Ukudibanisa isinyithi ekhandiweyo kunika umngeni okhethekileyo wokuvelisa. Kuya kufuneka udale i-seam ekhuselekileyo, ehlala ixesha elide ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa i-zinc coating yokukhusela. Ukubeka esichengeni le umaleko wangaphandle kudla ngokuveza isiseko sesinyithi ekuruleni ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusilela kwamalungu kwangaphambi kwexesha. Ewe, ungathengisa ngempumelelo Intsimbi yeGalvanized kwizicelo ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba umphezulu we-zinc ugxotha ii-solders eziqhelekileyo ze-rosin-core, awukwazi ukukuphatha oku njengomsebenzi osisiseko wombane. Inkqubo ifuna ukuguquguquka okucacileyo kwe-asidi kunye nolawulo olungqongqo lobushushu ukwenza ibhondi ye-metallurgical yokwenene.
Eli nqaku lisebenza njengesikhokelo sakho sobuchule sokwenza le ndlela yokujoyina. Siza kuhlolisisa indlela yokukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nokuvavanya izixhobo eziyimfuneko. Uya kufunda nendlela yokwenza yonke inkqubo ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni wokuvezwa ngumsi onetyhefu kakhulu. Ngokuqonda ezi mfuno zezinto eziphathekayo, unokwakha amajoyina athembekileyo, angenamanzi.
Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha
Ukusebenza: I-Soldering iyasebenza kakhulu ekutywinweni okuphantsi koxinzelelo kunye nokudibanisa, ukugcina isiseko sesinyithi singcono kune-welding ephezulu yokushisa.
Izinto eziBalulekileyo: Impumelelo ixhomekeke ekusebenziseni i-zinc-chloride-based liquid flux kunye ne-high-tin alloys (njenge-60/40 okanye 40/60).
Ukhuseleko oluyimfuneko: Ukufudumeza izinki kukhupha imisi eyityhefu; umoya ongqongqo unyanzelekile ukuthintela 'I-Metal Fume Fever.'
Ukulungiselela: Ukulandela izikhokelo ze-ASTM A780 zokucocwa komphezulu akunakuxoxisana ngokunamathela ngokufanelekileyo kwi-solder.
Ukuphonononga i-Soldering vs. Iindlela ezizezinye zeNtsimbi yeGalvanized
Kufuneka umisele iimfuno zoomatshini zelungu lakho phambi kokuba uzibophelele kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo ethile. Zonke iindlela zokujoyina ziphatha uxinzelelo, ubushushu, kunye nokuvezwa kokusingqongileyo ngokwahlukileyo. I-Soldering inika isisombululo esihle kakhulu sokutywinwa kwamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ihlala ingonelanga ngokupheleleyo kwizicelo zesakhiwo sokuthwala umthwalo. Kuya kufuneka uvavanye iimfuno zeprojekthi yakho ngononophelo.
I-Soldering vs. Ukuwelda
Ukuwelda kufuna ukuba ukhulule ngokupheleleyo umaleko we-zinc kwindawo edibeneyo. Ubushushu obugqithisileyo buguqula izinto ezibonakalayo zetsimbi ejikelezileyo. Le nkqubo yobushushu obuphezulu ikwadala iingozi eziyingozi zomsi oyingozi ngexesha lokusebenza. I-Welding ihlala ilolona khetho lungcono kuphela xa ufuna i-high-stress structure joints. Amandla omthungo odibeneyo ahambelana nesiseko sentsimbi ngokwayo.
I-Soldering isebenza kumaqondo aphantsi kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-600 ° F. Obu bushushu busezantsi bugcina ingqibelelo yolwakhiwo esisiseko yomelele. Yenza ibhondi ye-metallurgical eyomeleleyo ngokuthe ngqo kunye ne-coating ye-zinc ekhoyo. Awudingi ukuhluba isinyithi. Oku kwenza i-soldering ilungele izicelo ezifana ne-HVAC ductwork, ukudanyaza kophahla, okanye imisele yemvula yesiko.
