Abathengi abaninzi bawela kwintsomi yobunjineli yeentsimbi 'zobungqina bokurusi'. Ubunyani besayensi bulula kakhulu kuba yonke intsimbi ekugqibeleni i-oxidize. Kufuneka sisuse ugxininiso lwethu lusuke kwingcinga yokubini. Yeka ukubuza ukuba isinyithi sakho siya kuhlwa. Endaweni yoko, buza ukuba ungaqikelela kangakanani na kwangaphambili 'Ixesha lokuGcinwa kokuQala' (TFM). Ukwazi eli xesha lichanekileyo kwahlula iiprojekthi zolwakhiwo ezinengeniso enkulu kwiintsilelo ezixabisa kakhulu ebezingalindelekanga.
Eli nqaku lisebenza njengesikhokelo senqanaba lesigqibo kubacacisi kunye nabathengi. Siza kukunceda ukubala ubomi obuyinyani bokusebenza kwezinto zakho. Uya kufunda indlela yokuvavanya idatha yendalo esingqongileyo ngokuchasene nobukhulu bokugquma. Okokugqibela, siza kukubonisa indlela ulondolozo olusebenzayo oluzisa imbuyekezo enkulu kutyalo-mali. Ngokuqonda ezi ziguquko, unokuqikelela ngokuzithemba ukusebenza kwaye ukhusele umgca wakho ophantsi.
Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha
Ukuqikelelwa koBomi: Kwiimeko zeatmospheri eziqhelekileyo, i-85 µm yokwambathisa i-zinc ikholisa ukunika iminyaka engama-85+ yenkonzo engahlawulelwayo yokulungisa (incipha malunga ne-1 µm ngonyaka).
Iziphindaphindi zeNdalo: Iindawo eziselunxwemeni ezinetyuwa eninzi kunye nemimandla yemizi-mveliso ene-sulphur dioxide enzima (SO2) inokukhawulezisa ilahleko ye-zinc ukuya kwi-5–8 µm ngonyaka, inciphisa kakhulu ubomi bokuphila.
Iingcamango ezingezizo eziBonakalayo: Ukuguquka kombala (i-rust emhlophe) luphawu lwe-zinc layer esebenza ngokuchanekileyo, kungekhona ukungaphumeleli kwesakhiwo sentsimbi yesiseko.
Iindleko zokungasebenzi: Ulondolozo olusebenzayo luxabisa malunga ne-1/20 yeendleko zizonke zokutshintsha, okwenza ukuba ulawulo lomjikelo wobomi lubaluleke kakhulu kwi-ROI yeprojekthi.
I-3-Layer Protection Mechanism: Kutheni iiMvavanyo eziMgangatho ziLahlekisayo
Ukuqonda indlela i-zinc ekhusela ngayo intsimbi kufuna ukujonga ngaphaya komphezulu. Intsimbi yeGalvanized ixhomekeke kwinkqubo yokhuselo enemigangatho emithathu ephucukileyo. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo luhlala lungazihoyi ezi nyaniso zintsonkothileyo zekhemikhali.
1. Ukukhuselwa komqobo
I-molecularly dense zinc coating yenza umqobo womzimba ongenakungena. Ikwahlula ngokufanelekileyo intsimbi ephantsi esengozini ukusuka kumswakama wangaphandle. Ikwathintela i-electrolytes. Oku kwahlulwa komzimba kuthintela ukusabela okusisiseko kwe-oxidation ekuqaliseni.
2. Ukhuseleko lweCathodic (lwedini).
Kwanowona mqobo unzima unokugcina imikrwelo. Yilapho inyaniso ye-electrochemical ithatha khona. I-Zinc isebenza njenge-anode yombingelelo. Ngokwendalo inomsebenzi ophezulu we-electrochemical kunentsimbi. Ingubo ye-zinc iya kugqwala ngokufanelekileyo ukukhusela isiseko sentsimbi. Eli dini elikhuselayo lenzeka nokuba imikrwelo enzulu iveza intsimbi engenanto ngaphantsi.
3. Umaleko wePatina (iZinc Carbonate)
Eyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yokhuselo ithatha ixesha ukuyiphuhlisa. I-zinc esandula ukuvezwa isabela ngokusebenzayo kwindawo yayo. Ifunxa ioksijini, amanzi kunye nekharbon diokside kwisithuba seenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12. Le nkqubo icothayo yemichiza yenza umaleko oqinileyo we-zinc carbonate onganyibilikiyo obizwa ngokuba yipatina. Le patina ivala imingxuma emikroskopu emhlabeni wonke. Inciphisa ngokukhawuleza ukwehla ngakumbi kwe-zinc.
