Chiyambi
Kufunafuna kuzindikira zitsulo zolimba kwambiri kwakhala kayendetse kayendetsedwe kazinthu zaukadaulo m'makampani osiyanasiyana. Kuchokera ku Arossoswace Engideenger Kupanga, mphamvu ya chitsulo Mu kusanthula kokwanira, timasanthula zitsulo zisanu zolimba kwambiri zomwe zadziwika ndi sayansi, zomwe zimayang'ana katundu, mapulogalamu, komanso mfundo za sayansi zomwe zimawathandiza kuti awolotse mphamvu zawo.
Kumvetsetsa zinthu zomwe zimathandizira kuti zitsulo zikhale zofunikira kwa asayansi ndi mainjiniya. Zinthu izi zimaphatikizapo kapangidwe ka atomiki, kulumikizana, komanso kukhalapo kwa owongolera. Zitsulo monga chitsulo zidakhala patsogolo chifukwa cha zomwe ali nazo. Makamaka, Vuto lamphamvu lachitsulo lasintha ukadaulo wamakono popereka malire pakati pa mphamvu, zowongoletsera, komanso kuchita bwino.
1. Tungsten
Tungsten amadziwika kuti ali ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri yachitsulo, yomwe ndi muyeso wa mphamvu yofunikira kuti ikoke kena kake komwe kukusweka. Ndi mphamvu yaubwino pafupifupi pafupifupi 1,510 Megafals (MPA), nangsten amakhala odekha. Malo ake osungunuka ndi kachulukidwe kakupangitsani kukhala yabwino kugwiritsa ntchito zamagetsi, zankhondo, ndi mafakitale a Ansespace.
Katundu wapadera wa zitsulo ndi chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka atomiki ndi zomangira zamphamvu pakati pa maatomu ake. Kutha kwa Tungsten kulimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri popanda kusokoneza kwakukulu kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwazinthu monga injini ya rocked nozzles ndi ma projekiti othamanga kwambiri.
2. Zitsulo
Zitsulo ndi zitsulo zopangidwa makamaka ndi chitsulo ndi kaboni. Kuphatikiza kwa kaboni ndi zinthu zina ngati chromium, nickel, ndi manganese kumawonjezera mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwake. Kutengera ndi kapangidwe kake ndi chithandizo chake, zitsulo zimatha kuonetsa mphamvu ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, Zitsulo zolimba ngati zitsulo zazitali kwambiri zamabizinesi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podula zida zodulira ndi akasupe chifukwa cha kuuma kwawo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo kumapangitsa kuti ikhale mwala wopangidwa ndi kupanga ndi kupanga. Zojambula pazitsulo zopanga, monga kukonza majermo-makina odzikongoletsa, zadzetsa mphamvu zapamwamba, zotsika kwambiri (HSLA) zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimbitsa thupi popanda kulemera.
3. Chromium
Chromium amadziwika chifukwa cha kuuma kwake komanso kukana kututa. Ndi kuuma kwa mohs wa 8.5, Chromium ndi chimodzi mwazitsulo zolimba kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika zitsulo zina kuti ziwateteze ndikusintha mawonekedwe awo. Mphamvu ya Chromium imamangidwa polenga zosapanga dzimbiri, pomwe zimawonjezera kukana kwa Alloy ku oxidation ndi kuwonongeka.
Kuphatikiza kwa chromium kwa chitsulo chocheperako 10.5% pofika misa, kumapangitsa kuti mafuta opyapsere atseke, kupewanso chipongwe china. Izi zimapanga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndizofunikira m'maiko omwe onse olimba ndi kuwonongeka kwa chipolopolo amafunikira, monga mu zida zamankhwala ndi zida zamankhwala.