I-Soldering vs. I-Adhesives
I-adhesives ye-industrial igwema ukusetyenziswa kobushushu ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuphelisa ngokupheleleyo imingcipheko yomsi oyityhefu kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-thermal. Nangona kunjalo, i-adhesives inikezela ngobuthathaka, iibhondi ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ezi bhondi zeekhemikhali zihlala zithandwa kakhulu ukuthotywa kwexesha. Ukukhanya kwe-UV, ukufuma, kunye nokuguquguquka kweqondo lobushushu kuya kuthi ekugqibeleni kuphule izinto ezincamathelayo. I-Soldering inikeza itywina elisisigxina lesinyithi.
Indlela yokujoyina |
Ubushushu bokusebenza |
Iprofayile yamandla adibeneyo |
Iimeko zeSicelo esiLungileyo |
Ukusoda |
~600°F (Ubushushu obuphantsi) |
Phantsi ukuya phakathi (amanzi) |
Ukudanyaza, i-ductwork, ukutywinwa okuphantsi koxinzelelo |
Ukuwelda |
>3000°F (Ubushushu obuphezulu) |
Phezulu (Ithwele umthwalo) |
Izakhelo zesakhiwo, oomatshini abanzima |
Izinto zokuncamathelisa |
Ubushushu beGumbi |
Phantsi (Umphezulu kuphela) |
Ukubamba okwethutyana, imathiriyeli engafaniyo |
Izinto ezisetyenziswayo kunye noVavanyo lweZixhobo
Ukufumana imathiriyeli echanekileyo kuyalela impumelelo yeprojekthi yakho. Iikiti ze-soldering ze-electronics eziqhelekileyo ziya kusilela ngokukhawuleza kwisinyithi. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-rosin flux esisiseko okanye ii-ayini zebhodi yeesekethe ezincinci. Ikhemistri yezinto ifuna unikezelo lwemigangatho yeshishini.
Ukukhetha i-Right Flux
Umgangatho we-rosin flux awukwazi ukungena kwi-zinc oxide eqinile. Ukuba uyazama, i-solder iya kukhupha isinyithi njengamanzi kwi-wax. Kufuneka ucacise kwaye usebenzise i-acid-based okanye i-zinc-chloride fluid flux. Le khemikhali inobundlongondlongo igcina umaleko womphezulu we-microscopic. Icoca i-oxidation kude kwaye ivumela isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo ukuba sihambe kakuhle sinqumle umdibaniso.
Ukukhetha i-Solder Alloy
Uneendlela ezimbini eziphambili xa ukhetha i-alloy. Zombini iinketho zifuna umxholo ophezulu we-tin ukuze udibanise ngokufanelekileyo kunye ne-zinc.
I-Tin/I-Lead Alloys: Sincoma umgangatho we-60/40 okanye i-40/60 yetoti/i-lead imixube ukuze uhambe kakuhle. Ezi zinyibilika kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi kwaye zizalise izithuba zemicroscopic ngokulula.
Iindlela ezingeNkokheli ezingaKhokheli: Kufuneka uvavanye ii-Tin/Silver/Copper alloys kwiinkqubo zemibhobho. Imithetho yokuthotyelwa kwendalo ikholisa ukugunyazisa iinketho ezingenalo nelothe. Ezi zifuna ubushushu obuphezulu kancinci kodwa zinika amandla abalaseleyo.
IiMfuno zoMthombo wobushushu
Iintsimbi zisebenza njengeziponji ezishushu. Isiphumo esikhulu sokutshona kobushushu esikhulu Ishiti lentsimbi ekhandisiweyo okanye ucingo olunzima lufuna imveliso eshushu. Usiba oluqhelekileyo lwe-elektroniki lwe-40-watt luya kuphulukana nabo bonke ubushushu balo mzuzu luchukumisa isinyithi.
