Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chapadera chifukwa chimalimbana ndi dzimbiri ndi kuwonongeka m’njira zitatu zazikulu. Ili ndi gawo lodzitchinjiriza losanjikiza, ma alloying amphamvu, komanso mawonekedwe apadera apamwamba. Zosanjikiza zambiri zimakhala chromium oxide. Chigawochi chimakwirira zitsulo ndikutchinga madzi ndi mpweya. Chotchinga ichi chimachepetsa mwayi wa dzimbiri. Zimathandizira kuti chitsulocho chikhale cholimba kwa nthawi yayitali. Nickel ndi molybdenum ndi alloying zinthu. Iwo amapanga
zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimatha nthawi yayitali m'malo olimba. Malo osalala komanso kuyeretsa kosavuta kumathandiza
zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimakana kuwonongeka. Zinthu izi zimathandizanso kuti ikhale yowala.
Kampani yathu imagwiritsa ntchito zinthuzi popereka mayankho amphamvu achitsulo.
The passive layer imathandizira kuletsa dzimbiri.
Chigawochi chimagwira ntchito ngati chishango kumadzi ndi mpweya.
Momwe zimagwirira ntchito zimatengera chisamaliro ndi malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zofunika Kwambiri
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimayimitsa dzimbiri ndi wosanjikiza wapadera womwe umalepheretsa madzi ndi mpweya.
Kuyeretsa nthawi zambiri ndi sopo wofatsa komanso nsalu yofewa kumapangitsa kuti chipindacho chikhale cholimba komanso kuti dzimbiri.
Nickel ndi molybdenum zimapangitsa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kukhala cholimba ndikuchithandizira kulimbana ndi dzimbiri, ngakhale m'malo ovuta.
Kusankha kalasi yoyenera yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndikofunika kwambiri pa ntchito iliyonse kotero kuti imatenga nthawi yayitali komanso imagwira ntchito bwino.
Malo osalala amathandiza kuletsa dzimbiri chifukwa madzi ndi mankhwala sizingawononge chitsulo mosavuta.
Chromium & Passive Layer
Chitsulo Chosapanga dzimbiri & Chromium
Chromium imathandiza chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kusiya dzimbiri. Chromium ikasakanikirana ndi chitsulo, imasintha momwe chitsulo chimagwirira ntchito. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimafunika osachepera 10.5% chromium kuti athane ndi dzimbiri. Mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi chromium yochulukirapo. Chromium yochulukirapo imathandizira chitsulo kulimbana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala ndi mpweya. Ngati chromium itsika pansi pa 12%, chitsulo chimataya chishango chake. Dzimbiri likhoza kuyamba, ndipo chitsulocho sichingapange nsanjika yolimba yoteteza.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimafunika osachepera 10.5% chromium kuti izitchedwa zosapanga dzimbiri.
Kuchuluka kwa chromium kumatanthauza chitetezo chabwino ku mankhwala ndi mpweya.
Pamwamba sipeza wosanjikiza woteteza ngati chromium ndi yochepera 12%.
Chromium pansi pa 12-15% ingayambitse dzimbiri pakati pa mbewu.
Kupanga Mafilimu Osauka
Chromium mu chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri imakumana ndi mpweya wochokera mumpweya. Izi zimapanga wosanjikiza woonda, wowoneka bwino wa chromium oxide pamwamba. Kanema wopanda pake amagwira ntchito ngati chishango. Zimaletsa madzi, mpweya, ndi zinthu zina zoipa kugwira zitsulo. Chishango ichi chimathandiza chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kulimbana ndi dzimbiri. Kuti filimuyo ndi yokhuthala komanso yamphamvu bwanji zimatengera komwe ili. M'malo omwe mulibe acidic, filimuyo imakhala yolimba komanso imateteza chitsulo. M'malo a acidic, filimuyo imatha kufooka, ndipo dzimbiri limayamba.
Kanema wosagwira ntchito amatha kudzikonza yekha ngati atakanda, ndiye kuti chitsulocho chimakhala chotetezeka.