I-Caveat yoVavanyo: Iimvavanyo ze-Debunking yeSitshizi seTyuwa
Abathengi kufuneka bahlale bethandabuza kakhulu uvavanyo lokutshiza ityuwa olukhawulezileyo. Iilebhu zisebenzisa inkungu yetyuwa eqhubekayo ukulinganisa iminyaka yokuba sesichengeni kwiiveki nje. Nangona kunjalo, oku kufuma okuqhubekayo kuthintela umaleko obalulekileyo wepatina ekubeni usoloko usenziwa. I-zinc ayikhe iqine kwi-zinc carbonate. Ngenxa yoko, olu mvavanyo lukhawulezayo lujongela phantsi kakhulu ukuqina kwehlabathi lokwenyani lwemathiriyeli. Soloko ucela idatha yokuvezwa endle endaweni yokuxhomekeka kuphela kwiziphumo zokutshizwa ngetyuwa.
Ukubala uBomi beNdawo kwiNdawo ezi-4 ezingundoqo
Awukwazi ukuqikelela ubomi bezinto ngaphandle kokuhlalutya indawo yofakelo. Iimeko ezahlukeneyo ze-atmospheric zichaza ngokuthe ngqo ukuba i-zinc layer yokukhusela iya kuphelisa ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.
Uhlobo lokusiNgqongileyo |
Uqikelelo lwe-TFM (Iminyaka) |
I-Catalyst yokuncipha |
Ilahleko yeZinc yoNyaka |
Idolophu nasemaphandleni |
75 – 100+ |
Ukufuma okuqhelekileyo / Ioksijini |
< 1µm |
Iindawo zoShishino |
15 – 30 |
Imvula eneasidi / iSulfur Dioxide (SO2) |
2 – 4 µm |
Unxweme kunye nolwandle |
5 – 15 |
Iikloridi ezisemoyeni (iTyuwa) |
5 – 8µm |
Ukungcwatywa koMhlaba ngokuthe ngqo |
35 – 75 |
Ukufuma / High pH / Microbes |
Iyaguquguquka |
Imo yezulu yasezidolophini neyaseMaphandleni (iminyaka engama-75–100+)
Iimeko ezingqongileyo ezisemgangathweni zangaphandle zinika ubomi benkonzo ende kakhulu. Imithetho yale mihla yokusingqongileyo ikunciphise kakhulu ukukhutshwa kwesulphur dioxide (SO2). Olu nciphiso luye lwandisa ngokuthe tye isiseko sexesha elide leemveliso ezifakwe kwi-zinc. Kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, umoya ococekileyo uvumela i-zinc patina ukuba ihlale izinzile amashumi eminyaka. Abathengi banokulindela ngaphezulu kwekhulu leminyaka yokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwiimozulu ezifanelekileyo.
IiNdawo zoShishino (iminyaka eyi-15–30)
Izicelo zamashishini zijongene neenyani zekhemikhali ezinzima. Imvula eneasidi kunye nezinto ezingcolisa umoya zisebenza njengezinto ezinobundlobongela zokuthotywa komgangatho okhawulezayo. I-sulphur dioxide iyingozi kakhulu. Iguqula i-zinc carbonate patina ekhuselayo ibe yi-zinc sulfate enyibilikayo kakhulu. Imvula ikhukulisa le khompawundi enyibilikayo ngokulula. Isinyithi kufuneka sihlale sisenza iileyile ezintsha ze-zinc, ezikhawuleza izinga lokunciphisa ngokukhawuleza.
Iimeko eziseluNxwemeni naseLwandle (iminyaka emi-5–15)
Ukuba kufutshane kolwandle kwazisa iikloridi ezisebenza emoyeni ezingayekiyo. Iindawo ezinetyuwa eninzi zithintela ngokupheleleyo i-patina yokukhusela ekuzinzeni. Ityuwa iphendula ngokuqhubekayo, ihluthe i-zinc layer. Unokulindela ukuncipha kwe-zinc okuqhubekayo ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-8 µm ngonyaka. Kwiiprojekthi eziselunxwemeni, ukucacisa i-zinc yokuqala ejiyileyo ayixoxisi.
