Nnianimu
Tinplate yɛ dade a ɛyɛ tratraa a wɔde tin a ɛyɛ tratraa akata so, na ɛma ɛtumi gyina nsɛe ano yiye, ɛtumi solder, na ɛyɛ fɛ. Wɔde di dwuma kɛse wɔ nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma mu, titiriw wɔ nnuan ne anonne mu, ne mfiridwuma mu nneɛma ahorow mu. Tinplates ahorow ahorow a wɔbɛte ase no ho hia ma wɔn a wɔyɛ ne wɔn a wɔde di dwuma awiei no sɛ wɔbɛpaw nneɛma a ɛfata ama wɔn ahiade pɔtee. Saa asɛm yi hwehwɛ tinplates ahorow ahorow, ne su, sɛnea wɔde di dwuma, ne gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛkyerɛ so no mu kɔ akyiri. Sɛ wopɛ nsɛm a ɛkɔ akyiri pii fa tinplate grades pɔtee te sɛ 735 Tinplate , yɛhwehwɛ wɔn su soronko ne sɛnea wɔde di dwuma wɔ nnwuma ahorow mu.
Tinplate Grades ho ntease
Wɔkyekyɛ tinplate grades mu gyina nneɛma pii so, a nea ɛka ho ne dade su, temper designation, coating mu duru, ne finish. Amanaman ntam gyinapɛn te sɛ ASTM A623 ne European Norms (EN) na ɛhwɛ saa nkyekyɛmu yi so. Grades no na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea tinplate no yɛ mfiri, sɛnea wɔde wie ne soro, ne sɛnea ɛfata ma akwan horow a wɔfa so yɛ no.
Dade Ahorow Ahorow
Dade a wɔde yɛ tinplate no nya ne su so nkɛntɛnso kɛse. Dade ahorow a wɔtaa yɛ no bi ne:
- Single Reduced Steel: Wɔtew awɔw so ma ɛyɛ kɛse a wɔpɛ na wɔde yɛ annealed. Wonim no sɛ ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ formability.
- Dade a wɔatew so mmɔho abien: Wɔtew awɔw so, wɔde hyew, na afei wɔde tew so mprenu so, na ɛma ahoɔden yɛ kɛse na ɛtew ne kɛse so.
Abufuw a Wɔde Di Dwuma
Temper designation kyerɛ sɛnea tinplate no yɛ den na ɛyɛ mmerɛw, a ɛho hia kɛse ma akwan a wɔfa so yɛ ne ne yɛ. Abufuw a wɔtaa de ma ne:
- T-1 kosi T-5: Tinplates biako a wɔatew so, a T-1 na ɛyɛ mmerɛw sen biara na T-5 na ɛyɛ den sen biara.
- DR-7 kosi DR-9: Tinplates a wɔatew so mmɔho abien, a ɛma ahoɔden a ɛkorɔn a wɔatew nsakrae so.
Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔtaa de T-2 abufuw di dwuma ma deep-drawing applications esiane ne ductility a eye kyɛn so nti, bere a T-5 fata ma flat applications a ɛhwehwɛ ahoɔden a ɛkorɔn.
Coating Mu duru
Wɔsusu tin a wɔde kata so no mu duru wɔ nkaribo mu wɔ base box biara mu (lbs/base box) wɔ U.S. anaa gram wɔ mita ahinanan biara mu (g/m2) wɔ mmeae afoforo. Nneɛma a wɔtaa de kata ade so no bi ne:
- Lightly Coated (0.10/0.10 lb/base box): Wɔde di dwuma bere a wogye tom sɛ ɛko tia nsɛe a ɛba fam koraa no.
- Standard Coated (0.25/0.25 lb/base box): Ɛfata ma nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so.
- Heavily Coated (1.00/1.00 lb/base box): Ɛma ahoɔden a ɛsen biara a ɛko tia nsɛe ma mmeae a ɛyɛ den.
Nneɛma a wɔde kata so no mu duru a wɔpaw no ka sɛnea ade a wɔde kata so no bɛtra hɔ ne sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma, titiriw wɔ mmeae a nneɛma asɛe no.
Nneɛma a Wɔde Awie Afasu
Tinplates wɔ hɔ a wɔde nneɛma ahorow a wɔde wie wɔ soro, na ɛka sɛnea ɛte ne sɛnea lacquer a ɛbata ho no so nkɛntɛnso:
- Bright Finish: Ɛma ɛyɛ hyerɛnn, a eye ma nneɛma a wɔde siesie fie.
- Abo Finish: Ade a ɛyɛ dull finish a wɔde di dwuma bere a optical properties nyɛ ade titiriw.
- Matte Finish: Ɛma lacquer a ɛbata ho no yɛ kɛse na wɔtaa de di dwuma wɔ toa no ano ne nea ɛkata so mu.