Malire a Chitetezo
Zosanjikiza pazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimagwira ntchito m'malo ambiri. Koma zinthu zina zimatha kuthyola chishango ichi. Chloride ayoni mu mchere ndi m'nyanja akhoza kuvulaza kungokhala chete filimu. Izi zimapanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono ndi dzimbiri lakuya. Maziko amphamvu ndi chinyezi chambiri zimapangitsanso chishango kukhala chofooka. Mpweya wauve ungapangitse dzimbiri kuti zichitike mofulumira. Chishangocho chikathyoka, chitsulocho chimataya mphamvu zake zolimbana ndi dzimbiri ndi kuwonongeka.
Chloride ions imapangitsa kuti chishango chiwonongeke mofulumira.
Chinyezi chochuluka, mchere, ndi mpweya wonyansa ndizovuta zazikulu zazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.
Alloying Elements
Ntchito ya Nickel
Nickel imathandiza kulimbana ndi dzimbiri bwino. Nickel ikawonjezeredwa, imapanga wosanjikiza wamphamvu. Chigawochi chimateteza zitsulo kuti zisachite dzimbiri komanso kuvulaza. Nickel imathandizanso kuti tizibowo tating'ono tisapangike. Mabowowa amatha kuchokera ku mankhwala amphamvu. Ngakhale nickel yaying'ono, ngati 3%, imathandiza kwambiri. Nickel imalola chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kukhala cholimba m'malo ambiri. Zimachepetsanso momwe chitsulo chimachitira dzimbiri mofulumira. Izi zimagwira ntchito ngati pamwamba pakugwira ntchito kapena kungokhala chete. Ndicho chifukwa chake nickel ndi yofunika muzitsulo zambiri zosapanga dzimbiri.
Ubwino wa Molybdenum
Molybdenum imapereka chithandizo chowonjezera ku chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Ndizothandiza kwambiri pamene pali mchere wambiri kapena ma chloride. Molybdenum imathandizira kuti filimuyo isaphwanyike. Zimachepetsanso momwe chitsulo chimatha msanga. Pakapita nthawi, molybdenum imachulukana pamwamba. Izi zimapangitsa chitsulo kukhala bwino polimbana ndi dzimbiri. Gome ili pansipa likuwonetsa zomwe molybdenum imachita:
Njira |
Kufotokozera |
Kupewa Kuwonongeka Kwa Mafilimu Osapitako |
Molybdenum imathandizira kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mafilimu a passive oxide, kumawonjezera kukana kutsekera m'malo a chloride. |
Kuchepetsa kwa Active Metal Dissolution |
Molybdenum amachepetsa kusungunuka kwa chitsulo chogwira ntchito panthawi ya dzimbiri, zomwe zimathandiza kubwezeretsanso. |
Kuwonjezera Pamwamba |
Molybdenum imawonetsa kulemeretsa pamwamba pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke. |
Nickel ndi molybdenum pamodzi zimapangitsa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kukhala nthawi yayitali. Amathandiza kuti ikhale yolimba m'malo ovuta.
Maphunziro a Corrosion Resistance
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimabwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mtundu uliwonse umalimbana ndi dzimbiri m'njira yakeyake. Tebulo ili m'munsiyi ikufanizira magulu atatu omwe amafanana:
Kalasi yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri |
Mulingo Wotsutsana ndi Corrosion |
Zofunika Kwambiri |
304 |
Wapakati |
Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito nthawi zonse, osagonjetsedwa ndi ma acid ndi ma chloride |
316 |
Wapamwamba |
Kukaniza bwino pobowola ndi kugwa kwa dzimbiri, koyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panyanja |
316L |
Wapamwamba kwambiri |
Kulimbana ndi dzimbiri, koyenera kumalo opangira mankhwala ankhanza |
Mitundu ina, monga ferritic ndi martensitic, ili ndi ntchito zapadera. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha Ferritic chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza magalimoto ndi zida za chakudya. Mitundu ya martensitic ndi yabwino kwa mipeni ndi akasupe. Muyenera kusankha mtundu woyenera wa komwe udzagwiritsidwe ntchito. Magiredi okhala ndi aloyi ochulukirapo amatha kuwononga ndalama zambiri poyamba. Koma zimatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo zimafunikira kukonzedwa pang'ono m'malo ovuta.
