Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibikoresho bwakosowe?

Iyo abantu bumvise ijambo 'gukonjesha, ' mubisanzwe bashushanya amakarito yikarito yipakira.

Nyamara, korugasi mubyukuri nibikorwa bya geometrike. Ntabwo ari ibikoresho byihariye. Ababikora bakoresha ubu buryo kugirango bahindure imirongo hamwe na shobora. Iyi geometrie idasanzwe yerekana uburyo bukomeye. Itezimbere cyane ubunyangamugayo muri rusange.

Abantu benshi bitiranya fibre yamashanyarazi ikoreshwa muri logistique nibikoresho biremereye cyane. Ubwubatsi bugezweho bushingira cyane kubice bidashobora gukomera nk'icyuma hamwe na polyethylene yuzuye (HDPE). Ibi bikoresho biramba bigize inkingi yibikorwa remezo byinganda.

Iyi ngingo irasobanura urwego rwubucuruzi impapuro . Turabasuzuma kubisenge, kwambara, hamwe nubwubatsi. Uzamenya uburyo bwo guhuza ibyuma byuburyo bukenewe kubidukikije bikenewe. Turakubiyemo kandi ibyangombwa byingenzi byubatswe kugirango umutekano wigihe kirekire wubake kandi byubahirizwe.

Ibyingenzi

• Gukosora nigishushanyo mbonera cyubaka cyongera imbaraga zingana kandi ntikigaragara, ntabwo ari ibintu byihariye.

• Ibikoresho byibanze byifashishwa mu nganda ni ibyuma bya galvanis, Galvalume, na aluminiyumu, buri kimwe gitanga ruswa itandukanye hamwe nigiciro cyubuzima.

• Guhitamo iburyo Ibyuma bikonjesha bisaba kuringaniza ibiciro byimbere hamwe nibidukikije byihariye (urugero, imyunyu yo ku nkombe n’inganda zikora inganda).

• Gufatanya nabashinzwe gusuzuma Urupapuro rutanga amabati ni ingenzi mu kugabanya ubukererwe bw’itangwa ry’amasoko no kwemeza kubahiriza inyubako zaho no kwihanganira igipimo.

Ubukanishi bw'impapuro zometseho: Ikibazo cyo Gushushanya & Agaciro Imiterere

Ubwubatsi bwubucuruzi buhura ningorabahizi yubuhanga. Abubatsi bakeneye ibikoresho bitanga imbaraga nyinshi-zingana. Bagomba kugabanya imitwaro yubatswe. Igihe kimwe, ntibashobora guhungabanya ikirere cyangwa igihe kirekire.

Ibikoresho biremereye bisaba uburyo bunini bwo gushyigikira. Ibi bizamura ibiciro. Biragoye kandi gahunda yubuhanga. Abubatsi bakeneye igisubizo cyoroshye. Igisubizo kiri muri geometrie yimbaraga.

Geometrie yimbaraga

Inzira ya korugasi ihindura icyuma kibase muburyo bukomeye. Inganda zibigeraho binyuze muburyo bwo kuzunguruka. Amashanyarazi yicyuma anyuze murukurikirane rwinzitizi zihariye. Izunguruka zikanda kumurongo uhinduranya mubyuma.

Ihinduka ryoroshye rya geometrike rihindura imiterere yimiterere yicyuma rwose. Iyongera cyane ikibaho cyo kunama gukomera. Umwirondoro wa wavy ukora nkurukurikirane rwikurikiranya ruto rwa I-beam.

Iterambere ryimiterere ritanga inyungu eshatu zingenzi:

1. Ingaruka zo Kurwanya: Imisozi ihindura ingaruka zumubiri neza. Bakuramo imbaraga ziva mu rubura n'imyanda.

2. Ubushobozi bwo Gutwara Urubura: Urusenda runyura urubura rwinshi. Impinga zikomeye zishyigikira uburemere buhebuje.

3. Umuyaga Uzamura Umuyaga: Gukomera birinda akanama guhindagurika munsi yumuvuduko mubi. Ibi nibyingenzi mugihe cyumuyaga ukaze.

Ubunini no kwishyiriraho

Ikibaho gikonjesha gitanga inyungu nini zo kwishyiriraho. Zipima cyane ugereranije nubukorikori gakondo cyangwa icyuma kibisi. Iyi miterere yoroheje yihutisha igihe cyo kwishyiriraho.