Umhlaba othe ngqo kunye nokuNgcwaba ngaphantsi komhlaba (iminyaka engama-35–75)
Usetyenziso oluphantsi komhlaba lufuna isakhelo sovavanyo olukhawulezayo lokubola komhlaba. Kufuneka uvavanye izinto ezine eziphambili phambi kofakelo:
Ukufuma kunye nokuThuthwa kwamanzi: Isanti ibonelela ngamanzi aphezulu kunye nomngcipheko ophantsi wokuhlwa. Udongwe lubonisa ukugcinwa kokufuma okuphezulu, kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nomhlwa.
Izinto ezibonwayo: Umhlaba obomvu okanye omthubi udla ngokubonisa ukungena komoya okuphezulu kunye nomngcipheko ophantsi womhlwa. Imihlaba engwevu okanye emnyama icebisa ukungena komoya kakubi kwaye inika ingcebiso kwi-aggressive microbial corrosion.
I-Chemical Makeup: Iikloridi eziphezulu, ii-sulfates eziphezulu, kunye ne-pH ephantsi (iimeko ze-asidi) zinyusa ngokubonakalayo amazinga okuhlwa angaphantsi komhlaba.
Ukuchaza iiFomati zeMathiriyeli: Iikhoyili, iiShiti, kunye neeNdawo zoMngcipheko
Indlela owufumana ngayo kunye nowenza ngayo imathiriyeli yakho ichaphazela ngqo ubomi bayo bokugqibela. Iifomathi ezahlukeneyo zithwala imingcipheko eyodwa yokuyila.
Ikhoyili yentsimbi eGalvanized
Ukwenziwa komthamo ophezulu kufuna ukuqikelelwa. Ukuchaza a ikhoyili yentsimbi ekhandiweyo ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezinkulu ngokuqhubekeka kokwenziwa komsebenzi. Imigca yekhoyili yanamhlanje ifikelela kubukhulu obufanayo bokugquma. Oku kungaguquguquki kwenza iikhoyili zibe zilungele ukwenza isitampu esizenzekelayo kunye nemisebenzi yokuqulunqa. Xa ufuna uqikelelo olupheleleyo lwesiseko kumawaka eeyunithi, iikhoyili zizisa eyona mathiriyeli isisiseko ethembekileyo.
Iphepha leNsimbi eliGalvanized
Ukusebenza ngeziqwenga ezisicaba kufuna ukuphathwa ngononophelo. Abaqulunqi kufuneka bajongane nemingcipheko ethile yokuphunyezwa xa besebenzisa a Ishiti lentsimbi . Umzuzu usika, ucheba, okanye ugrumba imathiriyeli, udala imiphetho evelileyo. I-Mechanical sheer forces nayo yazisa i-micro-fractures ecaleni kwemigca yokugoba. Ngelixa ukhuselo lwe-cathodic luya kukhusela ezi ndawo zincinci zityhilekileyo, zihlala zingawona makhonkco abuthathaka kwimfezeko yakho yolwakhiwo.
Ukuphunyezwa koMngcipheko: UkuKhethwa kweFastener
Eyona nto intle yokugquma ehlabathini ayinakusinda kwiindlela zokufakela ezingalunganga. Ukukhetha i-fastener kubalulekile. Ukusebenzisa izikrufu zetsimbi ezingezizo iigalvanized okanye ezingahambelaniyo kwazisa umhlwa okhawulezileyo wegalvanic kwindawo yokugqobhoza. Ukuba ufaka intsimbi engenanto okanye isikrufu sobhedu kwiphaneli egqunyiweyo, ukufuma kuya kudibanisa iintsimbi ezimbini. I-zinc iya kuzincama ngokukhawuleza ukukhusela i-screw engahambelaniyo. Oku kutshatyalaliswa kwendawo kukhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwesakhiwo ngokukhawuleza.
Ukufumanisa ukuMhlwa: Umhlwa oMhlophe vs. Umhlwa oBomvu
Ukuhlola okubonwayo kudla ngokubangela uloyiko olungeyomfuneko. Kufuneka ufunde ukwahlula phakathi kweenkqubo eziqhelekileyo zeekhemikhali kunye nokusilela okubalulekileyo.