Ma Surface Properties
Malo Osalala
Malo osalala amathandiza chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kulimbana ndi dzimbiri. Chitsulocho chikapukutidwa, chimayamba kuchepa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zinthu monga madzi kapena mankhwala azivutika. Maenje ndi ming'alu yocheperako zikutanthauza kuti dzimbiri lili ndi malo ochepa oyambira. Kutsirizitsa kosalala kumathandiza kuti mawonekedwe osanjikiza apangidwe mofanana. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chokhala ndi mapeto abwino ndichosavuta kuyeretsa. Simatsekera dothi kapena mankhwala kwambiri.
Mapeto osalala amachepetsa mwayi woyika dzimbiri.
Malo opukutidwa amalimbana ndi dzimbiri bwino kuposa ankhawa.
Electropolished stainless steel ili ndi filimu yabwinoko yongokhala.
Malo osalala amathandiza chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kukhala chonyezimira. Imathandizanso kuti ikhale nthawi yayitali m'malo ovuta.
Kuyeretsa & Kusamalira
Kuyeretsa ndi kusamalira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kumateteza wosanjikiza wake. Kuyeretsa nthawi zonse kumachotsa litsiro ndi zinthu zovulaza. Izi zimathandiza kuti filimuyo ikhale yolimba. Gwiritsani ntchito sopo wofatsa ndi burashi yofewa kuti muyeretse chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Mukamaliza kutsuka, yambani ndi madzi oyera. Yanikani ndi nsalu yofewa kuti muyimitse madontho a madzi ndi madontho.
Patsani dothi pang'onopang'ono ndi burashi ya nayiloni.
Gwiritsani ntchito sopo wofatsa kapena chotsukira chomwe chili chotetezeka chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
Muzimutsuka ndi madzi oyera.
Yanikani ndi nsalu yofewa.
Osagwiritsa ntchito ubweya wachitsulo kapena mankhwala owopsa. Kugwira chitsulo cha carbon kapena chitsulo kungayambitse dzimbiri. Kuvala magolovesi aukhondo kumayimitsa zala ndi zizindikiro.
Kuyeretsa nthawi zambiri kumathandizira chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kulimbana ndi dzimbiri. Zimathandizanso kuti zizikhala nthawi yayitali, ngakhale m'malo ovuta.
Kukana Kuwonongeka Kwathupi
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi champhamvu komanso cholimba. Imatha kunyamula katundu wolemera popanda kupinda. Ndizovuta koma zimatha kupindika osasweka. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupukuta kapena kukanda.