Ba rwiyemezamirimo bakeneye imashini ziremereye kurubuga. Sisitemu ntoya ya crane irashobora kuzamura iyi panne. Abakozi b'inzu barashobora gutwikira ibicuruzwa binini byihuse. Igihe gito cyakazi gisobanura muburyo bukomeye bwo kubaka. Imikorere iringaniza imbaraga.

Gusuzuma Ibyuma Byubatswe: Ubwoko bwimpapuro

Guhuza substrate kubidukikije nikintu gikenewe rwose. Guhitamo nabi byemeza kunanirwa hakiri kare. Tugomba gusuzuma buri kintu gifite intego.

Urupapuro rushyushye

A. urupapuro rwometseho rugizwe na karubone yibyuma. Ababikora bambara iyi nkingi hamwe na zinc nziza. Zinc itanga kurinda inzitizi. Itanga kandi uburinzi bwa galvanic, kwigomwa kugirango ikize ibyuma.

Ibi bikoresho nkibisanzwe byamazu yubuhinzi nubucuruzi. Birahenze cyane. Abubatsi barayizera kubikorwa byimbere hamwe nikirere giciriritse. Ariko, ifite aho igarukira. Ibyuma amaherezo bizangirika iyo zinc igabanutse.

Urupapuro rwa Galvalume

A. urupapuro rwa galvalume rukoreshwa cyane. Icyuma cyakira icyuma gikozwe muri zinc, aluminium, na silikoni. Iyi mavuta ikora inzitizi ikomeye yo gukingira.

Galvalume itanga igihe kirekire cyo kurwanya ruswa. Bikunze kumara kabiri inshuro ebyiri ibyuma bisanzwe bya galvaniside mubidukikije bisanzwe. Ariko, itwara ingaruka zihariye. Ntugomba kuyikoresha mu nyubako zifunga inyamaswa. Gazi ya Amoniya itera kwangirika kwa alkaline. Ugomba kandi kuyirinda kure ya beto itose.

Urupapuro rwa aluminiyumu

An urupapuro rwa aluminiyumu rugizwe na aluminiyumu isukuye. Ntabwo irimo ibyuma. Kubwibyo, ntishobora kubyara ingese zitukura.

Aluminium irwanya cyane amazi yumunyu. Inganda zinganda zitanga itegeko kubisabwa ku nkombe. Niba umushinga wawe wicaye muri kilometero imwe yinyanja, ukeneye aluminium. Ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga birimo ikiguzi cyo hejuru. Aluminium kandi ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya amenyo yo hasi ugereranije nicyuma gikomeye.

Ikariso ya HDPE na Polyakarubone

Tugomba kuvuga muri make ubundi buryo butari ibyuma. Amashanyarazi ya polyethylene yuzuye (HDPE) hamwe nimpapuro za polyakarubone zitanga imyanya yihariye. Abubatsi babikoresha cyane cyane kumanywa. Izi mpapuro zisobanutse zitanga urumuri rusanzwe mububiko.

Zitanga kandi imiti yihariye yo kurwanya imiti. Ibidukikije bimwe na bimwe byangiza ibyuma vuba. Polyakarubone irokoka iyo myuka ikaze. Nyamara, plastiki ibura ubushobozi bwimiterere yicyuma. Abubatsi bagomba gushyira umwanya wa purlins hafi cyane hamwe.

Imbonerahamwe yo Kugereranya Ibyuma

Imikorere no kubahiriza code

Inyubako zubaka zitegeka ibintu bikenewe. Ba injeniyeri bagomba guhitamo substrate ishingiye kubintu bifatika byagaragaye. Gukeka biganisha ku kunanirwa kw'igisenge.

Guhuza Ibidukikije

Ugomba gushyiraho urwego rwo guhitamo ibikoresho. Suzuma ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije bikikije urubuga rwawe. Gutera umunyu byangiza ibyuma bisanzwe. Uturere tw’inganda dusohora aside sulfurike mu kirere. Ibigega byubuhinzi bifata ammonia yangirika cyane.

Hitamo aluminiyumu hejuru ya Galvalume muri kilometero imwe yinkombe. Hitamo impuzu ziremereye (nka G90) kubikoresho byubworozi-amoniya. Huza chimie yicyuma na chimie yikirere cyaho.

