Ga si mexɔ dzo o nye nu tɔxɛ elabena ewɔa avu kple gbeɖuɖɔ kple nusiwo gblẽ le mɔ vevi etɔ̃ nu. Ametakpɔnu si me womewɔa naneke le o, nusiwo wotsɔ wɔa nu sesẽe, kple anyigba ƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛwo le eŋu. Passive layer la ƒe akpa gãtɔ nye chromium oxide. Layer sia tsyɔa gakpoa dzi eye wòxea mɔ na tsi kple ya. Mɔxenu sia ɖea gbeɖuɖɔ ƒe mɔnukpɔkpɔ dzi kpɔtɔna. Ekpena ɖe gakpoa ŋu wònɔa sesẽm ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe. Nickel kple molybdenum nye nusiwo wotsɔ wɔa nu ɖekae. Wowɔa .
Ga si mexɔ dzo o nɔa anyi didi wu le teƒe sesẽwo. Anyigba siwo le gbadzaa kple kpekpeɖeŋu nana wo bɔbɔe be woakɔ wo ŋu bɔbɔe .
Stainless Steel Tsi Tre Ðe Nu Gbagbewo Ŋu. Nɔnɔme siawo hã kpena ɖe eŋu be eƒe keklẽa nɔa anyi.
Míaƒe dɔwɔƒea zãa nɔnɔme siawo tsɔ naa gakpowo ƒe kuxiwo gbɔ kpɔnu sesẽwo.
Passive layer la kpena ɖe ame ŋu be wòadzudzɔ xɔxlɔ̃.
Layer sia wɔa dɔ abe akpoxɔnu ene le tsi kple ya ŋu.
Alesi wòwɔa dɔ nyuie la nɔ te ɖe beléle kple teƒe si wozãe le dzi.
Key Takeaways .
Ga si mexɔ dzo o la tɔa gbeɖuɖɔ kple ƒuƒoƒo tɔxɛ aɖe si naa tsi kple ya megena ɖe eme o.
Klɔe zi geɖe kple adzalẽ fafɛ kple avɔ falɛfalɛ nana be ƒuƒoƒo sia sesẽna eye wòdzudzɔa gbeɖuɖɔ.
Nickel kple molybdenum nana gakpo si mexɔ dzo o la nu sẽna ɖe edzi eye wokpena ɖe eŋu wòwɔa avu kple gbeɖuɖɔ, le teƒe sesẽwo gɔ̃ hã.
Ga si mexɔ dzo o ƒe dzeside nyuitɔ tiatia le vevie ŋutɔ na dɔ ɖesiaɖe eyata enɔa anyi didi eye wòwɔa dɔ nyuie.
Anyigba siwo le gbadzaa kpena ɖe ame ŋu wòtsia gbeɖuɖɔ me elabena tsi kple atikewo mate ŋu agblẽ nu le gakpoa ŋu bɔbɔe nenema o.
Chromium & Passive Layer .
Ga si mexɔ dzo o & chromium .
Chromium kpena ɖe gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ŋu wòdzudzɔa gbeɖuɖɔ. Ne chromium tsaka kple gakpo la, etrɔa alesi ga la wɔa dɔe. Ga si mexɔ dzo o hiã chromium 10.5% ya teti be wòate ŋu awɔ avu kple gbeɖuɖɔ. Chromium sɔ gbɔ wu gɔ̃ hã le ƒomevi akpa gãtɔ me. Chromium geɖe wu kpena ɖe gakpoa ŋu wòwɔa avu kple atikewo kple ya ƒe nugbegblẽ. Ne chromium ɖiɖi va anyi wu 12% la, gakpoa bu eƒe akpoxɔnu. Gbeɖuɖɔ ate ŋu adze egɔme, eye ɖewohĩ ga la mawɔ ametakpɔnu sesẽ aɖeke o.
Ga si mexɔ dzo o hiã chromium 10.5% ya teti hafi woayɔe be stainless.
Chromium geɖe wu fia be woakpɔ wo ta nyuie wu tso atikewo kple ya me.
Anyigba ƒe gowo mexɔa ametakpɔnu ne chromium mede 12% o.
Chromium le 12–15% te ateŋu ahe gbeɖuɖɔ vɛ le nukuwo dome.
Film ƒe wɔwɔme si me womewɔa naneke le o .
