Ngaba intsimbi ekhandisiweyo ngenene-iqinile? Lo mbuzo udla ngokuvela kulwakhiwo nakwimveliso. Intsimbi yegalvanized, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-zinc, inika ikhaka eliqinileyo ngokuchasene nomhlwa. Ukumelana nomhlwa kubalulekile kubomi obude kunye nokuqina kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Kweli nqaku, uya kufunda malunga nenkqubo ye-galvanization, izinto ezichaphazela umhlwa, kunye neengcebiso zokugcinwa kwentsimbi.
Ukuqonda Galvanization
Inkqubo yeHot-Dip Galvanizing
I-Hot-dip galvanizing ibandakanya ukudipha intsimbi ecocekileyo kwi-zinc etyhidiweyo, ifudunyezwe ukuya kuma-450°C (842°F). Ngaphambi kokudipha, intsimbi ingena kumanyathelo okucoca afana nokucocwa nokucolwa ukususa ubumdaka, ioyile kunye nomhlwa. Emva kokuntywiliselwa, i-zinc idibanisa i-metallurgically kwintsimbi, yenza i-coating eqinile, ehlala ixesha elide. Le nkqubo idala iileya ezininzi ze-zinc-iron alloy ene-zinc ecocekileyo, iqinisekisa ukunamathela kunye nokukhusela okugqwesileyo.
I-coating ye-zinc isebenza njengekhuselo, ikhusela umswakama kunye ne-oksijini ekufikeleleni kwintsimbi engaphantsi. Lo mqobo ucothisa ngokubonakalayo umhlwa xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi engagqunywanga okanye intsimbi eqatywe ngepeyinti. Ubukhulu be-zinc layer bunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bentsimbi kunye nobude be-galvanizing kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo busuka kwi-45 ukuya kwi-85 microns, enika ukhuseleko oluhlala ixesha elide.
Ukudityaniswa kwemichiza yeZinc kunye neNsimbi
Ngokungafaniyo nepeyinti, ehlala nje phezu kwentsimbi, i-hot-dip galvanizing iphumela kwi-metallurgical bond phakathi kwe-zinc kunye nentsimbi. Olu bhondi lwenza i-zinc-iron alloy layer ekhethekileyo enzima kwaye ixhathisa ukunxiba. Ukusabela kweekhemikhali ngexesha le-galvanizing kuvelisa isambatho esingenamthungo esiba yinxalenye yendawo yentsimbi, kunokuba i-layer eyongeziweyo.
Esi sibophelelo siqinisekisa ukuba iingubo ze-zinc zihlala zinamathele ngokuqinileyo, naphantsi koxinzelelo lomatshini okanye ukuvezwa kwendalo. Ikwathintela ukuba amanzi kunye neoksijini ingangeni, nto leyo ebalulekileyo ekuqaliseni ukumila komhlwa. Le ngxubevange yemichiza yimfihlelo emva kokunganyangeki komhlwa kwentsimbi.
Iipropati zokuziphilisa ze-Zinc Coating
Olunye uphawu oluphawulekayo lwentsimbi enamazinki bubuchule bezinc bokukwazi ukuziphilisa. Xa i-coating ye-zinc ihlanjululwe okanye yonakaliswe kancinci, ikhusela intsimbi eveziweyo ngokubola ngokuzincama. I-Zinc isebenza njenge-anode yombingelelo, oku kuthetha ukuba i-corrodes kuqala, ikhusela intsimbi engaphantsi.
Ukongezelela, xa i-zinc isabela ngokufuma kunye necarbon dioxide emoyeni, yenza umaleko oqinileyo, onganyibilikiyo we-zinc carbonate. Lo maleko uvala umphezulu, uthintela ukubola okungaphezulu. Le ndlela yokuziphilisa inceda ukugcina ingqibelelo yentsimbi ngokuhamba kwexesha, nokuba i-coating inomonakalo omncinci.