Tinplate Grades Ahorow a Wɔde Di Dwuma
Wɔayɛ tinplates ahorow ahorow sɛnea wɔde di dwuma pɔtee wɔ nnwuma ahorow mu. Sɛ wote saa dwumadie yi ase a, ɛboa ma wɔpaw nneɛma a ɛfata a wɔde bɛyɛ:
Aduan ne Nsã a Wɔde Gu Nneɛma Mu
Wɔpɛ tinplates a emu duru a ɛfata a wɔde kata so ne tempers a ɛyɛ mmerɛw (T-2 kosi T-3) ma aduan toa, na ɛma wotumi twetwe nneɛma a emu dɔ ne embossing a ɛho hia wɔ toa a wɔyɛ mu. Nneɛma a ɛko tia nsɛe a ɛkyɛn so no ma nneɛma no yɛ ahobammɔ na ɛtra hɔ kyɛ.
Wɔ anonne a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma mu no, ɛsɛ sɛ tinplates gyina nhyɛso a ɛwɔ mu ano na ɛkɔ so yɛ sɛnea ɛte. Wɔtaa de grades a wɔatew so mmɔho abien te sɛ DR-8 di dwuma ma wɔn ahoɔden ne gauges a ɛyɛ tratraa, na ɛtew nneɛma ho ka so a ɛmma adwumayɛ nsɛe.
Aerosol Nneɛma a Wɔde Gu Mu
Sɛ wɔbɛyɛ aerosol nkankyee a, ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde tinplates a ahoɔden kɛse wom na ama wɔatumi agyina nhyɛso ano. Abufuw te sɛ T-5 ne abasobɔde a wɔatew so mmɔho abien no ye ma saa dwumadie yi. Tin a wɔde kata so no bɔ ho ban fi nnuru a ɛwɔ mu no ho.
Kar Afã ne Mfiridwuma mu Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma
Wɔde tinplates di dwuma wɔ ngo a wɔde yiyi mu, batere a wɔde hyɛ mu, ne mfiridwuma mu nneɛma ahorow mu. Grades a wɔde ade a emu yɛ duru akata so no ma ɛko tia nsɛe a ɛho hia ma mmeae a wɔyɛ adwuma denneennen. Ahoɔden ne formability kari pɛ sɛnea component design no te.
Amanaman Ntam Gyinapɛn ne Nsɛm a Wɔakyerɛkyerɛ Mu
Tinplate a wɔyɛ ne nea wɔkyekyɛ mu no di gyinapɛn ahorow a ahyehyɛde ahorow te sɛ ASTM International ne International Organization for Standardization (ISO) de asi hɔ no so. Gyinapɛn atitiriw no bi ne:
- ASTM A623: Ɛkyerɛ ahwehwɛde ahorow a ɛfa tin mill nneɛma ho, a tinplate ne blackplate ka ho.
- EN 10202: Europa gyinapɛn a ɛfa tinplate a wɔatew so awɔw mu ne blackplate ho, a ɛkyerɛkyerɛ mfiridwuma mu nneɛma ne nea wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde kata so ho asɛm kɔ akyiri.
Saa gyinapɛn ahorow yi a wodi so no hwɛ hu sɛ nneɛma no yɛ papa, ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ, na ɛfata ma wiase nyinaa gua ahorow.
Nneɛma a Wɔde Paw Tinplate Grades
Tinplate grade a ɛfata a wobɛpaw no hwehwɛ sɛ wususuw nneɛma pii ho:
Ahwehwɛde ahorow a Wɔde Hyehyɛ
Nneɛma a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ mfonini a emu dɔ anaa nsusuwii a ɛyɛ nwonwa hia abufuw a ɛyɛ brɛoo na amma mpaapaemu. T-1 kosi T-3 abasobɔde ahorow no ma wonya ductility a ɛho hia. Wɔ nneɛma a ɛyɛ tratraa anaa nea ehia sɛ ɛyɛ katee fam no, abufuw a emu yɛ den te sɛ T-5 fata.
Nneɛma a Ɛko Tia Nsɛe
Wɔbɛda nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ne nneɛma a ɛwɔ tinplate no mu adi de akyerɛ emu duru a wɔhwehwɛ sɛ wɔde kata so. Nneɛma a ɛwɔ mu anaa nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a ɛyɛ basabasa no hia sɛ wɔde tin a emu yɛ duru kata so na ama ahwɛ ahu sɛ ɛbɛtra hɔ akyɛ na ayɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Surface Finish ne Sɛnea ɛte
Wɔ nneɛma a ɛho hia sɛ ɛyɛ fɛ te sɛ nkankyee a wɔde asiesie anaa nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho no, wɔpɛ sɛ wɔde wie a ɛhyerɛn. Sɛ wɔde paint anaa lacquered bɛhyɛ tinplate no so a, matte finish ma coating adhesion yɛ kɛse.