4. Titanium
Titaniyamu imakhala yofunika kwambiri kuchuluka kwake kwamphamvu kwambiri komanso kukana bwino kwambiri. Ngakhale sanali olimba ngati tungsten, matoto a Titanium amatha kukwaniritsa mphamvu zapakatikati pa 830 MPA ndi 2,070 MPA, pogwiritsa ntchito njira za Alloy ndi kukonza. Kuchulukitsa kochepa kwa Titanium kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwa AeroSoSoce mapulogalamu pomwe ndalama zolemetsa ndizovuta.
Ntchito zachipatala zimapindulanso ndi mizimu ya Titanium. Kukana kwake madzi amthupi kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kuzipeza opaleshoni ndi prostoticcs. Makampani ogulitsa a amospace amagwiritsa ntchito Tivines injini ya ndege, Airframes, ndi sparcraft chifukwa chokhoza kukhala ndi mavuto ake akulu ndi kutentha.
5. Sayansi
Insuls ndi banja la Netral-yochokera ku supermiraums. Amadziwika kuti amatha kukhala olimba mtima popewa kutentha kwambiri, mosazindikira. Ndili ndi mphamvu zopitilira 1,000 MPA, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pantchito monga masamba a Turbine, miyala ya rockes, ndi zida za nyukiliya.
Kuchita kwapadera kwa interses kumayambira kuchokera pakupanga kwawo kupanga chotupa, chokhazikika chokhazikika otuwa otuwa pamphuno kwambiri. Uwu wosanjikiza umateteza zinthuzo kuti zisaukire zina, ndikupangitsa kuti zisakhale bwino m'malo ofunikira pomwe onse kukana kutentha ndi mphamvu yamakina amafunikira.
Kusanthula kufupikitsa kwa zitsulo
Poyerekeza zitsulo izi, ndikofunikira kulinganiza mphamvu zawo zokha komanso zolimbitsa mphamvu zina ngati kuuma, kuwunika. Amakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri, imakhalanso yopanda mphamvu, yomwe imachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe kusinthasintha kumafunikira. Zitsulo, makamaka Zitsulo zolimba ziwonetsero, zimapereka mphamvu yolimba ndi duwa, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zogwira ntchito kwambiri.
Chromium imathandizira kuti zinthu za zitsulo zina kudzera muzoyenda, zimathandizira kuumitsidwa komanso kukana kuwonongeka. Mphamvu yopepuka ya Titanium siyikuyenda bwino, koma mtengo wake wapamwamba ungakhale chinthu chofooka. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwapadera kwa Interses m'magawo ochulukirapo kumalungamitsani kutsika kwake komwe kulephera si njira.
Ntchito M'makampani Amakono
Aerospace ndi chitetezo
Makampani ogulitsa aerospace amafunikira zinthu zomwe zimatha kupirira zipsomphuka ndi kutentha. Titaniyamu ndi zidziwitso zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo a ndege, injini, ndi zida. Mtengo wokwera wa zinthuzi umatha chifukwa cha magwiridwe awo komanso moyo wawo wautali mu ntchito.
Kupita patsogolo kwa metallirgy kwadzetsa chitukuko cha mapewa okwera kwambiri, monga chitsulo chokhwima, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu rockep zotupa ndi zina za adroschete. Izi zitsulo zimapereka mphamvu zazikulu komanso kulimba pambuyo poti mankhwala othandizira kutentha.
Ntchito Zomanga ndi Zomangamanga
Zitsulo zikakhalabe msana wa zomanga zamakono. Kugwiritsa ntchito kumangiriza kumangirira, milatho, ndi zomangamanga zomangamanga sizimasaletsedwa. Kukula kwamphamvu kwambiri, mphamvu zotsika kwambiri zasintha magwiridwe antchito pochepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ndi ndalama.
Zitsulo zosagonjetsedwa, monga nyengo za nyengo, zimakhala ndi zinthu ngati chromium ndi mkuwa. Izi zitsulo zimapanga dzimbiri loteteza lomwe limachepetsa mitengo yambiri, kufalitsa moyo wa zinthu ndikuchepetsa mtengo wokonza.
