Ukuqalisa
I-Corrosion iyinkinga ephelele ethinta izimboni eziningi, okuholela ekulahlekelweni okubalulekile kwezezimali kanye nokukhathazeka ngokuphepha. Kuphakama umbuzo: uyatshala imali ngaphakathi Izixazululo ze-anti-Rust zikufanele ngempela? Le ndatshana idlulela kwizindleko nezinzuzo zokwelashwa okulwa nokugqwala, ihlola umthelela wazo ekuveleni okude, izindleko zokulungisa kanye nenani eliphelele kuzo zombili izinhlelo zokusebenza zezezimboni nezothengi.
Isayensi Yokugqwala
I-Corrosion iyinqubo yemvelo lapho izinsimbi ziwohloka ngenxa yokusabela kwamakhemikhali ngemvelo yawo. Imvamisa, lokhu kufaka phakathi i-oxidation yezinsimbi phambi komswakama nomoya-mpilo. Ngokusho kweNational Association of Cororiosion Enjiniyela (Nace), izindleko zomhlaba wonke zamanani wokugqwala afinyelela ngaphezulu kwama- $ 2.5 trillion ngonyaka, okulingana cishe nama-3% we-GDP wezwe. Lesi sibalo esimangazayo sigcizelela ukubaluleka kwezindlela ezisebenzayo zokuvikela ukugqwala.
Izindlela zokwakheka kokugqwala
Ukugqwala yigama elijwayelekile le-iron oxide, kwakhiwa lapho insimbi noma ama-alloys awo eqhubeka nomoya-mpilo kanye nomswakama. Inqubo ye-electrochemical ifaka ukusabela kwe-anodic ne-cathodic, lapho i-iron ilahlekelwa ama-elektroni (oxidation) kanye no-oxygen ama-elektroni (ukuncishiswa). Izici zezemvelo ezifana nomswakama, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokuba khona kosawoti noma ukungcola kungasheshisa le nqubo.
Izindleko ezihambisana nokugqwala
Imiphumela yezezimali yokugqwala i-multifaceted. Izindleko eziqondile zifaka ukulungiswa nokubuyiselwa kwezinto ezilimele, kanti izindleko ezingaqondile zihlanganisa isikhathi sokuphumula, ukulahleka kokukhiqiza, nezingozi ezingaba khona. Isibonelo, embonini kawoyela negesi, ukugqwala kwamapayipi kungaholela ekuvuzeni nasekuchithekeni, okuholela ekulimaleni kwemvelo kanye nenhlawulo enobuhlungu. Isifundo esenziwa yi-US Federal Highway Administration siqokonyiswe ukuthi ukugqwala kubiza umkhakha wezokuhamba cishe ama- $ 29,7 billion ngonyaka.
Umthelela kwingqalasizinda
Ingqalasizinda enjengamabhuloho, izakhiwo, kanye nemigwaqo zitholakala ngokungenwa ngokuwohloka okuhlobene nokukhulisa. Ukuwa kwebhuloho lesiliva ngonyaka we-1967, kufakwe ukwehluleka okubangelwa ukugqwala, kugcizelela isidingo esibucayi sokuvikelwa kokugqwala. Ukutshalwa kwemali ngezinyathelo zokulwa nokugqwala kunganweba impilo yenkonzo yengqalasizinda, ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokwehlisa izindleko zesikhathi eside.
Izixazululo ze-Anti-Rust: Ukubuka konke
I-Anti-Rust Solutions isukela ekuvuthweni okuvikelayo ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto zokumelana ne-cororion. I-Galvanization, ngokwesibonelo, ifaka ukusebenzisa i-zinc coating kwensimbi ukuvikela ukugqwala. Imikhiqizo efana namakhoyili ensimbi ye-galvanized namashidi asetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni nasekukhiqizeni ngenxa yokuqina kwawo okuthuthukile.
Ukumboza izimbotshana
I-Coatings isebenza njengesithiyo esingokomzimba phakathi kwezinto zensimbi nezilonakalisayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi upende, ama-epoxies, kanye nezingubo ezikhethekile ezifana ne-powder coating. Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe be-coating iholele ekuthuthukisweni kwemikhiqizo enikezela ngezikhathi ezinde zokuvikela kanye nokumelana okungcono kwemvelo.
Ama-alloys amelana ne-corrosion
Izinto ezifana nensimbi engenasici kanye ne-aluminium alloys ngokwemvelo ukumelana nokugqwala ngenxa yokwakheka kwamakhemikhali. Ukungezwa kwezinto ezifana ne-chromium ne-nickel kwakha isendlalelo nje sokuthi uvimbela i-oxidation. Ngenkathi lezi zinto zokwenziwa zingabiza kakhulu ngaphambili, isikhathi eside sazo sivame ukucacisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala.
Ukuhlaziywa Komnotho Kokutshalwa Kwezimali Olwayo
Ukwenza ukuhlaziya inzuzo yezindleko kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi inani lokutshala imali yokulwa. Izindleko zokuqala zokwelashwa ezilwa nokugqwala kumele zisindwe ngokumelene nokonga okungahle kube khona kokulungiswa okuncishisiwe kanye nempilo yempahla ende. Ucwaningo lwecala embonini yezeminyaka lubonisa ukuthi ukwamukela izimbambo zokulwa nokukhulisa ezithuthukile kuncishisiwe izindleko zokulungiswa ngo-20% iminyaka emihlanu.
