1.Njira yogwiritsira ntchito zitsulo ikupitirizabe kukhathamiritsa, chiwerengero cha zitsulo zogwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani opanga zinthu chikupitirizabe kuwonjezeka, ndipo msika wachitsulo wa China umasonyeza mphamvu ndi zovuta.
2. Chitsulo chonse chachitsulo chafika pachimake, kuchepa kwathunthu ndi njira yosapeŵeka.Kuchokera ku liwiro kupita ku khalidwe, kuchokera ku chiwerengero chonse kupita ku zosiyanasiyana, kusintha kwachindunji kukuchitika.
3. Kukula koyenera ndi chofunikira chosapeŵeka pa chitukuko chapamwamba. Ndikoyenera kulingalira za kufulumizitsa kuyambitsa zolepheretsa mpweya ndikuwunikanso mphamvu ya 'kuthekera' kwa ulamuliro.
4. Ziribe kanthu zachinyengo zingati, kulimbikitsa mwamphamvu kubwezeretsanso zitsulo zobwezerezedwanso nthawi zonse ndiko kusankha koyamba.
5. Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri a zipangizo zachitsulo (mitengo yamtengo wapatali ndi makhalidwe obwezeretsanso) ali kutali ndi kupangidwa kwathunthu ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo danga la 'kukweza zinthu ndi kusintha zinthu' ndilopanda malire ndipo pali njira yayitali yopitira.
Iye ananena kuti makampani zitsulo ayenera kuganizira ntchito yofunika kwambiri: kusintha mphamvu mafakitale ndi unyolo mlingo wa mafakitale. Tsatirani mitu iwiri yayikulu yachitukuko: chitukuko chobiriwira ndi kupanga mwanzeru. Tidzayang'ana pa kuthetsa zowawa za mafakitale akuluakulu atatu: kulamulira kukula kwa mphamvu zopanga, kulimbikitsa ndende ya mafakitale, ndi kuonetsetsa chitetezo chazinthu. Pitirizani kulimbikitsa mayiko amakampani azitsulo aku China
Pakalipano, chuma chambiri chikuyang'anizana ndi zinayi 'kupyola': choyamba, kaya chingathe kuchotsa kudalira malo; chachiwiri, ngati zingatheke kuthetsa vuto la kuchepa kwa phindu m'makampani (kupanga); chachitatu, vuto la kusadya mokwanira likhoza kukhala lalitali; chachinayi, vuto lalikulu lakunja: chotengera kuchokera ku dongosolo lakunja chikhoza kukwezedwa nthawi iliyonse.
'Kupambana' kuyenera kuchita zinthu zazikulu zitatu: choyamba ndikufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga njira yatsopano yachitukuko (kufulumizitsa kukwaniritsidwa kwa sayansi ndi luso lapamwamba komanso kufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga mafakitale amakono); chachiwiri ndi kuyang'ana pa kukulitsa zofuna zapakhomo, makamaka kukulitsa ntchito; chachitatu ndikuyimitsa mwamphamvu kuwira kwa nyumba, koma kufulumizitsa kuthetsa kudalira malo. Ananenanso kuti ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu, kukula kwanthawi yayitali komanso kulimba mtima.
Kuyang'ana m'tsogolomu, amakhulupirira kuti tiyenera kumamatira ku mgwirizano wa organic pakati pa ndondomeko zazing'ono ndi ndondomeko za nthawi yayitali, kumvetsera kwambiri nthawi yayitali, kusintha mawonekedwe, kusintha mawonekedwe, kusintha khalidwe, kuwonjezera mphamvu, 'kulimbikitsa bata ndi kupita patsogolo', kufunafuna kukhazikika pakupita patsogolo ndi kuwuka, ndi kuthetsa bwinobwino zoopsa zomwe zikuchitika ndi kuwuka.