Udinga umsebenzi onzima, isinyithi esine-soldering ephezulu (i-100W okanye ngaphezulu) ukwenzela umsebenzi wephepha elichanekileyo. Kungenjalo, ungasebenzisa itotshi eqhelekileyo yepropane yeegeyiji ezityebileyo. Ukuba usebenzisa itotshi, kufuneka usebenzise ngokuchanekileyo, iintshukumo zokutshayela. Ukubamba itotshi emileyo kuya kwenza i-zinc ibe ngumphunga ngoko nangoko kwaye yonakalise i-workpiece.
Ukuphunyezwa: Amanyathelo ama-5 ukuya kwi-Solder Galvanized Steel Coil kunye neShiti
Ukwenza umthungo ongenasiphako kufuna uqeqesho. Ukutsiba amanyathelo kuya kubangela ibhondi ebuthathaka okanye ukubola kwekamva eliyingozi. Landela olu landelelwano ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwexesha elide.
1. ULungiselelo lweMechanical Surface
Kufuneka ubambelele ngokungqongqo kwimigangatho ye-ASTM A780 yokulungiselela umphezulu. Sebenzisa ibrashi yocingo yentsimbi ecocekileyo okanye i-fine-grit sandpaper. Khuhla ngobunono indawo edibeneyo ukususa i-oxidation yomhlaba, ukungcola, kunye nomhlwa omhlophe. Ufuna ukwenza ubuthuntu kancinci, ukuthungwa okukhutshiweyo. Kuphephe ukufaka uxinzelelo olunzima. Akufunekanga ugaye ngokupheleleyo kwi-zinc layer ukuya kwintsimbi engenanto. I-solder idinga i-zinc layer ukuze ibambe ngokufanelekileyo.
2. Ukunciphisa iChemical Degreasing
Ukukhuhla ngoomatshini kushiya emva kothuli oluncinci. Ngaphaya koko, uya kuhlala ufumana ioyile yomatshini oshiyekileyo okanye i-anti-rust coatings kwinto entsha ikhoyili yentsimbi efakwe isinyithi . Sula indawo elungiselelwe nge-degreaser yokuthengisa ngokukhawuleza okanye i-isopropyl alcohol. Sebenzisa itawuli yevenkile engenanto. Kufuneka uqhubele phambili ngoko nangoko kwinyathelo elilandelayo emva kokuba isinyibilikisi siphuphuma. Ukuveza i-zinc engenanto, ecociweyo emoyeni ixesha elide imema ukuphinda kufakwe i-oxidation ngokukhawuleza.
3. Isicelo seFlux
Faka idyasi yesisa ye-zinc-chloride liquid flux yakho ekhethiweyo ngokuthe ngqo kumthungo odibeneyo. Ungasebenzisa ibrashi yeasidi ukuyipeyinta ngokulinganayo kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo. Qinisekisa ukuba ulwelo luyangena kuzo naziphi na izikhewu ezidibanayo. I-flux iya kuhlambulula isinyithi ngekhemikhali njengoko ishushu. Musa ukusasaza i-flux ngaphandle kwendawo edibeneyo ekujoliswe kuyo, njengoko iyingozi kakhulu.
4. Isicelo sokushisa kunye nokuhamba kweSolder
Faka umthombo wakho wobushushu kwisiseko sesinyithi ngokwaso. Musa ukusebenzisa idangatye okanye incam yentsimbi ngokuthe ngqo kwi-solder wire. Fudumeza intsimbi ngokuthe ngcembe ukuya kuma-600°F. Ngamaxesha athile bamba ucingo lwe-solder kumthungo wentsimbi. Emva kokuba intsimbi ifikelele kwiqondo lokushisa elichanekileyo, i-solder iya kunyibilika ngokukhawuleza xa idibene. Isenzo seCapillary siya kutsala ngokuzenzekelayo isinyithi solwelo nzulu kumthungo. Hambisa umthombo wakho wobushushu ecaleni kwelungu ngokutyibilikayo, uvumele isinyithi esijikelezayo silandele ubushushu.
