Ingabe insimbi eyakhiwe ngensimbi engagqwali ngempela? Lo mbuzo uvame ukuvela ekwakhiweni nasekukhiqizeni. Insimbi ephehliwe, eyaziwa ngokumboza i-zinc, inikeza isihlangu esiqinile ngokumelene nokugqwala. Ukumelana nokugqwala kubalulekile ukuze kuphile isikhathi eside futhi kuqine ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda mayelana nenqubo yokufaka ama-galvanization, izici ezithonya ukugqwala, namathiphu okulungisa izinsimbi.
Ukuqonda Galvanization
Inqubo Ye-Hot-Dip Galvanizing
I-hot-dip galvanizing ihlanganisa ukucwilisa insimbi ehlanzekile ku-zinc encibilikisiwe, eshiselwe cishe ku-450°C (842°F). Ngaphambi kokucwiliswa, insimbi ingena ezinyathelweni zokuhlanza njengokukhipha amafutha nokucosha ukuze isuse ukungcola, uwoyela nokugqwala. Uma isicwilisiwe, i-zinc iboshelwa ensimbi, yenze uqweqwe oluqinile, oluhlala isikhathi eside. Le nqubo idala izingqimba eziningana ze-zinc-iron alloy efakwe i-zinc ehlanzekile, iqinisekisa ukunamathela nokuvikelwa okuhle kakhulu.
I-zinc coating isebenza njengesihlangu, ivimbela umswakama nomoya-mpilo ekufinyeleleni insimbi ngaphansi. Lesi sivimbelo sehlisa ukugqwala ngokuphawulekayo uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi engamboziwe noma insimbi enopende. Ugqinsi lwesendlalelo se-zinc bungahluka kuye ngosayizi wensimbi nobude be-galvanizing kodwa ngokuvamile busukela kuma-microns angu-45 kuya kwangu-85, okunikeza ukuvikeleka okuhlala isikhathi eside.
I-Chemical Bonding yeZinc nensimbi
Ngokungafani nopende, ovele uhlale phezu kwensimbi, i-hot-dip galvanizing iphumela kusibopho se-metallurgical phakathi kwe-zinc nensimbi. Lesi sibopho sakha ungqimba oluyingqayizivele lwe-zinc-iron alloy oluqinile futhi olumelana kakhulu nokugqoka. Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngesikhathi sokwenza uthayela kuveza ukunamathela okungenamthungo okuba yingxenye yobuso bensimbi, kunokuba kube ungqimba olungeziwe.
Lesi sibopho siqinisekisa ukuthi ukugqoka kwe-zinc kuhlala kunamathele ngokuqinile, ngisho nangaphansi kokucindezeleka komshini noma ukuchayeka kwemvelo. Iphinde ivimbele amanzi nomoya-mpilo ekungeneni, okubalulekile ukuze kuqalwe ukugqwala. Lokhu kuhlangana kwamakhemikhali kuyimfihlo yokumelana nokugqwala okuphakeme kwensimbi.
Izakhiwo zokuziphilisa ze-Zinc Coating
Isici esisodwa esiphawulekayo sensimbi ethathiwe ikhono le-zinc lokuzilapha. Lapho i-zinc enamathelayo iklwejwa noma ilimele kancane, ivikela insimbi eveziwe ngokugqwala ngokuzidela. I-Zinc isebenza njenge-anode yomhlatshelo, okusho ukuthi igqwala kuqala, ivikela insimbi engaphansi.
Ukwengeza, lapho i-zinc ihlangana nomswakamo ne-carbon dioxide emoyeni, yenza ungqimba oluqinile, olungancibiliki lwe-zinc carbonate. Lolu ngqimba luvala indawo engaphezulu, luvimbele ukugqwala okwengeziwe. Lo mshini wokuziphilisa usiza ukugcina ubuqotho bensimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho noma i-coating inomonakalo omncane.
Lesi sakhiwo sibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinokhahlo lapho kuvame ukuklwebheka noma imihuzuko. Ivumela insimbi ethathiwe ukuthi ihlale isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokugqwala uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinsimbi eziboshiwe.
Ingabe i-Galvanized Steel Rust?
Izimo Okwenzeka Ngaphansi Kwabo Ukugqwala
Insimbi engaphekiwe imbozwe nge-zinc, evikela insimbi ngaphansi ngokuvimbela umswakama nomoya-mpilo ukuthi ungabangeli ukugqwala. Nokho, ayivikelekile ngokuphelele ekugqwaleni. Ukugqwala kungakheka uma i-zinc coating iguga noma yonakaliswa, iveze insimbi ngaphansi.