Buyela ekutshalweni kwemali (ROI)
Izibalo ze-ROI zibheka izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi, kufaka phakathi izindleko zokwelashwa kokuqala kanye nokonga okuzayo. Isibonelo, isitshalo sokukhiqiza esifaka ama- $ 100,000 ezimbozweni zokulwa nokugqwala singagcina ama- $ 150,000 ekugciniwe kanye nezindleko zokubuyiselwa emuva kweminyaka eyishumi, ziveza inzuzo ephelele yama- $ 50,000.
Isifundo secala: Imboni yezimoto
Ama-automoker asebenzise kakhulu ukwelashwa okulwa nokugqwala ukuthuthukisa imoto ende yokuphila. Ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi eyenziwe nge-galvanized kwimizimba yemoto kunciphise kakhulu ukwehluleka okuhlobene nokukhulisa. Ngokusho kombiko kaJD Power, izimoto ezinokuvikelwa okuthuthukile okuthuthukile zinenani eliphakeme le-30% eliphakeme ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu uma liqhathaniswa nalabo ngaphandle.
Ukucatshangelwa Kwezemvelo Nezokuphepha
Ukutshala imali ezixazululweni ze-anti-Rust nakho kunezinzuzo zemvelo nezokuphepha. Ukugqwala kungaholela ekuvuzeni kwezinto eziyingozi, ukuthumela izingozi zemvelo. Ukuvimbela izehlakalo ezinjalo ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokulwa nokugqwala kunomthelela ekuvikelweni kwemvelo nokubambelela ezindinganisweni zokulawula.
Ukuhambisana nokulawula
Izimboni zingaphansi kwemithethonqubo egunyaza ukuvikelwa kokugqwala ukuvikela ukungcoliswa kwemvelo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha komphakathi. Ukungalandeli kungaholela ezincekwini ezingokomthetho kanye nomonakalo we-redutational. Ngakho-ke, ukutshalwa kwezimali okulwa nokugqwala akuwona kuphela ukuhlakanipha ngokwezezimali kepha futhi kuyadingeka ekutholeni ngokusemthethweni.
Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe bokulwa nokugqwala
Ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe buholele ezixazululweni ezisebenza ngempumelelo nezingabizi zokulwa. Izambatho ze-nanotechnology - ngokwesibonelo, zinikeza ukuvikela okuphakeme ngezendlalelo ezincanyana. Ukuziphulukisa izimbobo ngolunye ubuchwepheshe obuqhamukayo obungalungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukulimala okuncane, ukugcina ubuqotho bongqimba lokuvikela.
Ubuchwepheshe bokwelashwa komhlaba
Amasu anjengokuguqulwa kwe-laser komhlaba kanye nezindlela zokwelapha ze-plasma zithuthukisa izakhiwo ezingaphezulu ukuze zimelane nokugqwala. Lezi zindlela zingathuthukisa ukunamathela okunama-coation futhi zidale izindawo ezithambekele ekuphendukeni okulimazayo. Ucwaningo olukule ndawo luyaqhubeka, ngemiphumela ethembisayo yezicelo zezimboni.
Imibono
Ochwepheshe kulo lonkelelwa kwezimboni zokumela ukuphathwa kwe-corrosion esebenzayo. Ngokusho kukaDkt Jane Smith, unjiniyela wokugqwala ezixazululweni zeCorrotech,
Umshuwalense kanye nesikweletu
Izinkampani zomshuwalense zinganikeza amaphrimiyamu ancishisiwe ezimpahla ezivikelwe ekubhujisweni, ebona ingozi ephansi yokwehluleka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukungakunaki ukuvikelwa kokugqwala kungaholela esikweletini esandayo uma kwenzeka izehlakalo zezengozi noma izehlakalo zezemvelo, ziphinde zilungiselele ukutshala imali yokulwa.
IZINSELELE NOKUFUNDA
Ngenkathi izinzuzo zicacile, kunezinselelo ezihambisana nokwelashwa okulwa nokubumba. Lokhu kufaka izindleko zokuqala, izinkambiso zohlelo lokusebenza, kanye nesidingo somsebenzi onekhono. Ukukhetha indlela efanele yokulwa nokugqwala kudinga ukucubungula ngokucophelela izimo ezithile zemvelo nezidingo zokusebenza.
Ibhalansi Yenzuzo Yezindleko
Akuzona zonke izixazululo zokulwa nokugqwala ezilungele zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza. Ukuvikelwa kobunjiniyela ngaphezulu kungaholela ezindlekweni ezingadingekile. Kubalulekile ukulinganisela izinga lokuvikelwa ngezindleko, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulungiswa kokutshala imali nokubucayi kwempahla kanye nokuphila okulindelekile.
Ukugcina
Ekuphetheni, ukutshalwa kwezimali ezindleleni zokulwa nokugqwala kuvame ukubiza lapho ubheka ukonga isikhathi eside, ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe, nokuhambisana nokulawula. Izindleko eziphambili zivame ukususwa yisikhathi sokuphila esengeziwe sezimpahla kanye nokugwemeka kokulungiswa okubizayo noma ukushintshwa. Yamukela izixazululo zokulwa nokugqwala njenge Ubuchwepheshe be-Anti-Brust bungaholela ezinhlotsheni ezibalulekile kuyo yonke imboni ehlukahlukene.
Ukuncoma
Amabhizinisi kufanele enze ukuhlolwa kahle ukunquma amasu angenakubiza angenamali kakhulu wokubuka. Ukusebenzisana nochwepheshe boxolo kunganikeza imininingwane ngobuchwepheshe bamuva kanye nemikhuba emihle kakhulu. Ukutshala imali ekuqeqeshweni kwabasebenzi ukuze kulungiswa uhlelo lokusebenza olufanele kanye nokunakekelwa kokwelashwa okulwa nokugqwala nakho kubalulekile ukuze kwandise izinzuzo.
