Guhitamo ibikoresho akenshi bihatira kumvikana bigoye. Ba injeniyeri bagomba guhuza neza ibiciro byamasoko imbere yigihe kirekire cyo kubungabunga. Ntushobora guhitamo icyuma cyoroshye mugihe ibikorwa remezo ubuzima bumara kumurongo. Ibyuma bya galvanised bikemura iki kibazo neza. Turabisobanura nkicyuma gisanzwe cyangwa ibyuma bisize muri zinc. Uku guhuriza hamwe gukora inzitizi ikomeye yumubiri hamwe no gukingira amashanyarazi gukora ruswa. Muri iki gihe, iracyari umusingi w’inganda zigezweho n’ubwubatsi. Ariko, kwerekana ubwoko butari bwo cyangwa kwirengagiza imbogamizi zibidukikije bitera kunanirwa byihuse, imburagihe. Aya makosa aganisha ku gihe cyigihe gito kandi bishobora guteza umutekano muke. Muri iyi ngingo, uziga siyanse yibanze inyuma ya zinc. Tuzashakisha uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya burahari. Hanyuma, uzavumbura uburyo bwo gusuzuma aya mahitamo kubisabwa byumushinga wawe.
Ibyingenzi
Amashanyarazi yirwanaho: Zinc ikora nka 'anode yigitambo, ' irinda ibyuma byagaragaye nubwo igifuniko cyashushanijwe (gikora kuri radiyo 5mm).
Ikiguzi cya Lifecycle (LCC): Itanga imyaka igera ku 50-100 yo kubungabunga ubuzima bwawe butarangwamo ibidukikije bisanzwe, biruta cyane irangi risanzwe.
Ubwoko bwibintu: Uburyo bwo gutunganya (urugero, Bishyushye-Bishyushye na Electrogalvanised) byerekana ubunini bwibikoresho, isura, nuburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha.
Ingaruka zo Gushyira mu bikorwa: Gusudira bisaba protocole yumutekano ikomeye kubera imyuka y’ubumara ya zinc, kandi kubika bidakwiye bishobora gutera kwangirika byihuse binyuze kuri 'ingese yera. '
Ubumenyi bwa Galvanisation: Uburyo Irinda Kunanirwa
Kumva uburyo zinc irinda ibyuma bisaba kureba munsi yubutaka. Uburyo bwo gukingira bushingiye kuri metallurgie physique na electrochemie.
Ihame rya Anode
Uburyo bwibanze bwo kwirwanaho ni ukurinda catodiki. Zinc ikora nk'icyuma gikora cyane, cyangwa anodic, ugereranije nicyuma cya karubone. Iyo ihuye na electrolyte nkamazi yimvura, ibyuma byombi bigize selile ya galvanic. Kuberako zinc iruhukiye hejuru kuri anodic index, itanga ubuntu kubuntu. Ihindura mbere. Mu kwigomwa, irinda icyuma cyibanze. Uku kwirwanaho kwamashanyarazi bikomeje gukora nubwo ushushanya hejuru. Zinc izarinda ibyuma byerekanwe kugeza kuri milimetero 5 kuva aho byangiritse.
Inzitizi ifatika & Metallurgie
Benshi bibwira ko ababikora bafatisha zinc gusa ibyuma. Ibi ntabwo aribyo. Ibikorwa bishyushye mubyukuri bitera metallurgical reaction ikomeye. Iyo abakoresha binjije ibyuma muri zinc yashonze, ibyuma interdiffuse. Zikora neza cyane zinc-fer intermetallic layers. Ibice byimbere byimbere bikunze kugerageza cyane kuruta ibyuma shingiro ubwabyo. Kubwibyo, batanga imbaraga zo kurwanya abrasion. Iyo ibikoresho biremereye byibasiye icyuma, igicucu cyinyuma cya zinc gikurura ingaruka mugihe ibice byimbere bikomeye birinda gouges zimbitse.
Gucunga Ibiteganijwe
Ugomba gushyiraho ibyifuzo bifatika. Abantu bakunze kwibeshya ibyuma bya galvanised kubikoresho byangiza ingese. Ipitingi ya zinc ikomeza kuba umutungo ukoreshwa. Ibidukikije bigena neza-gutwika-igipimo cya zinc. Ibidukikije nibimara gutakaza iki cyiciro cyo gukingira, ibyuma fatizo byerekanwe byanze bikunze bizangirika. Ntushobora guhagarika kubora amaherezo, ariko urashobora kubihanura. Mugupima ubushuhe bwaho n’umwanda, injeniyeri zirashobora kugereranya neza igihe gisigaye cyo kwishyiriraho.