Chromium si le gakpo si mexɔ dzo o me wɔa nu kple oxygen tso ya me. Esia wɔnɛ be chromium oxide ƒe ƒuƒoƒo si le sue, si me kɔ nyuie la le etame. Film si me wowɔa nu le la wɔa dɔ abe akpoxɔnu ene. Exea mɔ na tsi, ya, kple nu gbegblẽ bubuwo be woagaka asi gakpoa ŋu o. Akpoxɔnu sia kpena ɖe gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ŋu wòwɔa avu kple gbeɖuɖɔ. Alesi sinima la le kpekpem eye wòsẽe la nɔ te ɖe afisi wòle dzi. Le teƒe siwo me acid mele o la, film la nɔa sesẽm eye wòkpɔa gakpoa ta. Le teƒe siwo acid le la, sinima la ate ŋu agbɔdzɔ, eye gbeɖuɖɔ ate ŋu adze egɔme.
Film si mewɔa naneke o la ate ŋu aɖɔ eɖokui ɖo ne woƒoe, eyata gakpoa nɔa dedie.
Ametakpɔkpɔ ƒe seɖoƒewo .
Passive layer si le gakpo si mexɔ dzo o dzi wɔa dɔ le teƒe geɖe. Gake nu aɖewo ate ŋu agbã akpoxɔnu sia. Chloride ions siwo le dze kple atsiaƒu me ate ŋu agblẽ nu le film si me womewɔa naneke le o ŋu. Esia hea do suewo kple gbeɖuɖɔ siwo de to wu vɛ. Base sesẽwo kple tsi geɖe hã nana akpoxɔnua gbɔdzɔna. Ya ƒoɖi ate ŋu ana gbeɖuɖɔ nava kabakaba. Ne akpoxɔnua gbã la, ŋusẽ si le gakpoa ŋu la megale eŋu be wòawɔ avu kple gbeɖuɖɔ eye wòagblẽ nu le eŋu o.
Chloride ions nana akpoxɔnua gblẽna kabakaba.
Tsi, dze, kple ya ƒoɖi gbogbo aɖewo nye kuxi gãwo na gakpo si mexɔ dzo o.
Alloying nu veviwo .
Nickel ƒe akpa si wòwɔna .
Nickel kpena ɖe gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ŋu wòwɔa avu kple gbeɖuɖɔ nyuie wu. Ne wotsɔ nickel kpe ɖe eŋu la, ewɔa passive layer sesẽ aɖe. Layer sia nana ga la nɔa dedie tso gbeɖuɖɔ kple nuveviwɔame me. Nickel hã kpena ɖe do suesuesuewo ŋu be woagadzɔ o. Do siawo ate ŋu atso atike sesẽwo me. Nickel vi aɖe gɔ̃ hã, abe 3% ene, kpena ɖe ame ŋu ŋutɔ. Nickel na be gakpo si mexɔ dzo o nɔa anyi sesĩe le teƒe geɖe. Eɖea alesi gakpoa ƒe gbeɖuɖɔwo ƒua du kabakabae hã dzi kpɔtɔna. Esia wɔa dɔ ne anyigbaa le dɔ wɔm alo le dɔ wɔm. Esia tae nickel le vevie le gakpo siwo mexɔ dzo o geɖe me ɖo.
Molybdenum ƒe viɖewo .
Molybdenum naa kpekpeɖeŋu geɖe wu gakpo si mexɔ dzo o. Eɖea vi ŋutɔ le afisi dze alo chloride gbogbo aɖewo le. Molybdenum kpena ɖe ame ŋu be film si mewɔa naneke o la megagbãna o. Eɖea alesi ga la vuvuna kabakabae hã dzi kpɔtɔna. Le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe la, Molybdenum va nɔa anyi ɖe edzi. Esia wɔnɛ be gakpoa nyona ɖe edzi wu le avuwɔwɔ kple gbeɖuɖɔ me. Tabla si le ete la ɖe nusi Molybdenum wɔna fia:
Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya . |
Nuɖᴐɖᴐ |
Mɔxexe Ðe Film ƒe Gbegblẽ Nu . |
Molybdenum kpena ɖe ame ŋu be oxide film siwo mewɔa dɔ o ƒe gbagbã nagagblẽ o, si wɔnɛ be tsi ƒe sisi le chloride ƒe nɔnɔmewo me dzina ɖe edzi. |
Ga ƒe ʋuʋu si le dɔ wɔm dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ . |
Molybdenum ɖea ga si le dɔ wɔm ƒe ʋeʋẽ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ dzi kpɔtɔna le teƒe si woxɔ le teƒe ɖeka, si kpena ɖe ame ŋu be woagato eme. |
Nusiwo woatsɔ awɔ dɔe le anyigba dzi . |
Molybdenum ɖea anyigba ƒe akpa si le anyigba dzi la fiana le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe, si wɔnɛ be tsinyenye ƒe tsitretsitsi nyona ɖe edzi. |
Nickel kple molybdenum ƒo ƒu na be gakpo si mexɔ dzo o nɔa anyi didi wu. Wokpena ɖe eŋu wònɔa ŋusẽ kpɔm le teƒe sesẽwo.