Makampani Oyendetsa Magalimoto
Kukankha kwa mafuta kumapangitsa kuti bizinesi yamagalimoto ifufuze zopepuka komanso zamphamvu. Zitsulo zolimbitsa thupi ndi zigawo za Titanium zimachepetsa kulemera kwamagalimoto popanda kunyalanyaza. Zithunzi zachitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafelemu agalimoto, zinthu zopangidwa ndi injini, komanso chitetezo ngati chosakanikirana.
Zovala zapamwamba kwambiri (Ahss) zimalola opanga zinthu kuti agwiritse ntchito zowonda pang'ono popewa kukhwima. Izi zimapangitsa magalimoto owala ndi chuma chabwino mafuta ndikuchepetsa mpweya.
Kupita patsogolo kwa metalgulargy
Kafukufuku wopitilira ku Metalligy akupitiliza kukankha malire a mphamvu zachitsulo. Maluso ngati nanoprucrucructirira ndi kuthandizirana ndi zinthu zachilengedwe padziko lapansi ladzetsa chitukuko chopanda zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, ofufuza akufufuzira magalasi azitsulo, omwe amaphatikiza mphamvu ya zitsulo ndi kusintha kwa galasi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo a atorphous atomu.
Gawo lina la kupita patsogolo ndikugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zophatikizika, pomwe zitsulo zimaphatikizidwa ndi ma ceramics kapena ma polima kuti apange zida zomwe zimawonetsera ma ratios apamwamba kwambiri ndi kukana. Zipangizozi zatha kugwiritsa ntchito ku Awespace, chitetezo, ndi makonda azachipatala.
Zovuta ndi Maganizo
Ngakhale kulimba kwa chitsulo ndi kofunikira, mainjiniya ayeneranso kuganizira zinthu zina ngati makina ogwiritsa ntchito, komanso mtengo. Mwachitsanzo, kusokonezeka kwa tungptten komanso kuvuta pakugwiritsa ntchito madzi ambiri ngakhale kuli ndi mphamvu kwambiri. Momwemonso, mtengo wa titanium ndi umunthu sungakhale woletsa ntchito zazikulu.
Zinthu zachilengedwe zimathandiziranso. Kuchotsa ndi kukonza zitsulo izi kumatha kukhala ndi zovuta zachilengedwe. Makampaniwa akusunthira ku machitidwe osakhalitsa, kuphatikizaponso kubwezeretsanso njira zobiriwira zobiriwira.
Chikondi m'tsogolo
Tsogolo la zitsulo zolimba mabodza limapitilira kufufuza komanso chitukuko. Kupambana ku Nanotechnology ndikulonjeza zitsulo zatsopano ndipo kumapangitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina. Kuphatikiza kwa kuphatikiza kwachilengedwe ndi luso lamphamvu kukuthandizira kuti apeze zinthu zatsopano.
Zipangizo monga graphene ndi zida zina zamitundu iwiri zikufufuzidwa chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zapadera ndi zamagetsi. Ngakhale sanali zitsulo, amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi zitsulo kuti apange mitundu ndi magwiridwe antchito.
Mapeto
Kuzindikira zitsulo zapamwamba zisanu zolimba kwambiri zimawunikiranso chitukuko chodabwitsa kwambiri mu sayansi yakuthupi ndi ukadaulo. Zitsulo ngati tungsten, chitsulo, chromium, titanium, ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zirizonse zimathandizira mwatsopano paukadaulo wamakono. Udindo wa Zitsulo zolimba sizingatheke kwambiri, chifukwa zimapereka mphamvu, zothandiza, komanso kusinthasintha.
Monga mafakitale amasintha ndi zovuta zatsopano, zomwe zimafunikira zinthu zolimba, zopepuka, komanso zolimba zimapitilira kukula. Kuyesetsa kwasayansi kwa asayansi padziko lonse lapansi kukuyenda m'njira yotsatira zitsulo zapamwamba zomwe zidzapangitse tsogolo laukadaulo ndi zomangamanga.