Le propati ibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezinzima apho imikrwelo okanye i-abrasions ixhaphakile. Ivumela intsimbi ekhandiweyo ukuba inyamezele ixesha elide ngaphandle kokugqwala xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintsimbi ezigqunyiweyo.
Ngaba iRust yentsimbi eyiGalvanized Steel?
Iimeko Okwenzeka Ngaphantsi Kwabo Umhlwa
Intsimbi yegalvanized igqunywe nge-zinc, ekhusela intsimbi engaphantsi ngokuthintela ukufuma kunye neoksijini ekubangeleni umhlwa. Nangona kunjalo, ayikhuselekanga ngokupheleleyo kumhlwa. Umhlwa unokubumba ukuba i-zinc coating iyaguga okanye yonakaliswe, iveze intsimbi engaphantsi.
Iindawo ezithile ezisingqongileyo ziyayikhawulezisa le nkqubo. Ukufuma okuphezulu ngaphezu kwe-60% okuhlala kufumaneka kwiindawo ezitshisayo okanye kwi-greenhouse kunokubangela ukuba umaleko we-zinc uqhekeke ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ityuwa, ngakumbi kwiindawo zaselwandle okanye eziselunxwemeni, ikhawuleza ukubola kuba inyibilikisa i-zinc carbonate layer ekhuselayo. Ukumanzisa rhoqo, njengakwiindawo zokuhlambela iimoto okanye kwimozulu enemvula, nako kucela umngeni ukuqina kwengubo.
Izingcolisi ezifana ne-sulphur dioxide kwimimandla yasezidolophini okanye i-hydrogen sulfide kufuphi neentaba-mlilo nemijelo ehambisa amanzi amdaka inokuhlasela i-zinc ngemichiza, yenze buthathaka ukhuseleko lwayo. I-alkalis enamandla efunyenwe kwizinto ezifana ne-samente yasePortland inokonakalisa i-coating ukuba intsimbi idibene nezinto ezinjalo. Nokuba i-moss okanye i-lichen ekhulayo phezu komhlaba inokubamba umswakama, idale i-microclimate ekhuthaza ukubola.
Ukuthelekisa nezinye iiCoatings
Xa kuthelekiswa nepeyinti, intsimbi enezinki inika ukhuseleko olude lomhlwa. Ipeyinti ihlala phezu komhlaba kwaye iyakwazi ukukrazula okanye ixoke, ivumela amanzi ukuba afikelele kwintsimbi ngokukhawuleza. I-galvanizing yenza ibhondi ye-metallurgical, eyenza i-coating inxalenye yentsimbi ngokwayo.
Ukugquma umgubo kolunye ukhetho, oluhlala lusetyenziswa phezu kwentsimbi enezinki ukuze ungeze umbala kunye nokhuseleko olongezelelweyo. Ihlala ixesha elide kunepeyinti kwaye inceda ukwandisa ubomi bentsimbi, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinzima.
Nangona kunjalo, akukho ukutyabeka kunokuhlala ngonaphakade. Intsimbi eyenziwe ngegalvanized ihlala iminyaka engama-50 okanye ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba umhlwa ube yinkxalabo, ipeyinti ehlala kude iyodwa.
Ukuqina kwexesha elide
Izinki zentsimbi ezenziwe ngesinyithi zidla ngokucotha kakhulu kunentsimbi, malunga ne-1/30 yomlinganiselo. Ukuziphilisa kwayo kuthetha ukuba imikrwelo emincinci ayiyi kukhokelela kumhlwa ngoko nangoko. I-Zinc i-corrodes ngokuzincama, ikhusela intsimbi engaphantsi kuze kube yilapho i-zinc layer iphelile.
Ubunzima bomgca we-zinc budlala indima enkulu ekuzinzeni. Iingubo ezityebileyo zibonelela ngokhuseleko olude. Imigangatho yoshishino efana ne-ASTM A123 ichaza ubungqingqwa obuncinane bokuqinisekisa ubomi obude.