Kuti tithe kulimbana ndi kutsika kwa makampani ndi kusunga ntchito yokhazikika ya mafakitale, tiyenera kulimbikitsa ntchito yathu kuchokera kuzinthu zinayi: Choyamba, kutsatira mosasunthika njira ya chitukuko chapamwamba. Mabizinesi achitsulo ndi zitsulo akuyenera kuchitapo kanthu potengera ntchito yoyambira ndikuwonetsa zatsopano, kusintha zopindulitsa kukhala zopindulitsa zamafakitale, ndikusintha zopindulitsa zamunthu aliyense kukhala zabwino zonse. Kachiwiri, limbitsani kugwirizanitsa, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mkati, ndikutenga njira yodziletsa pamakampani ndi chitukuko chogwirizana. Mabizinesi apamwamba kwambiri pamakampani achitsulo ndi zitsulo akuyenera kuchitapo kanthu, kulimbikitsa kudziletsa pamakampani komanso kugwirizanitsa msika, kukulitsa limodzi kufunikira kwa msika ndi kufunikira, ndikuyesetsa kukwaniritsa zosowa zosinthika. Chachitatu, limbitsani mphamvu zautumiki wa njira zoperekera njira, ndikumanga kuyankha mwachangu, kukhazikika komanso kothandiza kwachitsulo. Chachinayi, limbitsani luso la mafakitale ndi luso la sayansi ndi zamakono, ndikutsatira njira yobiriwira, kusungirako mphamvu ndi kuteteza chilengedwe.
Anaitana mabizinesi achitsulo ndi zitsulo kuti ayankhe kuyitanidwa, kulimbikitsa kudziletsa kwamakampani, kuchepetsa mpikisano wosasamala komanso kupanga kosafunikira kwa hemorrhagic, kuphatikizira mpikisano wapakatikati wazinthu ndi luso laukadaulo, kufulumizitsa kusintha kwapamwamba, kobiriwira, kothandiza komanso kwanzeru, ndikutenga mwamphamvu njira yachitukuko chapamwamba.
Ndemanga ya msika wazitsulo mu 2023 inanena kuti mitengo yachitsulo yapachaka ikupitirizabe kugwa makwerero, zopangira ndi zamphamvu kuposa zitsulo, makampani amapindula ndi otsika atsopano.
Kuyang'ana kutsogolo kwa 2024, ponena za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunja kwa nyanja, zikuyembekezeka kuti zitsulo zakunja zichepetse kuchepa, kusiya malo ogulitsa kunja kwa China ndi ochepa, ndipo dziko la zitsulo zogulitsa kunja linatsika chaka ndi chaka.
Kutengera ndi chilengedwe, GDP yaku China ikuyembekezeka kukula ndi 5.0% pachaka. Kuyika ndalama muzinthu zokhazikika kunakula ndi 4.5%, chitukuko cha nyumba ndi 6%, kupanga ndi 6.8% ndi zomangamanga ndi 7.0%.
Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwapakhomo, kugwiritsira ntchito zitsulo ku China kukuyembekezeka kukhala kosasunthika chaka ndi chaka, mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana akupitirizabe kusintha ndikusintha. Kusintha kwakukulu kwambiri kwa mafakitale kudakali kupereka, kupereka kumatsimikizira phindu, komanso kumatsimikizira mtengo wamtengo wapatali wazitsulo mu 2024. Popanda chithandizo chowonjezereka cha zofuna zapakhomo ndi zakunja, kuchepetsa kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kungasinthe pang'onopang'ono momwe ntchitoyo ikuyendera.
Pankhani ya zopangira, kupanga chitsulo padziko lonse lapansi kukuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka ndi matani 62 miliyoni pachaka, kumwa kumawonjezeka ndi matani 26 miliyoni, kutulutsa kwachitsulo kumakhala kotayirira pang'ono; kukula kwa kupanga malasha kukucheperachepera ndipo kupereka kumakhalabe kotayirira; kupanga coke kumakwera mosalekeza, mtengo ndi wofooka; scrape ikukwera pang'onopang'ono ndipo mtengo umayenda bwino.
Mitengo ya iron ore ikuyembekezeka kusinthasintha pakati pa $90 ndi $100 pa tani mu 2024, zomwe zimafuna kulangidwa mumakampani. Pankhani yazinthu zomalizidwa, ulusi ukuyembekezeka kuyenda pakati pa 4300-4500 yuan / tani. Ngakhale malo ogulitsa ndi ofooka, kufunikira kwa zomangamanga ndikwabwino, chithandizo chamtengo wapatali chikuwonekera, ndipo ulusi ukhoza kuchepa, ndipo kusiyana kwa koyilo mu 2024 kuyenera kusinthasintha mozungulira 100 yuan / tani, kulimbikitsa zofuna zapakhomo, ndipo phindu lachitsulo liyenera kuwonjezeka ndi 100 yuan / tani poyerekeza ndi 2023.