Nusiwo wotsɔna tsia tre ɖe xɔxlɔ̃ ŋu ƒe dzesiwo .
Ga si mexɔ dzo o la le ƒomevi vovovowo me. Ƒomevi ɖesiaɖe wɔa avu kple gbeɖuɖɔ le eya ŋutɔ ƒe mɔ nu. Tabla si le ete la sɔ kple klass etɔ̃ siwo bɔ:
Ga si mexɔ dzo o ƒe dzeside . |
Tsitretsitsi ɖe xɔxlɔ̃ ƒe dzidzenu ŋu . |
Nu vevi siwo le eme . |
304 |
Le ve dome |
Enyo na zazã le afisiafi, si metsia tre ɖe acid kple chlorides siwo me wowɔa adã le ŋu boo o . |
316 |
Kɔ |
Tsitretsitsi ɖe dowo kple dowo ƒe xɔxlɔ̃ ŋu nyuie wu, si sɔ na ƒudzidɔwɔnuwo . |
316L |
Kɔkɔ ŋutɔ . |
Enhanced corrosion resistance, si sɔ nyuie na atikewo ƒe nɔnɔme sesẽwo . |
Dɔ tɔxɛwo le ƒomevi bubuwo, abe ferritic kple martensitic ene, si. Wozãa ferritic stainless steel le ʋu ƒe ʋuƒo kple nuɖuɖu dɔwɔnuwo me. Martensitic ƒomeviwo nyo na hɛwo kple tsidzɔƒewo. Ele be nàtia ƒomevi si sɔ na afisi woazãe le. Dzesi siwo me wotsɔ ga geɖe ɖo la ate ŋu axɔ ga geɖe wu le gɔmedzedzea me. Gake wonɔa anyi didi wu eye womehiã be woaɖɔ wo ɖo le teƒe sesẽwo o.
Anyigba ƒe nɔnɔmewo .
Anyigba siwo le gbadzaa .
Anyigba siwo le gbadzaa kpena ɖe gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ŋu wòwɔa avu kple gbeɖuɖɔ. Ne wole gakpoa ƒom la, megaƒuna o. Esia wɔnɛ be wòsesẽna na nuwo abe tsi alo atikewo ene be woadze wo dzi. Do kple gbagbãƒe ʋɛ aɖewo fia be teƒe ʋɛ aɖewo koe gbeɖuɖɔwo adze egɔme tsoe. Nuwuwu si le gbadzaa kpena ɖe passive layer la ŋu be wòadzɔ sɔsɔe. Ga si mexɔ dzo o si ƒe nuwuwu le nyuie la ŋu kɔklɔ le bɔbɔe wu. Meléa ɖiƒoƒo alo atikewo ɖe mɔ̃ me nenema gbegbe o.
Nuwuwu siwo le gbadzaa wu la ɖea mɔnukpɔkpɔ si li be woaƒo xlã wo la dzi kpɔtɔna.
Anyigba siwo wotsɔ blɔ wɔe la wɔa avu kple crevice corrosion nyuie wu esiwo me mekɔ o.
Elektrik-ga si mexɔ dzo o ƒe film si nyo wu la le esi.
Anyigba si le gbadzaa kpena ɖe gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ŋu wònɔa keklẽm. Ekpena ɖe eŋu hã be enɔa anyi didi wu le teƒe sesẽwo.
Dzadzɛnyenye & Dzadzraɖo .