Kwiindawo ezininzi, iintsimbi ezifakwe igalvanized zihlala zingenamhlwa amashumi eminyaka. Nakwindawo ezonakalisayo, igqwesa ezinye iisambatho ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhlola rhoqo kunceda ukubamba umonakalo kwangethuba, ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwerusi.
Ukwandisa ubomi bentsimbi, khetha iimveliso ezineengubo ze-zinc ezidibana okanye ezidlula imigangatho ye-ASTM A123 kwaye uqwalasele iingubo ezongezelelweyo zokukhusela kwiindawo ezinobungozi kakhulu.
Izinto Eziphembelela umhlwa kwiNtsimbi eneGalvanized
Iimeko zokusingqongileyo
Ukumelana nentsimbi yegalvanized kumhlwa kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwindawo yayo. Umoya owomileyo, ococekileyo unceda ukugcina i-zinc coating yomelele kwaye isebenza kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, xa ubonakaliswe kumoya omanzi okanye ongcolileyo, i-zinc layer inokuncipha ngokukhawuleza. Imimandla yemizi-mveliso enezinto ezingcolisa i-sulphur dioxide ikhawulezisa ukubola ngokusabela ngokwekhemikhali kunye ne-zinc coating. Ngokufanayo, imvula eneasidi, equlethe iiasidi ezinyibilikileyo ezisuka kungcoliseko, inokuwohloka umaleko we-zinc okhuselayo ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Iimeko zomhlaba nazo zibalulekile. Xa kungcwatywa intsimbi yegalvanized, uhlobo lomhlaba luchaphazela ukudleka. Umhlaba omanzi nonodaka otyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo okanye iityuwa zikhuthaza ukubola kwe-zinc ngokukhawuleza kunomhlaba owomileyo, onesanti. Ubushushu budlala indima. Ngelixa i-zinc inyibilika kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu (malunga ne-420 ° C), ukushisa okuqhelekileyo kwendalo akusayi kulimaza, kodwa kudibaniswa nokufuma kunye nokungcola, ubushushu bunokukhawuleza ukubola.
Impembelelo yokufuma kunye neTyuwa
Ukufuma okungaphezulu kwe-60% yinto eqhelekileyo ekuqhekekeni kwe-zinc coating. Amanqanaba aphezulu okufuma athetha ukuba i-zinc iphendula ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamanzi kunye ne-oxygen, yenza i-zinc carbonate ekhusela intsimbi. Kodwa ukumanzi rhoqo, njengakwimozulu eshushu okanye kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo, kubangela ukuba i-zinc carbonate layer iguge, iveze intsimbi engaphantsi.
Ityuwa, ingakumbi ephuma elwandle okanye kwindawo engaselunxwemeni, iyingozi kakhulu. Amanzi etyuwa anyibilikisa i-zinc carbonate layer protective ngokukhawuleza. Amasuntswana etyuwa emoyeni nawo ahlala phezu komhlaba, atsale ukufuma kwaye enze iindawo ezincinci apho umhlwa unokuqalisa khona. Oku kwenza intsimbi efakwe amazimba kufuphi neelwandle okanye amachibi etyuwa asengozini yokurhala.
Ukonakala koomatshini kunye neziphumo zayo
Umonakalo obonakalayo kwintsimbi enefuthe kakhulu ukuxhathisa umhlwa. Imikrwelo, izibonda, okanye imivumbo ingaphula i-zinc coating, iveze intsimbi engenanto. Ngelixa ipropathi yokuziphilisa ye-zinc inceda ngokubola ngokuzincama ukukhusela intsimbi, umonakalo omkhulu okanye onzulu uyawoyisa obu buchule.
Iimpembelelo zoomatshini eziphindaphindiweyo, ezifana nezixhobo, izithuthi, okanye inkunkuma yokusingqongileyo, inokuwohloka umaleko we-zinc. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, oku kukhokelela ekubeni kubekho amabala omhlwa kwiindawo ezonakeleyo. Kwakhona, ukuba intsimbi enezinki idityaniswe nemathiriyeli efana nesamente okanye udaka olunealkalis ezomeleleyo, i-zinc yokwambathisa inokonakala ngokukhawuleza, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezonakeleyo.