Umhlwa omhlophe (i-Zinc oxide)
Abahloli abaninzi baphosisa umhlwa omhlophe njengomonakalo omkhulu. I-Powdery white buildup yimveliso yendalo ye-zinc oxidizing ngokukhawuleza. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka xa iindawo zihlanganiswe ngokuqinileyo kwindawo efumileyo. Le ntsalela engumgubo ngokungqongqo ngumba wobuhle. Ayibonisi ukuvumelana kwesakhiwo. I-brush elula kunye nesisombululo esincinci sokucoca sinokuyisusa.
Ukutshintsha kombala kuMaleko wengxubevange
Ulwakhiwo lokugquma luquka iileya ezininzi zenguqu. Njengoko umaleko we-zinc ococekileyo wangaphandle uyancipha ngokwendalo, i-iron-zinc alloy layer iyatyhileka. Lo maleko umbindi unokubonisa umbala omdaka kancinci njengoko imozulu. Abantu abaninzi babhidanisa le tint emdaka kunye nokusilela kwesinyithi. Ayithethi ukuba isiseko sentsimbi siyasilela. Umaleko we-alloy usabonelela ngokhuseleko olukhethekileyo lomqobo ngokuchasene nezinto.
Umhlwa oBomvu/oBrown (i-Iron oxide)
I-iron oxide esebenzayo ibonisa ingxaki yokwenene. Sichaza umhlwa obomvu onzulu okanye omnyama njengowona mqobo wokusilela. Imigangatho yeshishini ichaza ukuba 'Ixesha lokuQala kwiNkxaso yokuQala' ikholisa ukuxhokonxa xa ubona i-5% yendawo yomhlwa ebomvu. Ukufikelela kweli nqaku le-5% kubonisa ukuba i-zinc yombingelelo iphelile ngokupheleleyo kwezo ndawo. Intsimbi yesakhiwo ngoku iyancipha ngokusebenzayo kwaye idinga ukungenelela ngokukhawuleza.
Isakhelo sokuLondoloza koBomi (i-ROI Analysis)
Ulawulo lwemathiriyeli ehlakaniphile luguqula iindleko ezingalindelekanga zibe lutyalo-mali olulawulwayo. Ukulinda umhlwa obomvu yimpazamo ebiza kakhulu.
Inyani yoRhwebo
Uqoqosho luthanda kakhulu ulondolozo olusebenzayo kunokutshintshwa okusebenzayo. Inkqubo yogcino olusebenzayo ixabisa malunga ne-5 yeedola kwisikwere semitha. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukulinda ukungaphumeleli kolwakhiwo kubangela iindleko ezipheleleyo zokutshintshwa ezidlula i-$100 ngemitha yesikwere. Ezi ndleko zininzi zokutshintsha zibandakanya abasebenzi ababiza imali eninzi, izithuthi ezinzima, kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi elibi. Ukulawula umjikelo wobomi ngenkuthalo yingqiqo yorhwebo esisiseko.
Isigaba 1 (0–3 iminyaka): Isiseko
Iminyaka emithathu yokuqala ifuna ukuphaphama okulula. Gxininisa imizamo yakho ngokupheleleyo kuhlolo olubonakalayo. Jonga iindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu njengemiphetho esikiweyo, imingxunya enzulu, kunye ne-weld seams. Ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufakelo aluzange luveze iingxabano ezinzima zegalvanic. Bhala nakuphi na ukwenziwa komhlwa omhlophe kwangaphambili kwaye ulungelelanise umjelo wamanzi wendawo ukuba ukudityaniswa kwamanzi kwenzeka.
ISigaba sesi-2 (iminyaka emi-5–10): Ifestile yokuNgenelela
Esi sigaba esiphakathi sichaza ubomi obude beprojekthi. Qalisa ukuhlamba rhoqo ngonyaka ngeli xesha lefestile. Ikloridi esemoyeni kunye nokwakhiwa kwesoti yeshishini ngokukhutheleyo kudla umqobo we-zinc. Ukuhlamba ezi zingcolisi ngamanzi anoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunokunciphisa izinga lokunciphisa i-zinc nge-30% ukuya kwi-50%. Olu ngenelelo lulula, olunexabiso eliphantsi lolula ixesha lakho lolondolozo kakhulu.