Ubwoko bwibyuma bya Galvanised hamwe nibintu bifatika
Abaguzi bagomba kugendana matrike igoye mugihe cyo gutanga amasoko. Uburyo bwo gutunganya buteganya gutwikira uburebure, isura igaragara, hamwe nibisabwa byiza. Reka dusenye amahitamo asanzwe.
Andika |
Inzira |
Kugaragara |
Koresha Urubanza |
Bishyushye (HDG) |
Yinjijwe muri 840 ° F yashongeshejwe zinc |
Umubyimba, kristaline (spangle) |
Ibikorwa remezo byo hanze |
Amashanyarazi (EG) |
Umuyagankuba muri saline |
Ntoya, yoroshye, matte |
Imodoka, ibikoresho byo mu rugo |
Galvannealed |
Bishyushye noneho bishyushye |
Icyatsi kibisi, nta kangaratete |
Ibice bigize imiterere |
Mbere |
Gukomeza kwihuta cyane |
Uniform, kurangiza neza |
Amashanyarazi yakozwe cyane |
Gushyushya-Gushushanya (HDG)
Hot-dip galvanizing iracyari igipimo cyuzuye kubikorwa remezo biremereye. Abahinguzi binjiza ibice byibyuma byahimbwe mukibindi cya zinc gishongeshejwe gishyuha hafi 840 ° F. Ibi birema umubyimba udasanzwe, uramba cyane. Mugihe icyuma gikonje, gikura kenshi muburyo butandukanye bwa kristaline izwi nka spangle. HDG yiganjemo porogaramu zo hanze aho kuramba cyane kurenza impungenge zuburanga.
Amashanyarazi (EG)
Electrogalvanizing ihindura rwose uburyo bwo gusaba. Ababikora bashyira ibyuma mumuti wa saline irimo ion zinc. Binjiza amashanyarazi, bahatira zinc gushira hejuru yicyuma. Iyi nzira itanga ibisubizo byoroshye, kurangiza neza. Ntuzabona kristu ya kristu hano. Itanga irangi ridasanzwe. Ba injeniyeri bahitamo EG kumubiri wimodoka cyangwa ibikoresho byo murugo aho kwisiga bifite akamaro.
Ibyuma bya Galvannealed
Galvannealing ikoresha inzira yubuhanga. Icyuma gihita gishyuha, ariko ababikora bahita banyura mu itanura rya annealing mbere yuko zinc ikomera. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe butuma ibyuma biva mubyuma bikwirakwira muri zinc. Itanga ibara ryijimye, rifite ubuso buke. Icyuma cya Galvannealed gifata irangi neza cyane. Itanga kandi gusudira neza, bigatuma ikundwa mubikorwa byinganda.
Mbere ya Galvanised (Ibikurikira)
Ibikoresho bikoresha uburyo bwa pre-galvanizing kubikorwa byinshi. Bitunganya ubudahwema galvanised coil coil kumuvuduko mwinshi. Urusyo rufungura ibyuma byambaye ubusa kandi runyura mu bwiherero bwa zinc yashonze. Ibyuma byo mu kirere bihanagura vuba amazi arenze kugirango byemeze neza. Ababikora noneho bagabanye ibikoresho ibyuma byerekana ibyuma mbere yo guhimba bwa nyuma. Ubu buryo butuma ibiciro bigabanuka mugihe gikomeza urwego rukingira.
Isuzuma ryimikorere: Inyungu nimbibi zikorwa
Abashakashatsi bashidikanya bakeneye ibimenyetso byemeza amahitamo yibintu. Ugomba gusuzuma ikibazo gifatika cyubucuruzi bugarukira aho bugarukira.
Urubanza rwubucuruzi (Inyungu)
Igiciro cyambere cyambere: Igicapo cya Zinc kigura cyane ugereranije no kuvura ibyuma hamwe na polymers yateye imbere cyane cyangwa kuzamura ibimera bidasanzwe.
Zero-Gufata neza Kwizerwa: Inganda ntizishobora kugura igihe. Imirasire y'izuba n'umuyaga itakaza amafaranga menshi mugihe ibikoresho bihagaze. Zinc itanga imyaka mirongo yimikorere yizewe idasaba gukoraho.
Kugenzura Byoroshye: Urashobora kugenzura ubwinshi bwububiko hamwe nubwiza bwihuse. Abagenzuzi basuzuma ubuso ku jisho kandi bagakoresha ibipimo bya magnetiki byoroshye, bitangiza.