Xa usebenzisa intsimbi ngaphandle, qwalasela imiba yokusingqongileyo yendawo efana nokufuma, ukuba sesichengeni setyuwa, kunye nomonakalo onokuthi ube ngoomatshini, kwaye ukhethe iingubo ezityebileyo zezinki ukuze zimelane nale mingeni yokhuseleko olude lomhlwa.
Izinto eziluncedo zokuSebenzisa iNtsimbi yeGalvanized
Iindleko-Ukusebenza
Insimbi ene-galvanized inikezela ngesisombululo esinexabiso eliphezulu kwiiprojekthi ezininzi. Iindleko zokuqala ze-galvanizing ye-hot-dip galvanizing ngokubanzi ziphantsi kunezo zensimbi ezingenasici okanye ezinye izinyithi ezinganyangekiyo. Ekubeni i-zinc ikhusela isinyithi iminyaka emininzi, iyanciphisa isidingo sokutshintshwa rhoqo okanye ukulungiswa. Obu bubude bobomi buthetha ixesha elincinane lokuphumla kunye neendleko eziphantsi zolondolozo, ukonga imali kubomi benkonzo yonke bentsimbi. Ukongeza, ukwenza igalvanizing yinkqubo ekhawulezayo enokuthi yenziwe ngobuninzi, iyenze ibe noqoqosho kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu.
Ukunyangwa koMhlwa kwiiNdawo ezohlukeneyo
Olunye lolona ncedo lukhulu lwentsimbi yentsimbi kukumelana nokugqwesa kwayo okugqwesileyo kwiindawo ngeendawo ezahlukeneyo. I-zinc yokwambathisa isebenza njengesithintelo esomeleleyo ngokuchasene nokufuma, ioksijini, kunye nongcoliseko. Isebenza kakuhle kwiindawo zasezidolophini, ezisemaphandleni, nakwimizi-mveliso, ikhusela intsimbi kumhlwa kunye nokuthotywa. Kwiindawo ezingqonge unxweme okanye zaselwandle, umaleko we-zinc uyacothisa ukubola nokuba ubekwe kumoya wetyuwa okanye isitshizi samanzi olwandle. Oku kuhlala kwenza isinyithi esinezinki ezifanelekileyo kwizicelo ezivela kwiibhulorho kunye nezakhiwo ukuya kwizixhobo zezolimo kunye nezixhobo zangaphandle.
Ubomi obude kunye noLondolozo oluphantsi
Insimbi ene-galvanized iyaziwa ngobomi bayo benkonzo ende, ihlala idlula iminyaka engama-50 phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo. Ipropathi yokuziphilisa ye-coating ye-zinc inceda ukugcina ukhuseleko nokuba ikhutshwe okanye yonakaliswe kancinci. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukunxitywa okuncinci akusayi kukhokelela ngokukhawuleza kumhlwa, ukwandisa ubomi obuluncedo bentsimbi. Ngenxa yolu kuqina, intsimbi enesitayile ifuna ukulungiswa okuncinci xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi epeyintiweyo okanye engalungiswanga. Ukucocwa kwamaxesha athile kunye nokuhlolwa kudla ngokwaneleyo ukuyigcina ikwimo entle, ukunciphisa abasebenzi kunye neendleko zokugcina ixesha elide.
Icebiso: Khetha intsimbi enezinki zokugquma intlanganiso ye-ASTM A123 okanye imigangatho elinganayo yokuqinisekisa ukuxhathisa kokugqwala okugqwesileyo kunye nokugcinwa kweendleko zexesha elide.