5. I-Post-Solder Neutralization (Ebaluleke kakhulu)
Awukwazi ukutsiba eli nyathelo lokugqibela. Intsalela ye-Acidic flux iya kugqwala ngokukhawuleza intsimbi engaphantsi ukuba ayinyangwa. Nje ukuba umdibaniso uphole ngokwendalo ukuya kubushushu begumbi, kufuneka ugunyazise ukucocwa ngokucokisekileyo. Hlamba ilungu elipholileyo ngamandla ngamanzi ashushu kunye nelaphu elicocekileyo nelimanzi. Abanye abaqhubi basebenzisa isisombululo esincinci sesoda yokubhaka ukuqinisekisa ukungathathi hlangothi okupheleleyo kwe-asidi. Landela oku ngokomisa indawo ngokupheleleyo ngomoya ocinezelweyo okanye ngetawuli eyomileyo.
Ukunciphisa imingcipheko: I-Metal Fume Fever kunye nokushisa okugqithisileyo
Ukusebenza ngeentsimbi eziphathwayo kwazisa ingozi enkulu yempilo kunye nezinto eziphathekayo. Kufuneka uhloniphe iingozi zendalo zokufudumeza i-zinc. Iiprothokholi ezizizo zokhuseleko zahlula iziphumo zobungcali kwiimpazamo eziyingozi zabangaqeqeshwanga.
Ukungenisa umoya kunye nePPE
I-Zinc iziphatha ngokuyingozi kumaqondo aphezulu. Xa i-zinc ifikelela kumaqondo obushushu bomoya, ivelisa umsi omhlophe otyebileyo, onetyhefu. Ukusezela lo msi kubangela imeko ebuhlungu kakhulu eyaziwa ngokuba 'yiMetal Fume Fever'. Ezi mpawu zidla ngokubetha kwiiyure ezininzi emva kokuba sesichengeni.
Kufuneka ufune imithetho engqongqo yokhuseleko. Ngalo lonke ixesha unxibe i-P100 efakwe kakuhle kwi-half-mask respirator eyenzelwe ukutshisa imisi. Imaski yothuli olulula lwephepha inika ukhuseleko lwe-zero kumphunga we-zinc. Ngaphaya koko, kuya kufuneka uphumeze umoya wokuphefumla ngenkani kwindawo yakho yokusebenza. Wutyhale umsi kwindawo yakho yokuphefumla kwaye uyitsale ngaphandle ngokukhuselekileyo.
Ulawulo lobushushu
Ujongene nomngcipheko oqhubekayo wokusebenzisa ukushisa okukhulu, ngakumbi xa usebenzisa itotshi yepropane. IZinc inyibilika malunga ne-787°F. Iitotshi zitshisa amawaka edigri ngaphezu koku. Ukugqithisa ummandla kutshabalalisa i-zinc yokugqoka ngaphandle kwendawo edibeneyo esondeleyo. Lo monakalo we-thermal ushiya intsimbi engaphantsi ingenanto kwaye isengozini yokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza. Ekugqibeleni, ukutshisa i-zinc kubeka esichengeni isidima seprojekthi yakho yonke. Gcina itotshi yakho ihamba rhoqo ukunqanda ukufudumeza kwendawo.
UQinisekiso loMgangatho kunye noHlahlelo lokuSilela
Kufuneka uqinisekise ukuphumelela koomatshini kunye neekhemikhali zelungu lakho ngaphambi kokuba ufake inxalenye yenkonzo. Uvavanyo olufanelekileyo luthintela ukusilela kwintsimi eneendleko ezantsi kumgca.
UHlolo Olubonwayo
Unokwazi ukuchonga ngokukhawuleza ukudibanisa okuyimpumelelo ngovavanyo olusisiseko olubonakalayo. Umdibaniso we-solder osempilweni kufuneka ubonakale ugudile, ubengezela kancinci, kwaye umanziswe ngokupheleleyo kwincam zentsimbi. Intsimbi kufuneka intsiba ngokugqibeleleyo kwizinto ezisisiseko.