Ibidukikije & Gutunganya imipaka (Ubucuruzi-bwo)
Ntushobora gukoresha zinc ahantu hose. Ifite intege nke zizahungabanya ubusugire bwimiterere iyo yirengagijwe.
pH Ibyiyumvo: Zinc yangirika vuba mubidukikije bya acide cyane cyangwa alkaline cyane. Imvura ya aside, umwanda mwinshi, cyangwa guhora uhura namazi yumunyu bizihutisha cyane kwangirika. Ibikoresho bikora neza muri pH zidafite aho zibogamiye hagati ya 6 na 12.
Ibyago byubuzima mubihimbano: Gusudira bitera ingaruka zikomeye z'umutekano. Zinc itetse ku bushyuhe buke kuruta gushonga ibyuma. Iyo ukoresheje itara ryo gusudira, zinc ihumeka ako kanya. Guhumeka ibyo byuka byubumara bitera Metal Fume Fever, bizana ibimenyetso nkibicurane. Ibikoresho bisaba guhumeka bidasanzwe kugirango birinde abakozi.
Ingano yubunini: Ibintu bishyushye bihura nimbaraga zumubiri. Ibipimo byoguswera bigabanya ubunini bwibigize. Niba ibiti byubatswe birenze ubunini bwa vat, abahimbyi bagomba kubicamo ibice cyangwa gushaka ubundi buryo bwo gutwikira.
Ibyuma bya Galvanised na Steel: Ibyuma byerekana urutonde
Amatsinda yamasoko akunze kujya impaka hagati ya zinc coatings hamwe na alloys. Ugomba gukoresha mu buryo butaziguye, ibintu bishingiye kuri logique kugirango uhamagare neza.
Kurwanya ruswa
Ibyuma bitagira umwanda bishingiye ku kwikiza kwa chromium oxyde. Iyo ushushanyije, ogisijeni ihita ifata hamwe na chromium kugirango ushireho icyuho. Iruta cyane zinc mubidukikije bikabije cyangwa inyanja. Ibinyuranye, igipande cya zinc ni igitambo rwose. Igabanuka ubudahwema mugihe runaka. Iyo bimaze kubura, ibyuma bifite zeru bisigaye birwanaho.
Imbaraga & Ibiro
Stainless muri rusange itsindira mubikorwa bya mashini mbisi. Impinduka zohejuru-zitagira ingese zitanga imbaraga zingana na MPa 1300. Ibyuma bisanzwe byubatswe byubatswe hagati ya 400 na 840 MPa. Niba uhuye nuburemere bukabije kandi ukeneye ubushobozi ntarengwa bwo kwikorera imitwaro, ingese itanga imbaraga nziza-yuburemere.
Kwubahiriza Inganda
Abagenzuzi bubahiriza inshingano zikomeye. Stainless ni itegeko rwose kubikorwa byinshi byo gutunganya ibiryo hamwe nubuvuzi. Itanga ubuso budahwitse, butitesha agaciro burwanya imikurire ya bagiteri. Zinc yangirika vuba iyo ihuye nibiryo bya acide nk'inyanya cyangwa citrusi. Ntugomba na rimwe kwerekana ibyuma bisize zinc kugirango ubone ibiryo bitaziguye.
Ikiguzi Cyiza
Ubukungu butonesha cyane zinc. Igipimo Imiterere yicyuma itanga hafi 80% yingirakamaro yibyuma bidafite ingese ku gice gito cyibiciro fatizo. Stainless akenshi igura inshuro enye kugeza kuri eshanu kuri pound. Ikinyuranyo kinini cyibiciro bituma zinc ihitamo byanze bikunze kubikorwa remezo bishingiye kubikorwa.
Ibikorwa byo Gushyira mubikorwa: Igishushanyo, Ibipimo, nububiko
Kumenya siyanse yibanze bivuze bike niba unaniwe mugihe cyo gukora. Igishushanyo mbonera hamwe no kutitonda byangiza toni ibihumbi byicyuma buri mwaka.
Igishushanyo cya Galvanizing
Abahimbyi bagomba gukora injeniyeri kubwogero bwashongeshejwe. Ugomba gushushanya ibice bifite umuyaga uhagije hamwe nu mwobo. Niba wubatse ikariso ifunze, umwuka wafashwe uzarinda zinc gutwikira inkuta zimbere. Ikirushijeho kuba kibi, amazi yose yafashwe cyangwa ubuhehere bizahita bicika mu bwogero bwa 840 ° F. Uku kwaguka gutera umuvuduko ukabije, gutandukanya cyane ibyuma no kubangamira abakozi bo mu ruganda.