Katundu |
Pindulani |
Mkulu wamakokedwe mphamvu |
Amayendetsa kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kupsinjika |
Ductility |
Amapinda koma osasweka |
Kuuma |
Kulimbana ndi kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba ndi kuvala |
Zinthuzi zimapangitsa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kukhala zabwino m'malo omwe amafunikira zitsulo zolimba komanso zosagwira dzimbiri. Ngati chikande kapena chapindika, mutha kuchikonza mosavuta. Kuboola kapena kugwiritsa ntchito nsalu yofewa kungapangitse kuti ziwonekenso zatsopano.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimaletsa dzimbiri ndi kuwonongeka m'njira zitatu zazikulu. Chosanjikiza chimagwira ntchito ngati chishango ndikudzikonza chokha ngati chakanda. Zinthu zophatikizika monga chromium, nickel, ndi molybdenum zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yolimba polimbana ndi dzimbiri. Malo osalala ndi kuyeretsa kumathandiza chitsulo kukhala chonyezimira komanso cholimba. Tebulo ili m'munsiyi likuwonetsa momwe njira iliyonse imagwirira ntchito:
Njira |
Kuchita Bwino Polimbana ndi Dzimbiri ndi Zowonongeka |
Passive Layer |
Amapanga chishango chomwe chimatchinga dzimbiri, pomwe chitsulo cha kaboni chimachita dzimbiri mwachangu. |
Njira Yodzikonzera |
Chishango chimapanganso ngati chivulazidwa, bola ngati chromium ilipo. |
Zinthu Zachilengedwe |
Zinthu monga mchere, asidi, ndi kutentha zingapangitse dzimbiri kuti zichitike mofulumira. |
Kutenga kalasi yoyenera yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndikofunikira pa malo aliwonse. Maphunziro omwe amalimbana ndi dzimbiri bwino ndi malo okhala ndi mankhwala, madzi, kapena mchere. Mafakitole a zakudya amafunikira chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chomwe sichimakhudzidwa ndi chakudya. Zomera zama Chemical zimafunikira magiredi omwe amatha kuthana ndi zovuta. Ngati mutasankha giredi yolakwika, mutha kugwa, kung'ambika, kapena kupsinjika.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala chochepa kwambiri kuposa zitsulo zina, ngakhale patentha.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo chimasowa chisamaliro chochepa. Ndi yabwinonso kwa pulaneti. Tebulo ili m'munsiyi limatchula mfundo zabwino izi:
Pindulani |
Kufotokozera |
Kutalikira kukhazikika |
Nyumba zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimatha kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa zachitsulo cha carbon. |
Zofunikira zochepetsera kukonza |
Simufunikanso kukonza zambiri, kotero ndi zabwino malo otanganidwa. |
Kulemera kokwanira |
Ndi yamphamvu, kotero mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zochepa ndikupangitsa zinthu kukhala zopepuka ndi 30 peresenti. |
Kukhazikika |
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimatha kubwezeretsedwanso ndikuthandiza kuti dziko lapansi likhale laukhondo. |
Malamulo amathandiza anthu kusankha kalasi yoyenera yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri pa ntchito iliyonse. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti zitsulo zimagwira ntchito bwino komanso zimakhala nthawi yaitali. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri n’chapadera chifukwa chimalimbana ndi dzimbiri, n’champhamvu komanso chimatenga zaka zambiri.
FAQ
Kodi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimasiyana bwanji ndi zitsulo wamba?
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala ndi chromium ndi zinthu zina. Izi zimapanga chitetezo chomwe chimatchinga dzimbiri. Chitsulo chokhazikika sichikhala ndi chishango ichi, motero chimachita dzimbiri mwachangu.
Kodi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zitha kuchita dzimbiri m'malo amchere kapena amadzi?
Inde, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimatha kuchita dzimbiri m’malo amchere kapena amvula. Ma chloride m'madzi amchere amatha kuphwanya chitetezo. Kusankha giredi yoyenera kumathandiza kupewa vutoli.
Kodi anthu ayenera kuyeretsa bwanji zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kuti apewe dzimbiri?
Anthu ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito sopo, madzi, ndi nsalu yofewa. Ayenera kupewa ubweya wachitsulo ndi zotsukira zankhanza. Kuyeretsa nthawi zonse kumapangitsa kuti chitetezo chikhale cholimba.
Chifukwa chiyani magiredi ena achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri amawononga ndalama zambiri?
Magiredi okhala ndi faifi tambala kapena molybdenum amawononga ndalama zambiri. Zinthu izi zimapangitsa chitsulo kukhala cholimba kulimbana ndi dzimbiri ndi kuwonongeka. Maphunziro apamwamba amakhala nthawi yayitali m'malo ovuta.
Kodi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chimafunika chisamaliro chapadera pambuyo pa zokala?
Inde. Zotupa zimatha kufooketsa chitetezo chamthupi. Kuyeretsa ndi kupukuta kumathandiza wosanjikiza kudzikonza wokha. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chitsulocho chikhale cholimba komanso chowala.