Ga si mexɔ dzo o ŋu kɔklɔ kple edzikpɔkpɔ nana be ƒuƒoƒoa nɔa dedie. Dzadzɛnyenye edziedzi ɖea ɖiƒoƒo kple nusiwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu ɖa. Esia kpena ɖe sinima si me womewɔa naneke le o la ŋu be wòasẽ ŋu. Zã adzalẽ fafɛ kple brɔs falɛfalɛ aɖe nàtsɔ akɔ gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ŋu. Ne èklɔe vɔ la, tsɔ tsi dzadzɛ klɔe. Tsɔ avɔ falɛfalɛ aɖe ƒu gbe be nàtɔ te tsi ƒe teƒewo kple ɖiƒoƒo.
Tsɔ nylon brɔs klɔ ɖi blewuu.
Zã adzalẽ alo atike fafɛ si le dedie na gakpo si mexɔ dzo o.
Klɔe kple tsi dzadzɛ.
Tsɔ avɔ falɛfalɛ aɖe ƒu gbe.
Mègazã gakpo alo atike sesẽwo o. Karbɔn ƒe gakpo alo gayibɔ ƒe asikaka eŋu ate ŋu ana gbeɖuɖɔ naxɔ dzo. Asigɛ dzadzɛwo dodo dzudzɔa asibidɛwo kple dzesiwo.
Zi geɖe la, dzadzɛnyenye kpena ɖe gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ŋu wòwɔa avu kple gbeɖuɖɔ. Ekpena ɖe eŋu hã wònɔa anyi didi wu, le teƒe sesẽwo gɔ̃ hã.
Ŋutilã me nusiwo gblẽ ƒe tsitretsitsi .
Ga si mexɔ dzo o sesẽ eye wòsesẽna. Ate ŋu atsɔ agba kpekpewo aɖo anyi evɔ womabɔbɔ o. Esesẽ gake woate ŋu abɔbɔ ɖe anyi evɔ womagbã o. Esia wɔnɛ be wòsesẽna be woagbã alo aƒoe.
Nunᴐamesi |
Viɖe |
Sensile ƒe ŋusẽ si kɔkɔ . |
Ekpɔa nyaƒoɖeamenu gã kple nuteɖeamedzi gbɔ . |
Ductility . |
bends gake megbãna o . |
Sesẽ . |
Fights surface damage kple wear . |
Nɔnɔme siawo na be gakpo si mexɔ dzo o nyo ŋutɔ na teƒe siwo hiã ga sesẽ eye wòte ŋu nɔa te ɖe gbeɖuɖɔ nu. Ne eƒo alo ƒoe la, àte ŋu aɖɔe ɖo bɔbɔe. Avɔ falɛfalɛ zazã alo ezazã ate ŋu ana wòagadze yeyee ake.
Ga si mexɔ dzo o la tɔa gbeɖuɖɔ eye wògblẽna le mɔ vevi etɔ̃ nu. Passive layer la wɔa dɔ abe akpoxɔnu ene eye wòɖɔa eɖokui ɖo ne woƒoe. Nusiwo wotsɔ wɔa nu abe chromium, nickel, kple molybdenum ene nana wòsẽna ɖe edzi le gbeɖuɖɔ ŋu. Anyigba siwo le gbadzaa kple dzadzɛnyenye kpena ɖe gakpoa ŋu wònɔa keklẽm eye wòsesẽna. Tabla si le ete la fia alesi mɔ ɖesiaɖe wɔa dɔe:
Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya . |
Dɔwɔwɔ nyuie ɖe gbeɖuɖɔ kple nusiwo gblẽ ŋu . |
Passive layer . |
Ewɔa akpoxɔnu si xea mɔ na gbeɖuɖɔ, esime carbon steel xɔa dzo kabakaba. |
Ðokuisiɖɔɖɔɖo ƒe mɔ̃ . |
Akpoxɔnua gadzena ne exɔ abi, nenye be chromium le afima ko. |
Nutoa me ƒe nɔnɔmewo . |
Nuwo abe dze, aɖi, kple dzoxɔxɔ ene ate ŋu ana gbeɖuɖɔ nava kabakaba. |
Ga si mexɔ dzo o ƒe dzeside nyuitɔ tiatia le vevie na teƒe ɖesiaɖe. Dzesi siwo wɔa avu kple gbeɖuɖɔ nyuie la nyo wu na teƒe siwo atikewo, tsi, alo dze le. Nuɖuɖudɔwɔƒewo hiã gakpo si mexɔ dzo o si mewɔa nu kple nuɖuɖu o. Atikewɔƒewo hiã na dzeside siwo ate ŋu akpɔ nɔnɔme sesẽwo gbɔ. Ne ètia dzeside si mesɔ o la, àte ŋu axɔ do, do, alo nuteɖeamedzi ƒe xɔxlɔ̃.