Mtengo wachitsulo ulibe chochita ndi kupezeka ndi kufunikira, ndipo pali zinthu zitatu zazikulu: luso, ndalama ndi zowongolera. Muzitsulo, mitengo imakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zotsatirazi: ndalama sizidzagwa kwambiri chaka chamawa; kulekerera kwamakampani akumunsi kwakhala bwino poyerekeza ndi chaka chino, msonkhano wantchito wachuma udapereka ndondomeko zingapo kuti zikhazikitse kukula kwa chaka chamawa; kutsika kwamakampani kudzatsogolera kudziletsa kwamakampani opanga; ndipo Federal Reserve idzayambitsa ndondomeko yandalama yotayirira.
Kuneneratu kwamitengo, malingaliro ake si achisoni, osasangalala, malo amtengowo adasunthira pang'ono. Akuti mtengo wapakati wa rebar ndi 3900 yuan / ton, ndipo mitunduyo ndi 3500 yuan / ton-4400 yuan / ton. Koyilo yotentha ikuyembekezeka kukwera ndi 100 yuan / tani pamaziko a ulusi, ndipo kusiyana kwa koyilo ndikotsika, makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kupanga koyilo yotentha. Pankhani ya zopangira, malo amtengo wachitsulo akuyembekezeka kukhala 120 US dollars / tani, mtengo wamtengo ukuyembekezeka kukhala 90-140 US dollars / tani, coking malasha akuyembekezeka kukhala 1800-2400 yuan / ton, coke ikuyembekezeka kukhala 1900-2700 yuan / tani. Kumbali ya phindu, kutsika kwapansi sikunathebe, ndipo n'zotheka kuti 50% yazitsulo zazitsulo zikuyembekezeka kutaya ndalama chaka chamawa.
Zaneneratu chaka chamawa rebar mitengo pakati 3900 pafupi, otsika mu 3750 kuzungulira, mkulu mu 4500 kuzungulira. Poyerekeza ndi chaka chino, kusinthasintha kwamitengo kudzakhala kokulirapo komanso kokulirapo.
1. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito zitsulo yakhala ikukonzedwa mosalekeza, chiwerengero cha zitsulo zogwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani opanga zinthu chikupitiriza kuwonjezeka, ndipo msika wazitsulo wa China wasonyeza kulimba mtima.
2. Kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zonse kwafika pachimake, kuchepa kwathunthu ndizochitika zosapeŵeka. Kuchokera pa liwiro kupita ku khalidwe, kuchokera ku voliyumu yonse kupita ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kusintha kwa kuyang'ana kukuchitika.
3. Kukula koyenera ndi chofunikira chosapeŵeka pa chitukuko chapamwamba. Ndikoyenera kulingalira za kufulumizitsa kuyambitsa zolepheretsa mpweya ndikuwunikanso mphamvu ya 'kuthekera' kwa ulamuliro.
4. Ziribe kanthu zachinyengo zingati, kulimbikitsa mwamphamvu kubwezeretsanso zitsulo zobwezerezedwanso nthawi zonse ndiko kusankha koyamba.
5. Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri a zipangizo zachitsulo (mitengo yamtengo wapatali ndi makhalidwe obwezeretsanso) ali kutali ndi kupangidwa kwathunthu ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo danga la 'kukweza zinthu ndi kusintha zinthu' ndilopanda malire ndipo pali njira yayitali yopitira.
Iye ananena kuti makampani zitsulo ayenera kuganizira ntchito yofunika kwambiri: kusintha mphamvu mafakitale ndi unyolo mlingo wa mafakitale. Tsatirani mitu iwiri yayikulu yachitukuko: chitukuko chobiriwira ndi kupanga mwanzeru. Tidzayang'ana pa kuthetsa zowawa za mafakitale akuluakulu atatu: kulamulira kukula kwa mphamvu zopanga, kulimbikitsa ndende ya mafakitale, ndi kuonetsetsa chitetezo chazinthu. Pitirizani kulimbikitsa mayiko amakampani azitsulo aku China.