ISigaba sesi-3 (iminyaka eyi-10+): Isicwangciso sokuphinda sigqume
Nje ukuba imathiriyeli ingene kwishumi lesibini leminyaka, kuya kufuneka ubeke iliso kumaleko wealloyi ngokusondeleyo. Chaza inkqubo ye-touch-ups yasekhaya. Sebenzisa iipeyinti zokulungisa ezityebileyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu we-zinc kwiindawo ezibonisa ukuguquka kombala omncinci. Ukusebenzisa ezi zinki zityebileyo primers artificially yandisa Ixesha ukuya First Maintenance. Ibuyisela umqobo wedini ngokuchanekileyo apho izinto eziphathekayo ziyimfuneko kakhulu.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukurusa kwesinyithi yinkqubo enokuqikelelwa kakhulu, nenokumetwa ngokwezibalo. Ayizange ibe yinguqu engaziwayo. Ngokuhlalutya ubunzima bokusingqongileyo, unokuqikelela ukuba isiseko sakho siya kusebenza njani kumashumi eminyaka. Utshintsho olubonakalayo njengomgubo omhlophe okanye ukwenza mdaka kancinci ziziganeko eziqhelekileyo, hayi iintlekele ezikhawulezileyo.
Ingqiqo yakho yoluhlu olufutshane kufuneka ixhomekeke kumanani anzima. Cebisa amaqela akho okuthenga ukuba atshatise ubukhulu be-zinc obuchaziweyo ngokuthe ngqo kwinqanaba elilindelekileyo lokuncipha kokusingqongileyo kwindawo yeprojekthi. Ukulinganisa obu bukhulu nge-µm okanye kwi-mils ukuqinisekisa ulungelelwaniso neenjongo zakho zomjikelo wobomi.
Sincoma kakhulu ukubonisana neengcali ze-metallurgy okanye ababoneleli abathembekileyo ngaphambi kokugqiba ukuthenga okuninzi. Yenza imephu yeSiza-iXesha elithile ukuya kubalo loLondolozo lokuQala. Ukuthatha eli nyathelo lohlalutyo kuqinisekisa ukuba iprojekthi yakho ihlala ilungile kwaye iyasebenza ngokwezoqoqosho kwizizukulwana.
FAQ
Umbuzo: Ngaba intsimbi enamazingiweyo iyarusa phantsi kwamanzi?
A: Ewe. Ubomi obuphantsi kwamanzi buxhomekeke kakhulu kumanqanaba e-oksijini, i-pH yamanzi, kunye namazinga okuhamba. Amanzi etyuwa anomhlwa kakhulu kwaye akhawulezisa ukuphela kwe-zinc ngokukhawuleza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amanzi anzima ahlambulukileyo ahlala ebeka izikali zeminerali ezikhuselayo phezu kwesinyithi. Ezi zikali zendalo ze-calcium zinokucothisa i-corrosion kakhulu, zandise ixesha lokuphila eliphantsi kwamanzi.
Umbuzo: Bubuphi ubushushu obubangela ukuba intsimbi enezinki ingaphumeleli?
A: Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kubushushu obugqithisileyo kubeka esichengeni i-coating. Ubume obungaphezulu kwe-392 ° F (200 ° C) ekugqibeleni luya kubangela ukuba umaleko wangaphandle we-zinc uxoke. Oku kuthotywa kwe-thermal kutshabalalisa ukhuseleko lomqobo. Ukusetyenziswa kobushushu obuphezulu, kufuneka ucinge ngolunye unyango olukhuselayo okanye iialloys ezikhethekileyo zobushushu obuphezulu.
Umbuzo: Ngaba intsimbi enezinki ingachukumisa ezinye iintsimbi?
A: Kuya kufuneka uphephe ukunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo neentsimbi ezifanayo. Ukuchukumisa ubhedu, ubhedu, okanye intsimbi engenanto yazisa i-galvanic corrosion, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifumileyo. I-zinc iya kuzincama ngokukhawuleza ukukhusela isinyithi esingahambelaniyo. Ngalo lonke ixesha sebenzisa izigqumatheli ezingasebenziyo ezifana neegaskhi zerabha okanye iiwasha zenayiloni ukwahlula iintsimbi ezifanayo ngokwasemzimbeni.
Umbuzo: Ukufuma okuhambelanayo kuchaphazela njani ubomi obude?
A: Ukufuma kuqhuba inkqubo ye-electrochemical oxidation. Indalo engqongileyo egcina ukufuma okungaguquguqukiyo okungaphezulu kwe-60% ikhawulezisa ukuthotywa. I-condensation eqhubekayo ikhusela umaleko wepatina wokukhusela ukuba wenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iindawo ezomileyo ezinomswakama ophantsi zinokutyhala ngokulula ubomi bezinto ezidlulileyo kwinkulungwane.