Iingcebiso zokugcina iNtsimbi eneGalvanized
Iindlela zokucoca rhoqo
Ukugcina intsimbi ekhandisiweyo icocekile ngundoqo ekugcineni ukuxhathisa kwayo komhlwa. Ubumdaka, ubumdaka, nezinto ezingcolisayo zinokubamba ukufuma, nto leyo enyusa umhlwa. Sebenzisa isepha ethambileyo okanye isicoci esixutywe namanzi ukuze uhlambe ngobunono umphezulu. Iibrashi ezithambileyo okanye amalaphu asebenza kakuhle ukunqanda ukukrwela i-zinc coating. Emva kokucoca, hlambulula kakuhle ngamanzi acocekileyo ukuze ususe nayiphi na intsalela, uze womise umphezulu ngelaphu elithambileyo okanye uvumele ukuba umoya wome. Ukucoca rhoqo kuthintela i-buildup enokunciphisa i-zinc layer yokukhusela.
Ukuhlola kunye noLawulo lomonakalo
Ukuhlola rhoqo kunceda ukubamba iimpawu zokuqala zomonakalo okanye umhlwa. Gxininisa kwiindawo ezithanda ukunxiba, njengemiphetho, iijoyinti, okanye iindawo ezivezwe kuchaphazeleko lomatshini. Jonga imikrwelo, iitshiphusi, okanye amabala erusa. Ukuba ufumana nawuphi na umonakalo, yenza ngokukhawuleza. Amabala omhlwa amancinci anganyangwa ngesiguquli serust ukunqanda umhlwa. Emva koko sebenzisa i-primer ecebileyo ye-zinc okanye i-cold galvanizing compound ukuze ubuyisele ukhuseleko. Ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza kuthintela umhlwa ukuba usasazeke kwaye kukhusela ixesha elide lentsimbi.
Ukunqanda iindlela zokuCoca ngeAbrasive
Ziphephe izixhobo zokucoca ezirhabaxa ezifana noboya bentsimbi, iibrashi zocingo, okanye umgubo orhawukileyo. Ezi ziyakwazi ukukrwela okanye zigubungele phantsi i-zinc coating, iveze intsimbi engaphantsi. Iiwasha zamandla kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngononophelo; Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lungonakalisa umphezulu. Endaweni yoko, khetha iindlela zokucoca ezinobunono ezigcina ingqibelelo yomaleko wegalvanized. Ukusebenzisa izinto ezithambileyo kunye nezisombululo ezinobulali kuqinisekisa ukuba iingubo zihlala ziqinile kwaye zisebenza ngexesha.
Cwangcisa ukucoca rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa kwentsimbi, kwaye soloko usebenzisa izixhobo zokucoca ngokuthambileyo ukugcina i-zinc yokukhusela yokukhusela kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo obungenamhlwa.
Usetyenziso lweNtsimbi yeGalvanized
Ulwakhiwo kunye neZiseko zoPhuhliso
Insimbi ye-galvanized iyona nto ikhethwa kakhulu kulwakhiwo kunye neziseko zophuhliso ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwisakhelo sezakhiwo, iibhulorho, ukufulela, kunye nemiqadi yenkxaso. Ingubo ye-zinc ikhusela isinyithi kwi-exposure yemozulu, ukunciphisa i-corrosion kwiindawo zangaphandle. Oku kwenza ukuba intsimbi ye-galvanized ibe yindleko kwiiprojekthi zexesha elide, ukunciphisa ukugcinwa kunye neemfuno zokutshintshwa.
Ngokomzekelo, iintsimbi zokugada koohola bendlela neepali zokukhanyisa ezitalatweni zidla ngokusebenzisa amazinki ngenxa yokuba ziyakwazi ukumelana nemvula, ikhephu, nongcoliso ngaphandle kokuvuthwa ngokukhawuleza. Amandla ayo kunye nokumelana nokubola kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwiminyaka emininzi.
Izixhobo zezoLimo nezangaphandle
Kwezolimo, isinyithi esine-galvanized siyimfuneko kwizixhobo ezivezwe kwiimeko ezinzima. Iingcingo, amasango, i-silos, kunye neenkqubo zokunkcenkceshela zizuza kumaleko we-zinc okhuselayo. Ezi zakhiwo zijongene nokufuma, iikhemikhali zomhlaba, kunye nokuguga koomatshini, konke oku kunokubangela umhlwa kwintsimbi engalungiswanga.