Izindawo ezithile ziyasheshisa le nqubo. Umswakama ophezulu ngaphezu kuka-60% ovame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo noma ezibamba ukushisa kungabangela ungqimba lwezinc ukuba lubhidlize ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Usawoti, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasolwandle noma ezisogwini, usheshisa ukugqwala ngoba uncibilikisa ungqimba oluvikelayo lwe-zinc carbonate. Ukumanzisa njalo, njengalapho kugezwa khona izimoto noma ezindaweni ezina imvula, nakho kubekela inselele ukuqina kwengubo.
Izinto ezingcolisayo ezinjenge-sulphur dioxide ezindaweni zasemadolobheni noma i-hydrogen sulfide eduze nezintaba-mlilo namapayipi endle zingahlasela i-zinc ngamakhemikhali, zenze buthaka isivikelo sayo. Ama-alkali aqinile atholakala ezintweni ezifana nosimende wase-Portland angalimaza uqweqwe uma insimbi ixhumene nezinto ezinjalo. Ngisho ne-moss noma i-lichen ekhula phezulu ingabamba umswakama, idale i-microclimate ekhuthaza ukugqwala.
Ukuqhathanisa Nezinye Izingubo
Uma kuqhathaniswa nopende, insimbi ethathiwe ihlinzeka ngokuvikela ukugqwala okude kakhulu. Upende uhlezi phezulu futhi ungakwazi ukucweba noma ukucwecwa, okuvumela amanzi ukuthi afinyelele insimbi ngokushesha. I-galvanizing yakha isibopho se-metallurgical, okwenza ukugqoka kube yingxenye yensimbi ngokwayo.
Ukumboza ngempushana kungenye inketho, evame ukusetshenziswa phezu kwensimbi ethathiwe ukwengeza umbala nokuvikelwa okwengeziwe. Ihlala isikhathi eside kunopende futhi isiza ukunweba impilo yensimbi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.
Nokho, akukho ukunamathela okungahlala phakade. Insimbi ephehliwe ngokuvamile ihlala iminyaka engu-50 noma ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba ukugqwala kube ukukhathazeka, upende ongapheli kakhulu wodwa.
Ukuqina Kwesikhathi Eside
Izinki zensimbi ekhangayo zigqwala kancane kunensimbi, cishe isilinganiso esingu-1/30. Ukuziphilisa kwayo kusho ukuthi imihuzuko emincane ngeke isheshe iholele ekugqwaleni. I-Zinc igqwala ngokuzidela, ivikela insimbi ngaphansi kuze kube yilapho ungqimba lwezinc luphela.
Ugqinsi longqimba lwezinc ludlala indima enkulu ekuqineni. Izingubo eziwugqinsi zinikeza ukuvikeleka okude. Amazinga omkhakha afana ne-ASTM A123 acacisa ubuncane bokujiya ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo ende.
Ezindaweni eziningi, insimbi engagqwali ihlala amashumi eminyaka ingagqwalile. Ngisho nasezilungiselelweni ezonakalisayo, idlula ezinye izimbotshana eziningi. Nokho, ukuhlola njalo kusiza ukubamba umonakalo kusenesikhathi, kuvimbele ukugqwala ukuthi kungasakazeki.
Ukuze ukhulise isikhathi sokuphila sensimbi enamagqabhagqabha, khetha imikhiqizo ene-zinc coatings ehlangabezana noma edlula izindinganiso ze-ASTM A123 futhi ucabangele ezinye izimbobo zokuvikela zezindawo ezigqwala kakhulu.
Izinto Ezithonya Ukugqwala Kwensimbi Enguthayela
Izimo Zemvelo
Ukumelana nensimbi yokugqwala kuncike kakhulu endaweni yayo. Umoya owomile, ohlanzekile usiza ukugcina i-zinc coating injalo futhi isebenza ngempumelelo. Kodwa-ke, lapho kuvezwe emoyeni omanzi noma ongcolile, ungqimba lwezinc lungonakalisa ngokushesha. Izindawo zezimboni ezinokungcola okufana ne-sulphur dioxide zisheshisa ukugqwala ngokusabela ngamakhemikhali nge-zinc coating. Ngokufanayo, imvula ene-asidi, equkethe ama-asidi ancibilikisiwe ekungcoleni, ingaguga ungqimba lwezinc oluvikelayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izimo zomhlabathi nazo zinendaba. Uma kugqitshwa insimbi ewuthayela, uhlobo lomhlabathi lunomthelela ekugqwaleni. Umhlabathi omanzi, onodaka ocebile ngezinto eziphilayo noma usawoti ukhuthaza ukugqwala kwe-zinc ngokushesha kunenhlabathi eyomile, enesihlabathi. Izinga lokushisa lidlala indima futhi. Nakuba i-zinc incibilika ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu (elingaba ngu-420°C), ukushisa okuvamile kwemvelo ngeke kulilimaze, kodwa kuhlangene nomswakama nokungcola, ukushisa kungasheshisa ukugqwala.