Kubika & Gukemura (Irinde Ingese Yera)
Ububiko budakwiye busenya ibarura vuba. Iyo ubuhehere bumaze gufatwa hagati yimyenda yicyuma cyangwa igiceri, bitera okiside ikaze. Kwamburwa karuboni ya dioxyde yubusa, hejuru ikora ifu yifu ya zinc oxyde izwi nka 'ingese yera. ' Kugira ngo wirinde iryo gabanuka, kurikiza aya mategeko:
Bika ibikoresho byose mumazu igihe cyose bishoboka.
Menya neza ko ububiko buguma bwumye kandi buhumeka neza.
Uzamure imigozi hasi ukoresheje ibiti.
Fata inguni gato kugirango wemererwe hamwe.
Sisitemu ya Duplex (Gushushanya hejuru ya HDG)
Ba injeniyeri bakunze guhuza uburyo bubiri bwo kwirwanaho. Gushushanya hejuru yubuso bushya butera imbaraga cyane 'Sisitemu ya Duplex. ' Irangi ririnda zinc kutagira imiti nubushuhe. Hagati aho, zinc irinda ingese kunyerera munsi ya firime irangi iyo ishushanyije. Uku guhuza imbaraga kwagura ubuzima rusange muri ruswa hafi ya 2X ugereranije no gukoresha irangi cyangwa zinc wenyine.
Kubahiriza
Ntuzigere wishingikiriza kumvugo yatanzwe nabatanga isoko. Buri gihe saba ibikoresho bihuye neza nibisobanuro bisanzwe. Muri Amerika ya Ruguru, vuga ASTM A123 kubicuruzwa byubatswe na ASTM A153 kubikoresho byuma. Ibipimo bikaze byemeza muburyo bukwiye bwo gutwikira kandi byemeza uburinganire bwuzuye.
Umwanzuro
Ibyuma bya galvanizasi bikomeza kubahenze cyane kandi byateganijwe kwangirika kwangirika kuboneka kubikorwa remezo rusange. Muguhuza urwego rukora rwa zinc ibyuma bikomeye bya karubone, abayikora bakora ibicuruzwa birwanya ihohoterwa rikabije mugihe basaba kubungabunga zeru.
Mugihe uhitamo ibikoresho byawe, burigihe ushushanya mbere ibidukikije. Menya ubuhehere bwaho, urugero rwumunyu, na acide. Ibikurikira, menya igihe cyawe gisabwa kandi usuzume ibyo ukeneye. Niba itsinda ryanyu riteganya gusudira cyangwa gusiga irangi ibyuma cyane, ibi bintu bigomba gutwara amahitamo yawe ya nyuma hagati yubushyuhe-bushyushye, amashanyarazi, cyangwa guhoraho.
Fata ingamba mbere yo kurangiza impapuro zawe. Baza mu buryo butaziguye na metallurgiste kugirango uganire ku bipimo byihariye byumushinga. Gusaba ibisobanuro byerekana neza ibisabwa ASTM bijyanye kugirango ishoramari ryawe rikore neza nkuko byari byitezwe.
Ibibazo
Ikibazo: Ese ibyuma bya galvanised amaherezo byangirika?
Igisubizo: Yego. Ipitingi ya zinc nigitambo kandi izashira mugihe. Ariko, mubihe bisanzwe byikirere, iyi nzira irashobora gufata imyaka 50 kugeza hejuru yimyaka 100. Ibyuma byimbere byangirika gusa iyo ibidukikije bimaze kumara igice cya zinc kirinda.
Ikibazo: Urashobora 'gukuba kabiri ' ibyuma bya galvanis kugirango ubone igifuniko kinini?
Igisubizo: No. 'Kwibira kabiri ' mu nganda bivuga gusa guhinduranya igice kinini cyane kuri vat kugirango yambare impande zombi.
Ikibazo: Niki 'ubukonje bukabije '?
Igisubizo: Ubukonje bukabije ni kwibeshya. Mubisanzwe bivuga irangi rikungahaye kuri zinc rikoreshwa hamwe na brush cyangwa spray. Mugihe itanga uburinzi bwa galvanic, ntabwo irema umuringa urambye wa metallurgical ya hot-dip galvanizing kandi igomba gukoreshwa cyane cyane gukoraho.