Tinplate Grades a Ɛkɔ Anim ne Nneɛma Foforo a Wɔayɛ
Tinplate adwuma no kɔ so nya nkɔso, na nkɔso ahorow twe adwene si nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma yiye, nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a ɛbɛkɔ so atra hɔ daa, ne nneɛma a wɔbɛma anya nkɔso so.
Nneɛma a Wɔde Kata Nneɛma a Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia Ho
Nkɔso a aba wɔ tinplate coatings mu no botae ne sɛ ɛbɛtew tin a wɔde di dwuma so a ɛremma adwumayɛ nsɛe. Nneɛma foforo te sɛ tin a wɔde kata so a ɛsono emu biara de nneɛma a ɛsono ne kɛse di dwuma wɔ tinplate no afã biara, na ɛma nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma yiye a egyina sɛnea ɛda adi so.
Nneɛma a Wɔde Kata Nneɛma So a Ɛyɛ Dwumadi
Nneɛma a wɔde kata so a ɛyɛ adwuma ma nneɛma te sɛ paint a ɛbata ho, ɛko tia nsɛe, ne sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma no yɛ kɛse. Chromium-coated steel (TFS) yɛ ɔkwan foforo a ɛde nneɛma a ɛte saa ara a ɛwɔ mfaso a ɛwɔ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia so ma esiane tin a wɔde di dwuma a ɛba fam nti.
Nsɛm a Wɔayɛ no Ho Nhwehwɛmu: 735 Tinplate a Wɔde Di Dwuma
No 735 Tinplate yɛ grade pɔtee bi a wonim no sɛ ɛkari pɛ wɔ ahoɔden ne formability mu. Wɔde di dwuma kɛse wɔ nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ no sɛnea ɛsɛ na ɛko tia nsɛe a eye kyɛn so mu.
Wɔ nnuan a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho adwumayɛ mu no, 735 Tinplate de ductility a ɛho hia ma nsuhina a wɔde yɛ nsuhina bere a ɛhwɛ ma ahobammɔ ne nnuan a wɔkora so no ma. Wɔayɛ ne mu duru a wɔde kata so ne nea wɔde awie no yiye ama eyi.
Abenfo Nhumu ne Nkamfo
Nnwuma mu abenfo si hia a ɛho hia sɛ wɔne wɔn a wɔde tinplate ma a wɔagye din yɛ biako na ama wɔahwɛ ahu sɛ nneɛma no yɛ papa na wodi gyinapɛn ahorow so so dua. Nneɛma te sɛ mfiri a ɛkɔ so daa, nneɛma a wɔde kata so no mu duru pɛpɛɛpɛ, ne nneɛma a wɔde wie a wotumi de ho to so no ho hia kɛse ma nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yiye ne sɛnea nneɛma no yɛ adwuma yiye.
Bio nso, mfiridwuma mu nkɔso a wɔbɛkɔ so ahu no ma wɔn a wɔyɛ nneɛma no tumi fa tinplate ahorow foforo a ɛma adwumayɛ a ɛkɔ anim ne mfaso a ɛwɔ hɔ ma nea ɛbɛkɔ so atra hɔ daa no tom.
Awie
Tinplates no grades ntease ho hia kɛse na ama wɔapaw nneɛma a ɛfata a wɔde bɛyɛ adwuma pɔtee bi. Nneɛma te sɛ dade ko, abufuw din, emu duru a wɔde kata so, ne nea wɔde awie no na ɛkyerɛ sɛnea tinplate no fata ma nnwuma ahorow. Sɛ́ ɛyɛ aduan ne anonne a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma, kar mu nneɛma, anaa mfiridwuma mu nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma no, sɛ wɔpaw tinplate grade a ɛfata a, ɛma nneɛma no yɛ papa, ɛyɛ adwuma, na ɛtra hɔ kyɛ.
Wɔhyɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ nneɛma ne wɔn a wɔde di dwuma awiei no nkuran sɛ wɔne abenfo nsusuw ho na wɔmfa wɔn ho nhyɛ amanaman ntam gyinapɛn ahorow mu bere a wɔrepaw nneɛma a wɔde tinplate ayɛ no. Ɛdenam saayɛ so no, wobetumi de mfaso a ɛwɔ tinplate a wotumi de yɛ nneɛma pii ne ne su so no adi dwuma. Sɛ wopɛ nneɛma a wɔde ma a ɛkɔ akyiri, a nea ɛka ho ne grades soronko te sɛ 735 Tinplate , adwumayɛfo a wɔde nneɛma ma no de nneɛma a ɛho hia ne mmoa ma.