Umthelela Womswakama Nosawoti
Umswakama ongaphezu kuka-60% uyimbangela evamile ekuqhekekeni kwe-zinc coating. Amazinga aphezulu omswakama asho ukuthi i-zinc iphendula kaningi ngamanzi nomoya-mpilo, yakhe i-zinc carbonate evikela insimbi. Kodwa ubumanzi obuqhubekayo, njengasezindaweni ezishisayo noma ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, kubangela ukuba ungqimba lwe-zinc carbonate luguge, luveze insimbi engaphansi.
Usawoti, ikakhulukazi ovela ezindaweni zasolwandle noma ezingasogwini, unolaka kakhulu. Amanzi anosawoti ancibilikisa ungqimba oluvikelayo lwe-zinc carbonate ngokushesha. Izinhlayiya zikasawoti ezisemoyeni nazo zihlala phezulu, zihehe umswakama futhi zidale izindawo ezincane lapho ukugqwala kungaqala khona. Lokhu kwenza insimbi ethathiwe eduze nolwandle noma amachibi anosawoti abe sengozini yokugqwala.
Ukulimala Kwemishini Nemiphumela Yako
Ukulimala komzimba ensimbini kuthinta kakhulu ukumelana nokugqwala. Ukuklwebheka, ama-dent, noma imihuzuko kungaphula i-zinc coating, kuveze insimbi engenalutho. Nakuba impahla ye-zinc yokuziphilisa isiza ngokugqwala ngokuzidela ukuze kuvikelwe insimbi, umonakalo omkhulu noma ojulile ungaphezu kwaleli khono.
Imithelela ephindaphindiwe yemishini, njengamathuluzi, izimoto, noma imfucumfucu yemvelo, ingaguga ungqimba lwezinc. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kuholela ekwakhekeni kwamabala okugqwala ezindaweni ezilimele. Futhi, uma insimbi ethathiwe ixhumene nezinto ezifana usimende noma ukhonkolo oqukethe ama-alkali aqinile, ukufakwa kwezinki kungawohloka ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezilimele.
Uma usebenzisa insimbi ethathiwe ngaphandle, cabangela izici zendawo zendawo ezifana nomswakama, ukuchayeka kukasawoti, kanye nomonakalo ongase ube khona emishinini, bese ukhetha izimbobo eziwugqinsi eziqinile ukuze umelane nalezi zinselele zokuvikela ukugqwala okude.
Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa Insimbi Eyisithako
Izindleko-Ngempumelelo
Insimbi eyenziwe nge-galvanized inikeza isisombululo esingabizi kakhulu samaphrojekthi amaningi. Izindleko zokuqala zokufaka i-hot-dip galvanizing ngokuvamile ziphansi kunezensimbi engagqwali noma ezinye izinsimbi ezimelana nokugqwala. Njengoba i-zinc enamathela ivikela insimbi amashumi eminyaka, inciphisa isidingo sokushintshwa noma ukulungiswa njalo. Lesi sikhathi eside sokuphila sisho isikhathi esincane sokuphumula kanye nezindleko zokunakekela eziphansi, ukonga imali kuyo yonke impilo yesevisi yensimbi. Ukwengeza, ukwenza i-galvanizing kuyinqubo esheshayo engenziwa ngobuningi, okwenza kube ukonga kumaphrojekthi amakhulu.
Ukumelana Nokugqwala Ezindaweni Ezihlukahlukene
Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zensimbi enothayela ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu ezindaweni ezihlukene. I-zinc coating isebenza njengesithiyo esiqinile ngokumelene nomswakama, umoya-mpilo, nokungcola. Isebenza kahle ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, emaphandleni, nasezimbonini, ivikela insimbi ekugqwaleni nasekucekeleni phansi. Ezindaweni ezisogwini noma zasolwandle, ungqimba lwezinki lubambezela ukugqwala ngisho nalapho ivezwe emoyeni kasawoti noma isifutho samanzi olwandle. Lokhu kuqina kwenza insimbi enothayela ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa kusukela kumabhuloho nezakhiwo kuya ezintweni zokusebenza zezolimo nezangaphandle.