Gauge hamwe nubunini

Ugomba kwerekana igipimo gikwiye. Sisitemu yo gupima ipima uburebure bw'icyuma. Umubare wo hasi werekana icyuma kinini. Kurugero, ibyuma 22-bipima birabyimbye kandi birakomeye kuruta ibyuma bya 29.

Inyubako zubatswe zaho zubahiriza byimazeyo ibisabwa. Bashingira aya mategeko kurwego rwo kuzamura umuyaga mukarere. Uturere two ku nkombe dukunze kwibasirwa ninkubi y'umuyaga bisaba panne ndende. Uturere twimbere hamwe nikirere cyoroheje koresha neza ibipimo byoroshye.

Buri gihe ugenzure ibisabwa byumuyaga ukoresheje ASCE 7 yubuhanga bwububiko. Menya neza ko ubunini bwatoranijwe bwujuje amategeko agenga umutekano wa komini. Ikibaho cyoroshye gishobora kuzigama amafaranga muburyo bwambere, ariko birashobora guhura nuburyo bukomeye bwubatswe mugihe cyumuyaga.

Gushyira mu bikorwa Ukuri ningaruka zubaka

Kugura ibikoresho byiza bikemura kimwe cya kabiri cyikibazo. Kwinjiza bizana ibibazo bigoye byumubiri. Ubwubatsi bubi burasenya ndetse nicyuma cyiza.

Ubushyuhe

Icyuma cyaguka iyo gishyushye. Irasezerana iyo ikonje. Iyi mikorere yubushyuhe ntishobora kwirindwa. Ikibaho kirekire gikomeza uburambe bugaragara.

Ugomba gukemura uku kuri ukoresheje guhitamo byihuse. Sisitemu yihuta yihuta igabanya kugenda. Uku kubuzwa gushobora gutuma panele zisenyuka kumyobo mugihe. Umwirondoro wihishe uhagaze neza imyirondoro yemerera paneli kunyerera mubuntu.

Niba ukoresha ibifunga byerekanwe, shyiramo umwobo. Imyobo ihanamye itanga icyumba cya screw. Ibi bisobanuro byoroshye birinda kugoreka imbaho ​​zikomeye no gutaburura imburagihe.

Ingaruka zo Kwangirika kwa Galvanic

Kuvanga ibyuma bidasa bitera imiti yangiza. Twise iyi galvanic ruswa. Iyo amazi ahuza ibyuma bibiri bidahuye, kimwe cyangirika vuba.

Ntuzigere wemera ko amazi ava mumiyoboro y'umuringa akubita igisenge cya Galvalume. Ntukoreshe ibyuma bisanzwe byicyuma hejuru yinzu ya aluminium. Buri gihe ujye ubaza imbonerahamwe ya galvanic mbere yo kuvanga ibikoresho byubwubatsi. Injira ibisobanuro byawe byamazi kugirango wirinde amazi adahuye.

Gukemura no Kubika Mbere yo Kwishyiriraho

Ububiko bwakazi-butangiza ibyago byinshi. Imicungire mibi yubushuhe itera 'ingese yera ' kubikoresho bya galvanis. Ububiko bubitse bwangiza igifuniko cyo gukingira mbere yuko ushyiraho ikibaho.

Imyitozo myiza yo kubika ibikoresho:

• Ntuzigere ubika icyuma cyometseho icyuma hasi.

• Uzamure imigozi ukoresheje ibiti kugirango uteze imbere ikirere.

• Shyira imigozi ho gato kugirango ureke ubushuhe hamwe na kondegene bikure.

• Gupfuka ibikoresho ukoresheje igituba gihumeka. Ntuzigere ukoresha amashanyarazi ya plastike.

Nigute Utondekanya Urupapuro rutanga isoko

Intsinzi yumushinga wawe ishingiye cyane kumurongo utanga. Ukeneye umufatanyabikorwa, ntabwo ari umucuruzi gusa. Gusuzuma abatanga isoko bisaba ingingo zikomeye.

Kugenzura Impamyabumenyi

Buri gihe usuzume a impapuro zitanga impapuro zishingiye ku kubahiriza. Saba ibyangombwa byerekana ko byubahiriza ibipimo bya ASTM. ASTM A653 igenga galvanized substrate yuburebure hamwe nuburemere bwa zinc. Ugomba kugenzura ibi bipimo. Abacuruzi batitonda bakunze kugurisha ibyuma bitapimwe kugirango bongere imipaka.