Ga si mexɔ dzo o ƒe gbeɖuɖɔwo mede ga bubuwo nu kura o, ne exɔ dzo gɔ̃ hã.
Ga si mexɔ dzo o nɔa anyi ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe eye mehiã beléle boo aɖeke o. Enyo na ɣletinyigba la hã. Tabla si le ete la yɔ nya nyui siawo:
Viɖe |
Nuɖᴐɖᴐ |
Nusiwo nɔa anyi didina si keke ta . |
Ga si mexɔ dzo o ƒe xɔwo nɔa anyi abe zi gbɔ zi eve ene wu esiwo nye carbon steel tɔ. |
Nusiwo wobia tso ame si be wòalé be nɛ si bɔbɔ ɖe anyi wu . |
Mehiã be nàɖɔe ɖo fũ o, eyata enyo na teƒe siwo vovo mele o. |
Kpekpeme si wowɔ wònyo wu . |
Esẽ, eyata àte ŋu azã ga si mesɔ gbɔ o eye nàna nuwo nabɔbɔ va ɖo alafa memama 30. |
Anyinɔnɔ didi |
Woate ŋu atrɔ asi le gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ŋu eye wòkpena ɖe Anyigba ŋu be wòanɔ dzadzɛ. |
Sewo kpena ɖe amewo ŋu be woatia gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ƒe dzeside si sɔ na dɔ ɖesiaɖe. Esia nana be gakpoa wɔa dɔ nyuie eye wònɔa anyi didi. Ga si mexɔ dzo o nye nu tɔxɛ elabena ewɔa avu kple gbeɖuɖɔ, esẽ, eye wònɔa anyi ƒe geɖe.
Nyabiasewo ƒe 1999 me.
Nukae na gakpo si mexɔ dzo o to vovo na gakpo si wozãna edziedzi?
Chromium kple nu bubuwo le gakpo si mexɔ dzo o me. Esiawo wɔa ametakpɔnu si xea mɔ na gbeɖuɖɔ. Akpoxɔnu sia mele gakpo si wozãna edziedzi me o, eyata exɔa dzo kabakaba wu.
Ðe gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ate ŋu axɔ dzo le teƒe siwo dze alo tsi le?
Ẽ, gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ate ŋu axɔ dzo le teƒe siwo dze alo tsi le. chloride siwo le dzetsi me ate ŋu agbã ametakpɔnu la. Dzeside nyuitɔ tiatia kpena ɖe ame ŋu be wòaxe mɔ ɖe kuxi sia nu.
Aleke wòle be amewo nakɔ gakpo si mexɔ dzo o ŋu be woaxe mɔ ɖe gbeɖuɖɔ nu?
Ele be amewo nazã adzalẽ fafɛ, tsi, kple avɔ falɛfalɛ. Ele be woaƒo asa na gakpowo ƒe lãfu kple atike sesẽwo. Dzadzɛnyenye edziedzi nana be ametakpɔnu la nɔa sesẽm.
Nukatae gakpo siwo mexɔ dzo o ƒe hatsotso aɖewo xɔa ga geɖe wu?
Dzesi siwo me nickel alo molybdenum sɔ gbɔ ɖo la ƒe asi sɔ gbɔ wu. Nu siawo nana gakpoa nu sẽna ɖe edzi le gbeɖuɖɔ kple nusiwo gblẽ nu. Dzesi siwo kɔkɔ wu nɔa anyi didi wu le teƒe sesẽwo.
Ðe gakpo si mexɔ dzo o hiã beléle tɔxɛ le scratches megbea?
Ɛ̃. Nuƒoƒo ate ŋu ana ametakpɔnu la nagbɔdzɔ. Dzadzɛnyenye kple ekɔklɔ kpena ɖe ƒuƒoƒoa ŋu be wòadzra eɖokui ɖo. Esia nana gakpoa nɔa sesẽm eye wònɔa keklẽm.