Ukuphila Isikhathi Eside Nokunakekela Okuphansi
Insimbi eyenziwe nge-galvanized iyaziwa ngokuphila kwayo isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile idlula iminyaka engu-50 ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Impahla yokuziphilisa ye-zinc coating isiza ukuthi igcine isivikelo ngisho noma iklwetshiwe noma ilimele kancane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukugqwala okuncane ngeke kuholele ekugqwaleni ngokushesha, kunwebe impilo ewusizo yensimbi. Ngenxa yalokhu kuqina, insimbi yama-galvanized idinga ukulungiswa okuncane uma iqhathaniswa nensimbi ependiwe noma engalungiswanga. Ukuhlanzwa nokuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile kuvamise kwanele ukuyigcina isesimweni esihle, kunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi nezokugcina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ithiphu: Khetha insimbi enamagqabhagqabha anezinki ehlangana ne-ASTM A123 noma izindinganiso ezifanayo ukuze uqinisekise ukumelana nokugqwala okufanelekile nokonga kwezindleko zesikhathi eside.
Amathiphu Okugcina Insimbi Ephehliwe
Izindlela Zokuhlanza Ezivamile
Ukugcina insimbi ebilisiwe ihlanzekile kuyisihluthulelo sokugcina ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo. Ukungcola, ukungcola, nezinto ezingcolisayo zingabamba umswakama, osheshisa ukugqwala. Sebenzisa insipho ethambile noma okokuhlanza okuxutshwe namanzi ukugeza ngobumnene indawo engaphezulu. Amabhulashi athambile noma izindwangu zisebenza kangcono ukugwema ukunwaya i-zinc coating. Ngemva kokuhlanza, hlambulula kahle ngamanzi ahlanzekile ukuze ususe noma iyiphi insalela, bese usula ubuso ngendwangu ethambile noma uyivumele yome. Ukuhlanza njalo kuvimbela ukunqwabelana okungahle kwehlise ungqimba lwe-zinc oluvikelayo.
Ukuhlola Nokulawula Ukulimala
Ukuhlola okuvamile kusiza ukubamba izimpawu zokuqala zokulimala noma ukugqwala. Gxila ezindaweni ezivamise ukugqokwa, njengamaphethelo, amajoyinti, noma izindawo ezichayeke ekuthintekeni kwemishini. Bheka imihuzuko, ama-chips, noma izindawo zokugqwala. Uma uthola noma yimuphi umonakalo, yenza ngokushesha. Amabala okugqwala amancane angelashwa ngesiguquli sokugqwala ukuze kumiswe ukugqwala. Bese usebenzisa i-primer ecebile nge-zinc noma inhlanganisela ebandayo yokufaka ama-galvanizing ukuze ubuyisele ukuvikeleka. Ukulungisa ngokushesha kuvimbela ukugqwala ukuthi kungasakazeki futhi kuvikela ukuphila isikhathi eside kwensimbi.
Ukugwema Izindlela Zokuhlanza Okubi
Gwema amathuluzi okuhlanza aqinile afana noboya bensimbi, amabhulashi ocingo, noma izimpushana ezinukayo. Lokhu kungaklwebha noma kubhidlize i-zinc enamathela, iveze insimbi ngaphansi. Amawasha kagesi kufanele asetshenziswe ngokuqapha; umfutho ophezulu ungalimaza indawo engaphezulu. Esikhundleni salokho, khetha izindlela zokuhlanza ezithambile ezigcina ubuqotho bongqimba lwamagalani. Ukusebenzisa izinto ezithambile kanye nezixazululo ezithambile kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukunamathela kuhlala kuqinile futhi kusebenza kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Hlela ukuhlanzwa okuvamile nokuhlolwa kwezinsimbi, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi usebenzise amathuluzi okuhlanza amnene ukuze ulondoloze ukunamathela kwayo okuyisivikelo kwe-zinc futhi wandise isikhathi sayo sokugqwala.
Izicelo Zensimbi Eyisithako
Ezokwakha kanye Nengqalasizinda
Insimbi eyenziwe nge-galvanized iyikhethelo eliphezulu ekwakheni kanye nengqalasizinda ngenxa yokuqina kwayo nokumelana nokugqwala. Isetshenziselwa kakhulu izinhlaka zesakhiwo, amabhuloho, ukufulela, nemishayo yokusekela. I-zinc coating ivikela insimbi ekuchayekeni kwesimo sezulu, inciphisa ukugqwala ezindaweni ezingaphandle. Lokhu kwenza insimbi yama-galvanized ingabizi kakhulu kumaphrojekthi esikhathi eside, ukunciphisa ukunakekelwa kanye nezidingo zokushintshwa.