Guhitamo no kuyobora ibihe

Imirimo niyo ihenze cyane mubwubatsi. Baza uwaguhaye isoko niba batanga ibicuruzwa byacishijwe bugufi. Uruganda rwaciwe nuruganda rugera rwiteguye guhita rushyirwaho.

Ibi bigabanya cyane imirimo ikorerwa kurubuga. Ikuraho kandi imyanda iteje akaga kurubuga rwakazi. Suzuma ibihe byabo byo kuyobora witonze. Utanga isoko ashobora gutanga uburebure bwihariye mumadirishya afunze arinda gahunda yawe yumushinga.

Gukorera mu mucyo

Garanti yinganda zirimo imitego ihishe. Ugomba kumenya aya mabendera atukura hakiri kare. Abacuruzi benshi batanga garanti yimyaka 40 itakaza agaciro vuba.

Shakisha itandukaniro hagati ya garanti yatanzwe kandi idashigikiwe. Garanti yatanzwe itanga amafaranga make yo gusimburwa buri mwaka. Reba ingingo zo guhezwa ku nkombe. Garanti nyinshi zidafite agaciro iyo zashyizwe hafi yamazi yumunyu. Menya neza ko garanti ikubiyemo ubunyangamugayo bwa firime, ntabwo ari ugukabya gukabije cyangwa gushira.

Umwanzuro

Imikorere yibikoresho byashingiwe kumahitamo yubuhanga. Ntushobora gutumiza gusa akanama rusange. Ugomba guhuza ibivanze byihariye hamwe nibisabwa kubidukikije aho umushinga wawe uherereye. Ibisenge by'ibyuma no kwambara bitanga agaciro kadasanzwe k'imiterere iyo ikozwe neza.

Fata ingamba zihuse mbere yo kugura ibikoresho. Kugenzura imbuga zawe zihariye zibangamira ibidukikije. Andika umuvuduko wumuyaga waho, guhura nu munyu, hamwe n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Hitamo urutonde rwabatanga ibintu bitatu bazwi ukurikije ibi bipimo. Saba impapuro za tekiniki (TDS) hamwe nibikoresho bifatika biva muri byo. Kugenzura niba ASTM yubahiriza mbere yo kwiyemeza kugura ibintu byose.

Ibibazo

Ikibazo: Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yicyuma gikonjeshejwe nicyuma?

Igisubizo: Gukonjesha bivuga imiterere ya geometrike yumurongo wikibaho. Galvanised bivuga imiti ya zinc ikoreshwa mubyuma. Urupapuro rumwe rushobora kuba byombi. Ariko, urupapuro narwo rushobora gukonjeshwa utarinze gushyirwaho imbaraga, nkicyuma gisize irangi gikonje.

Ikibazo: Ese Galvalume iruta gusya kumpapuro zicyuma?

Igisubizo: Muri rusange, yego. Galvalume itanga kuramba no kurwanya ingese mubidukikije bisanzwe. Nyamara, Galvalume yananiwe vuba cyane mubidukikije-amoniya, nkubworozi bwubuhinzi. Muri ibyo bikoresho byihariye, ibyuma biremereye cyane ni amahitamo meza.

Ikibazo: Impapuro zubatswe zimara igihe kingana iki?

Igisubizo: Ubuzima buratandukanye cyane bitewe nubutaka bwikirere hamwe nikirere cyaho. Ibikoresho by'ibanze bya galvanised muri rusange bimara imyaka 20. Premium aluminium substrate cyangwa urwego rwohejuru rwa Galvalume hamwe na pVDF yateye imbere irashobora kurenza imyaka 50 hamwe no kuyitaho bike.

Ikibazo: Urashobora kugendagenda hejuru yicyuma?

Igisubizo: Yego, urashobora kubagenderaho neza. Ariko, bisaba ubwitonzi bwihariye. Ugomba gukandagira hejuru ya purlins, nizo nkunga zubatswe munsi. Buri gihe ukandagire mu igorofa 'ipanu ' hagati y'urubavu. Gukandagira ku rubavu rurerure bizahita bisenyuka kandi bihindure icyuma.