ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯤꯡ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯖꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯂꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯊꯥ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯥꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯣꯐꯤꯛ ꯄꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯐꯦꯏꯂꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯏ: ꯍꯣꯌ, ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯝꯃꯔꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ 'ꯗꯨꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ.' ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯅꯦꯔꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯟꯁ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ-ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯚꯦꯟꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯏꯄꯣꯛꯁꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯕꯖꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯇꯔꯂꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯒꯥꯏꯗꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯦꯁꯋꯔꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯥꯏꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯌꯨꯔꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯤꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯚꯥꯔꯅꯤꯁ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ, ꯑꯁꯣꯏ-ꯑꯉꯥꯝ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯅꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯖꯤꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫
ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯀꯑꯣꯌꯦꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯐꯅꯦꯁ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏ: ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯦꯗꯍꯦꯟꯁ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯗꯅꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯆꯍꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ: ꯅꯧꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ, ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯋꯦꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯦꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯄꯥꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯀꯥꯏꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯂꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯨ: ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ (ꯁꯦꯄꯣꯅꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ)ꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯟ-ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯄꯣꯟ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯑꯂꯇꯔꯅꯦꯇꯤꯚꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯏꯚꯥꯜꯌꯨꯑꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯝꯕꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯕꯦꯔꯦ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯂꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯄꯥꯔꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ-ꯔꯤꯆ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯠ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ (HDG) ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ROI ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
'ꯗꯨꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ'ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯕꯤꯖꯤꯅꯦꯁ ꯀꯦꯁ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯗꯨꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯠ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯗ (ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯗꯤ.ꯖꯤ.) ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯌꯨꯏꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯔ ꯇꯣꯄꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯇꯦꯖꯤꯛ ꯀꯝꯕꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ASTM D6386 ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯀꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯅꯦꯔꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯥꯎꯠꯀꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯐꯤꯜꯃ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯐꯤꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯂꯨꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯥꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯇꯣꯗꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔ-ꯐꯤꯜꯃ ꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯖ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ-ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯟꯁ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯖꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯗꯨꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁ ꯂꯥꯏꯐ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯈꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯐꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ 1.5ꯗꯒꯤ 2.5 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯐꯪꯗꯦ; ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯜꯇꯤꯄꯜ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯖꯤꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯂꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ-ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯟꯅ-ꯇꯩꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤ-ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯀꯣꯏꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ... ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯥꯔꯀꯤꯇꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯃꯊꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯠꯇꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯁꯤꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫
ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯋꯦꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ 3꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯏꯚꯥꯜꯌꯨꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯃꯋꯥꯔꯀꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯄꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯄꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ... ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯐꯤꯌꯔꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯦ꯫ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ꯫
ꯅꯧꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ (ꯄꯨꯡ ꯰ꯗꯒꯤ ꯴꯸ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ)
ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯤꯟꯗꯣ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫ ꯙꯥꯇꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯟ-ꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯁꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯧꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯟꯗꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯂꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯀꯔ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯋꯦꯗꯔ (ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ 2ꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ 1 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ) – ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯅꯤ꯫ ꯊꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯁꯥꯏꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯉꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯩꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯨꯖ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯂꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯣꯀꯊꯕꯥ ꯅꯥꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯦꯗꯔ (ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱+)
ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯣꯛꯁꯥꯏꯗ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯥ, ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯅꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ ꯁꯕꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯥꯌꯈꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯋꯦꯗꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ꯫ |
ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ꯫ |
ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ |
ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ꯫ |
ꯅꯧꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ꯫ |
ꯄꯨꯡ ꯰ꯗꯒꯤ ꯴꯸ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ꯫ |
ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯅꯟ-ꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁ꯫ |
ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ; ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯆꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ |
ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯋꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ |
ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯲ꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ꯫ |
ꯑꯉꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯔ ꯔꯨꯁ꯭ꯠ (ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯥꯏꯗ/ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯁꯥꯏꯗ) |
ꯂꯨꯖ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫ |
ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯦꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ |
꯱ ꯆꯍꯤ+ |
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ꯫ |
ꯃꯥꯏꯜꯗ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ; ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ꯫ |
ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯄꯥꯔꯦꯁꯟ: ꯐꯦꯏꯂꯔ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯦꯗꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯅꯥ ꯗꯨꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯦꯕꯣꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯐꯦꯏꯂꯔ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ (ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯦꯠ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ)
ꯐꯦꯁꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯧꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯦꯠ ꯕꯥꯊꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯄꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯦꯖ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟ ꯊꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯜ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ASTM B201 ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯜ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯦꯗꯔ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯂꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯨꯐ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯩꯁꯥ, ꯊꯥꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯤꯛ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯇꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ:
ꯑꯂꯀꯥꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯤꯛ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ 25:1) ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯥꯎ꯫
ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯤꯛ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫
ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ, ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯎ꯫
ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯂꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯨꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯏꯠ ꯚꯤꯅꯦꯒꯥꯔ ꯋꯥꯏꯞ ꯗꯥꯎꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ ꯑꯦꯆ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯂꯤꯡ (ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯀꯔ ꯄꯦꯇꯔꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ)
ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤꯛ ꯚꯦꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯀꯔ ꯄꯦꯇꯔꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯙꯥꯇꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯟꯗꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫
ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ (ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.-ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯄꯤ. ꯱꯶): ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯂꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯣ-ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯣꯖꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ 30 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 60ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫ ꯂꯣ-ꯍꯥꯔꯗꯅꯦꯁ ꯑꯦꯕꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯑꯦꯕꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯣꯍꯁ ꯍꯥꯔꯗꯅꯦꯁ 5 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ (ꯋꯥꯂꯅꯠ ꯁꯦꯜ, ꯀꯣꯔꯅꯀꯣꯕ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯔꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯂꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ)ꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯟ 200 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 500ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯨ꯫
ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ 90-ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯣꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯜꯗ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯜꯇ ꯇꯧ꯫
ꯋꯥꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ / ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯦꯂꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤ-ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ: ꯃꯁꯤ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯤꯛ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯕꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯌꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ: ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯁꯣꯌꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯀꯥꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯦꯇꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯔꯨꯜ (ꯀꯔꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯇꯒꯗꯒꯦ)
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯀꯥꯏꯗꯇꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯂꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯊꯃꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯀꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯀꯥꯏꯗ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯁꯦꯄꯣꯅꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯂꯀꯥꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯐꯤꯜꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯄꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯇꯔꯜ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯄꯣꯅꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯤꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯈꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯐꯦꯏꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯒꯔꯦꯟꯇꯤ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫
ꯑꯦꯞꯔꯨꯕ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯀꯀꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯥꯔꯤ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯁꯀꯈꯉꯏ꯫
ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯜꯐ-ꯑꯦꯆꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ: ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯠ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯲꯷ꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯦꯂꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯇꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ: ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯊꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯦꯂꯤꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯀꯇꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯤꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯄꯣꯅꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯕꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯄꯥꯔꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯇꯣꯄꯀꯣꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯝ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯔꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯄꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯀꯤꯇꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇ-ꯇꯨ-ꯃꯦꯇꯜ (ꯗꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯝ.) ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯦꯂꯤꯛ ꯂꯦꯇꯦꯛꯁ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯝ.
ꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯑꯦꯅꯚꯥꯏꯔꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯄꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯤꯟ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯕꯥꯇꯤꯛ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯟꯅꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯔ ꯀꯣꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯣꯔ ꯄꯨꯂꯒꯤ ꯚꯦꯄꯣꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯅꯥꯔꯤꯑꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ-ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯋꯥꯟ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯞ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯆꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯕꯣꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯀꯦꯇꯦꯒꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ꯫ |
ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡ / ꯃꯈꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫ |
ꯗꯨꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ꯫ |
ꯑꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫ |
ꯑꯦꯂꯀꯥꯏꯗ ꯏꯅꯥꯃꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯂꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫ |
ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯁꯦꯄꯣꯅꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ (ꯁꯥꯄꯣꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ |
ꯑꯦꯞꯔꯨꯕ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫ |
ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯄꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯲꯷, ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯦꯂꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯇꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯋꯥꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫ |
ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯦꯒꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯤ꯫ |
ꯑꯥꯏꯗꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯇꯣꯄꯀꯣꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫ |
ꯗꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯦꯂꯤꯛ ꯂꯦꯇꯦꯛꯁ, ꯗꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯏꯅꯥꯃꯦꯜ, ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯉꯊꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫ |
ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯀꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯀꯥꯌꯗꯕꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁꯤꯕꯜ, ꯋꯦꯗꯔ-ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯕꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ |
ꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇꯔ-ꯑꯥꯔꯒꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ: ꯀꯗꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ + ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯒꯦ꯫
ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯠ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ, ꯃꯜꯇꯤ-ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯊꯥꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯗꯨꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯏꯃꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ & ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ꯫
ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ꯫ ꯐꯤꯜꯗ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯟ-ꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯋꯦꯜꯗꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯋꯦꯜꯗꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ HDG ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯦꯜꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯔꯦꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯠ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯆꯦꯟꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯏꯛ ꯂꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯃꯤ꯫
ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯕꯥꯊꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯈꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯃꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯑꯥꯔꯀꯤꯇꯦꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯞꯄꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯄꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯀꯤꯇꯦꯀꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯂꯔꯦꯟꯁꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ASTM A384ꯒꯤ ꯒꯥꯏꯗꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯍꯤꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫
ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯄꯥꯔꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔ ꯑꯣꯂꯇꯔꯅꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯄꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯟꯅꯧ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝ ꯃꯦꯔꯤꯟ-ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯇꯣꯄꯀꯣꯠ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ 'ꯅꯤꯌꯔ-ꯍꯣꯏꯠ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ' ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯤꯌꯔ-ꯍꯣꯏꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯩꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫
ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯖꯤꯛ꯫
ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯟ ꯁꯤꯅꯥꯔꯤꯑꯣꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯂꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯚꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯍꯣꯠ-ꯗꯤꯞ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯤꯡ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ-ꯔꯤꯆ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯆꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯂꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯎ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯄꯥꯔꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯇꯣꯄꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯂꯣ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯌꯥꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ, ꯊꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯆꯦꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯕ
ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯟꯗꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯔꯇꯀꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯂꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯂꯀꯥꯏꯗꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯄꯥꯌꯈꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯋꯥꯔꯀꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯛꯌꯨꯔꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡ ꯇꯤꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯌꯨ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯄꯥꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ASTM D6386 ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ SSPC-SP 16ꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯥꯏꯑꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯀꯥꯌꯗꯕꯥ ꯗꯨꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯦ.ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ
ꯋꯥꯍꯪ : ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕ꯭ꯔꯥ?
ꯎ: ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯗꯕꯥ, ꯅꯧꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯆ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯣ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯥꯏꯜ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯋꯥꯍꯪ : ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ?
ꯎ: ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇ-ꯇꯨ-ꯃꯦꯇꯜ (DTM) ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯦꯂꯤꯛ ꯂꯦꯇꯦꯛꯁ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯦꯂꯤꯛ ꯏꯅꯥꯃꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯀꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯟ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯞ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯀꯥꯏꯗ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯂꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯄꯣꯅꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯋꯥꯍꯪ : ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯩꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯀꯄꯥ (ꯋꯦꯗꯔ) ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ?
ꯎ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ 'ꯋꯥꯏꯠ ꯔꯁ꯭ꯠ' (ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯥꯏꯗ) ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯒꯤ ꯃꯩꯁꯥ (red rust) ꯎꯔꯕꯗꯤ, ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯔꯨꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯤꯃꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯖꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯆ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯋꯥꯍꯪ : ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯂꯚꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯜ ꯀꯣꯏꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ?
ꯎ: ꯍꯣꯌ꯫ ꯀꯣꯏꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯦꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯂꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯄꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯐ-ꯑꯦꯆꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯔꯦꯂꯤꯀꯇꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯇꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