Isibonelo, onogada bomgwaqo onguthelawayeka nezigxobo zokukhanyisa emgwaqweni ngokuvamile zisebenzisa insimbi ethathiwe ngoba zikwazi ukumelana nemvula, iqhwa, nokungcola ngaphandle kokugqwala ngokushesha. Amandla ayo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokwethembeka eminyakeni eminingi.
Izinsiza Zezolimo Nezangaphandle
Kwezolimo, insimbi yama-galvanized ibalulekile emishinini evezwe ezimeni ezinzima. Uthango, amasango, izisele, nezinhlelo zokunisela ziyazuza kungqimba lwezinc oluvikelayo. Lezi zakhiwo zibhekana nomswakama, amakhemikhali enhlabathi, nokuguga kwemishini, konke okungabangela ukugqwala ensimbi engaphekiwe.
Insimbi enama-galvanized imelana nalezi zinselele, igcina ubuqotho besakhiwo futhi inciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula. Ifenisha yangaphandle kanye nezinto zokusebenza zenkundla yokudlala nazo zisebenzisa izinsimbi ukuze zibekezelele ilanga, imvula, nokusetshenziswa njalo ngaphandle kokugqwala.
Imikhakha Yezokuthutha kanye Nezamandla
Ingqalasizinda yezokuthutha, efana nomzila wesitimela, imibhoshongo kaloliwe, namafreyimu ezimoto, incike ezinsimbini ezingagqwali. I-zinc coating isiza lezi zingxenye ukuthi zihlale isikhathi eside naphezu kokuchayeka esimweni sezulu kanye nosawoti womgwaqo.
Emkhakheni wezamandla, insimbi ethathiwe isekela izintambo zikagesi, izinjini zomoya, nezinsimbi zikawoyela. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zidinga izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezimelana nezimo ezibucayi, okuhlanganisa isifutho sikasawoti osogwini kanye nokungcoliswa kwezimboni. Ikhono lensimbi elakhiwe ngothayela lokumelana nokugqwala lelula impilo yalezi zimpahla ezibalulekile, ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kanye nokwehlisa izindleko zokunakekela.
Lapho ukhetha insimbi ethathiwe ukuze isetshenziswe ngaphandle noma embonini, khetha imikhiqizo ethobelana ne-ASTM A123 noma izindinganiso ezifanayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuvikeleka okuphelele nokuphila isikhathi eside ezinhlelweni ezifunwayo.
Isiphetho
Insimbi eyenziwe nge-galvanized inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu ngenxa ye-zinc enamathela, esebenza njengesivikelo sokuzivikela. Ibiza kakhulu, ihlala isikhathi eside, futhi ilungele izindawo ezahlukahlukene, okubandakanya ezokwakha, ezolimo, nezokuthutha. I-zinc enamathelayo iyaziphilisa ngokwayo lapho yonakele, yelula impilo yensimbi. Njengoba izimboni ziqhubeka nokufuna izinto ezinokwethenjelwa, insimbi yama-galvanized isalokhu iyinketho ephezulu kumaphrojekthi wesikhathi eside. I-Sino Steel ihlinzeka ngemikhiqizo yensimbi yekhwalithi ephezulu, eqinisekisa ukuvikeleka okuphelele kanye nenani lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene.
FAQ
Umbuzo: Ingabe i-Galvanized Steel-rust-proof?
IMPENDULO: Insimbi eyiGalvanized ayiqinisekisi ukugqwala ngokuphelele kodwa inikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu ngenxa yokwembozwa kwe-zinc, evikela insimbi kumswakama nomoya-mpilo.
Q: Insimbi Egatiwe ihlala isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokugqwala?
IMP: Insimbi engagqwali ingahlala iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ngaphandle kokugqwala ezindaweni ezingagqwali, ngenxa yokwembozwa kwayo okuqinile kwe-zinc.
Q: Kungani i-Galvanized Steel ikhethwa ekwakheni?
Impe
Q: Insimbi Yensimbi iqhathaniswa kanjani nensimbi ependiwe?
IMP: Ngokungafani nensimbi ependiwe, i-Galvanized Steel yakha isibopho se-metallurgical ne-zinc, ehlinzeka ngokuvikela ukugqwala okuhlala isikhathi eside futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside.
