakhono okuqapha kude.
Ukubonisana nabakhiqizi kanye nokubukeza imininingwane yomkhiqizo kungasiza ekukhetheni ikhabethe elihlangabezana nezidingo ezithile. Isibonelo, izimboni ezibhekene nezinto eziphikisayo zingazuza ngamakhabethe anezimbotshana ezikhethekile noma izinto zokwakha.
Ukulungiswa kanye nemikhuba emihle kakhulu
Ukulungiswa okufanele kwekhabethe elinomswakama kuqinisekisa isikhathi eside nokuthembela kwalo. Ukulinganisa okujwayelekile kwezinzwa zomswakama kubalulekile ekuphathweni okunembile. Kunconywa ukuhlela amasheke elungiselelwa ngezikhathi ezithile, kufaka phakathi: iziqeshana.
Ukuqalisa ukusebenza kwezinqubo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza (ama-sops) abasebenzisi banganciphisa iphutha lomuntu. Abasebenzi bokuqeqesha ekusetshenzisweni okulungile kanye nezinqubo zokubheka zithuthukisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwekhabethe elinomswakama.
Izifundo zamacala zokuqaliswa kwamakhabethe anomswakama
Izimboni eziningana zibike ukuthuthuka okukhulu ngemuva kokusebenzisa amakhabethe amanzi: ** Umkhiqizi we-elekthronikhi **: Umnyuziyamu weNational Museum ogcinwe embhalweni wesandla ongavamile ngokugcina amazinga aphezulu omswakama, ukuvimbela ukonakala okwakukhona ngaphambili.
Lezi zifundo zamacala zigcizelela izinzuzo ezingokoqobo futhi zibuyisele ekutshalweni kwemali amakhabethe amanzi angahlinzeka ngemikhakha ehlukene.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwezemvelo Nezokulawula
Ukusimama kwemvelo kuya ngokuya kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukukhetha amakhabethe anomswakama asebenza kahle kunomthelela ekunciphiseni imidwebo yekhabhoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimboni ezithile kufanele zihambisane namazinga okulawulwa maqondana nemibandela yokugcina: - ** IMITHETHO **: izakhi.
Ukuqonda nokunamathela kulezi zindinganiso kubalulekile ekuthobeleni ngokusemthethweni kanye nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Amathrendi wesikhathi esizayo kubuchwepheshe obumanzi bekhabethe
Ikusasa lamakhabethe amanzi lilele ekuxhumaneni okuthuthukile nezici ezihlakaniphile. Ukuthuthuka okulindelekile kufaka phakathi: - ** Ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokuphatha izakhiwo (i-BMS) **:
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka, amakhabethe amanzi azosebenza kahle, asebenziseke kalula, futhi aqondaniswe nenguquko yedijithali ebonwe ezimbonini eziningi.
Ukugcina
Ukuqonda indima ebalulekile ye IKhabhinethi elimanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene liqokomisa ukubaluleka kwalo ekugcinweni kobuqotho bezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ukusuka ku-elekthronikhi kanye nemithi yemithi emizamweni yokulondolozwa kwemvelo, elawula umswakama kuyinto eyisisekelo yempumelelo yokusebenza. Ukutshala imali kumakhabethe asemqoka athuthukile hhayi nje ukuvikela izinto ezibalulekile kepha futhi kunomthelela ekusebenzeni kahle nasekuthobeleleni amazinga embonini.
Njengoba izimboni ziyaqhubeka nokuvela, ukutholwa kwezixazululo zokulawula umswakama okusha kuzobaluleka. Ngokuhlala unolwazi ngentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nemikhuba emihle kakhulu, izinhlangano zingamelana amakhabethe amamatisi amandla awo aphelele, ukuthola inzuzo yokuncintisana emikhakheni yawo.