Zilumkele iziphene ezibonakalayo eziqhelekileyo. Isoda efakwe amaso okanye 'ibhola ephothiweyo' ibonisa ingxaki enkulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba usebenzise ubushushu obungonelanga okanye usebenzise umsinga onganelanga. I-solder ayiphumelelanga ukwaphula uxinzelelo kunye nebhondi. Ukuba umdibaniso ubonakala umnyama, ukristale, okanye utshiswe, usebenzise ubushushu obuninzi kakhulu kwaye wayitshisa i-alloy.
Ukujonga ukonakala
Ukubeka iliso emva kokwenziwa kwemveliso kubaluleke kakhulu njengohlolo lokuqala. Ukuba ukurusa kwangaphambi kwexesha kwenzeka ecaleni komthungo kwiintsuku nje emva kokugqiba iprojekthi, unokungaphumeleli kweekhemikhali. Ungasoloko ufumanisa oku njengokusilela ukuhlamba i-asidi ebolileyo ngexesha lenyathelo lokugqibela. Iikloridi ezibanjiweyo zatya nje nge-zinc kwaye zaqala ukutshabalalisa intsimbi. Kuya kufuneka usulungekise inkqubo yakho ye-post-solder neutralization ukulungisa oku.
Ukuqukumbela
I-Soldering ihlala ithembekile kakhulu, indlela eqinisekisiweyo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Ilinganisa ngokugqibeleleyo indalo edibeneyo eyomeleleyo kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto eziphathekayo. Inkqubo isebenza ngokugqwesileyo ngokunikezelwa komsebenzisi uhlonipha ukuxhathisa imichiza ye-zinc kwaye usebenzisa izinto ezichanekileyo.
Ukuqinisekisa impumelelo kwiprojekthi yakho elandelayo, thatha inyathelo kwangoko kuseto lwakho. Okokuqala, phicotha indawo osebenza kuyo ngoku ukuze uqiniseke ngesakhono esaneleyo sokungenisa umoya ngenkani. Okwesibini, fumana i-zinc-chloride flux ezinikeleyo kunye nomthombo wobushushu obuphezulu. Okokugqibela, soloko uvavanya isicelo sakho sobushushu kwisiqwenga sesinyithi esilahliweyo ngaphambi kokuba uzinikele kwizinto zakho zokugqibela zokuvelisa.
FAQ
Umbuzo: Ndingasebenzisa intsimbi ye-elekthronikhi eqhelekileyo kwisinyithi esenziwe ngamagalvanized?
A: Ngokubanzi, hayi. Ii-ayini ezisemgangathweni azinabunzima bobushushu obufunekayo ukufudumeza iintsimbi ezinkulu ukuya kuma-600°F. Icwecwe lesinyithi litsala ubushushu ngokukhawuleza. Intsimbi enzima (100W +) okanye itotshi yepropane elawulwa ngononophelo ifuneka ngokupheleleyo ukuze uphumelele.
Umbuzo: Ngaba kufuneka ndisebenzise i-lead solder?
A: Hayi. Ngelixa i-60/40 tin/lead ilula kakhulu ukusebenza nayo ngenxa yenqanaba layo eliphantsi lokunyibilika kunye nokuhamba okugqwesileyo, akunyanzelekanga. Izidayisi ezingenalo isilivere ezinelothe zisebenza ngokugqwesileyo kwiingubo ze-zinc, ngaphandle kokuba umthombo wakho wobushushu unamandla ngokwaneleyo ukufikelela kwiindawo zabo zokunyibilika ezingaphezulu kancinci.
Umbuzo: Kutheni le nto i-soldered joint rust ngokukhawuleza?
A: Oku kusoloko kubangelwa kukushiya intsalela ye-asidi-based flux kwintsimbi. Iikloridi ezinobundlobongela kwi-flux zisebenza njenge-etching agent. Baya kudla ngokugqithiseleyo nge-zinc kunye nentsimbi ukuba ayithinteli kwaye ihlanjwe ngamanzi afudumele ngokukhawuleza emva kokupholisa ngokubambisana.