Insimbi ene-galvanized imelana nale mingeni, igcina ingqibelelo yesakhiwo kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa. Ifenitshala yangaphandle kunye nezixhobo zebala lokudlala nazo zisebenzisa intsimbi enamazinki okunyamezela ilanga, imvula, kunye nokusetyenziswa rhoqo ngaphandle kokugqwala.
Amacandelo ezoThutho naMandla
Iziseko zezothutho, ezifana nemizila kaloliwe, iinqaba zothutho, kunye nefreyimu yezithuthi, zixhomekeke kwintsimbi enamazinki ukuxhathisa umhlwa. I-zinc coating inceda la macandelo ukuba ahlale ixesha elide nangona evezwe kwimozulu kunye neetyuwa zendlela.
Kwicandelo lamandla, intsimbi ekhandisiweyo ixhasa iingcingo zombane, iiinjini zomoya, kunye nezixhobo zeoyile. Ezi zicelo zifuna imathiriyeli ekwazi ukumelana nemo engqongileyo egqithisileyo, kubandakanywa isitshizi setyuwa elunxwemeni kunye nongcoliseko lwemizi-mveliso. Ubuchule bentsimbi yokuxhathisa umhlwa bongeza ubomi bezi mpahla zibalulekileyo, kuphuculwe ukhuseleko kunye nokwehliswa kweendleko zokugcina.
Xa ukhetha intsimbi ekhandiweyo yokusetyenziswa kwangaphandle okanye kwimizi-mveliso, khetha iimveliso ezihambelana ne-ASTM A123 okanye imigangatho elinganayo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo kunye nokuphila ixesha elide kwizicelo ezifunayo.
Ukuqukumbela
Intsimbi ye-galvanized inikezela ngokugqwesileyo kokumelana nokugqwala ngenxa yokugquma kwayo kwe-zinc, esebenza njengesithintelo sokukhusela. Iyabiza, ihlala ixesha elide, kwaye ifanelekile kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ulwakhiwo, ulimo kunye nothutho. I-zinc coating iyaziphilisa xa yonakalisiwe, yandisa ubomi bentsimbi. Njengoko amashishini aqhubeka efuna izinto ezinokwethenjelwa, isinyithi esinamavili sihlala sisona sikhetho esiphezulu kwiiprojekthi zexesha elide. I-Sino Steel inikezela ngeemveliso zetsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu, eziqinisekisa ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo kunye nexabiso lezicelo ezahlukeneyo.
FAQ
Umbuzo: Ngaba i-Galvanized Steel-rust-proof?
IMPENDULO: Intsimbi eyiGalvanized ayingobungqina bomhlwa ngokupheleleyo kodwa inika ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo ngenxa yokwalekwa kwayo kwe-zinc, ekhusela intsimbi kubumanzi nakwioksijini.
Q: Ihlala ixesha elingakanani intsimbi yentsimbi phambi kokurusa?
IMPENDULO: Intsimbi yeGalvanized ingahlala ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 ngaphandle kokugqwala kwindawo engonakalisiyo, ngenxa yokwaleka kwayo i-zinc eyomeleleyo.
Umbuzo: Kutheni i-Galvanized Steel ikhethwa kulwakhiwo?
A: Intsimbi yeGalvanized ithandwa ngenxa yeendleko zayo, ukuqina kwexesha elide, kunye nokumelana nokugqwesa okuphezulu, oko kuyenza ilungele ukwakhiwa.
Umbuzo: I-Galvanized Steel ithelekiswa njani nentsimbi epeyintiweyo?
A: Ngokungafaniyo nentsimbi epeyintiweyo, i-Galvanized Steel yenza i-metallurgical bond kunye ne-zinc, inika ukhuseleko oluzinzileyo kunye noluhlala ixesha elide.
