Intangiriro
Muburyo bwo kwerekana ibikoresho bigamije, gusobanukirwa uburyohe ni ngombwa kugirango ategure kode ikomeye kandi iboneye. Ibitekerezo bya leta birinzwe kandi byigenga bigira uruhare runini mu gukomera, hagira ihame shingiro ryemerera igihugu cyikintu. Abashinzwe iterambere bakunze guhangana no guhitamo hagati yibi bisobanuro byombi kugirango bagereranye neza kandi umutekano muburyo bwabo. Iyi ngingo isimburira nogence yabanyamuryango barinzwe , ikoresha ingaruka zabo mu ndimi zitandukanye.
Gusobanukirwa uburyo bwo kubona impinduka
Kwinjira nijambo ryibanze bikoreshwa mu ndimi zishingiye kubintu kugirango ushireho uburyo bwo kugera kumasomo, uburyo, nibihinduka. Basobanura uburyo abagize itsinda bashobora kugerwaho mubindi bice bya gahunda. Impinduka zibanze zo kubona zirimo kurinzwe , kwikorera , wenyine , kandi rimwe na rimwe zisanzwe cyangwa imbere , bitewe nururimi.
Guhindura kumugaragaro
Abanyamuryango batangajwe ko rubanda ruri ku rundi rwego urwo ari rwo. Uru rwego rwo kugerwaho rwemerera igihe gito gishoboka ariko kirashobora kuganisha ku mikoranire idateganijwe kandi ikagabanuka gukabije.
Guhindura abigenga
Guhindura abikorera ku giti cyabo bigabanya kugaragara kubagize ibyiciro bitarimo amasomo batangajwe. Ibi byemeza urwego rwo hejuru rwo gukomeye, kubuza ibyiciro byo hanze kuva mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa guhindura abo banyamuryango.
Kurinda uburyo bwo guhindura abantu
Abanyamuryango bafite modifier barinzwe baragenda baboneka mubyiciro byabo ndetse no mumasomo akomoka. Izi nzego zigerageza kuringaniza hagati yigenga na rubanda , zemerera amasuka gukoresha no kwagura imikorere mugihe ukomeje urwego rukomeye.
Private Vs. Kurinda: Itandukaniro ryingenzi
Itandukaniro ryibanze hagati yihariye kandi ririnzwe kubona uburyo bwo guhitamo buringaniye murwego rwo kugenwa rutangiwe kumatsinda n'amasomo yo hanze.
Kugerwaho mu mashami
Abagize abigenga ntibashobora kuboneka mu mashami, nubwo subClass iri muri paki imwe cyangwa module. Ibi bivuze ko uburyo cyangwa impinduka zatangajwe nkumuntu wenyine ntushobora kuragwa cyangwa gukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye mubyiciro byakomonwa. Ibinyuranye, abanyamuryango barinzwe birashoboka mu mashami, bemerera umurage na Polymorphism bakora neza.
Gutandukanya n'umutekano
Gukoresha abanyamuryango bigenga kuzamura ibitandukanye mu guhiga amakuru arambuye mu yandi masomo. Ibi birashobora gukumira kwivanga bitateganijwe ariko birashobora kugabanya imbaraga. Kurundi ruhande, abanyamuryango barinzwe bagaragaza ibisobanuro bimwe na bimwe kubayobozi, kuborohereza kwaguka ariko birashoboka ko bishobora guteza ibyago niba bidacungwa nitonze.
Porogaramu zifatika
Guhitamo hagati yo kurindwa kandi yihariye biterwa nibisabwa byihariye bya software.
Igihe cyo gukoresha wenyine
Koresha wenyine mugihe ushaka kubahiriza imico ikomeye. Ibi birakwiriye uburyo bwo gukoresha cyangwa impinduka zidakwiye guhinduka cyangwa kugerwaho hanze yishuri. Irinda leta yimbere kandi yemeza ko guhindura amashuri yimbere ntabwo bigira ingaruka kumasomo yo hanze.
Igihe cyo gukoresha kurinzwe
Hitamo abanyamuryango barinzwe mugihe ushushanya ishuri rigenewe umurage. Ibi bituma abayobozi bagerwaho no guhindura abo banyamuryango, guteza imbere kode yo kongera no kwagura. Ni ngombwa mubikorwa namasomero aho ubugari ari ikintu cyingenzi.
Ingero mu ndimi zitandukanye
Gusobanukirwa uburyo indimi zitandukanye zishyira mu bikorwa abayoboke benshi ni ngombwa kubera iterambere ryambukiranya ururimi no gutanga ubushobozi bwuzuye bwo gutanga ibikoresho.
Java
Muri Java, modifier yo kumenya uburyo bwo kugaragara muri paki imwe no kuri disikuru nubwo bari mubipaki bitandukanye. Guhindura abigenga bigabanya uburyo bwo gutangaza amasomo yo gutangaza gusa. Dore urugero:
public class Parent {
protected void display() {
// Protected method
}
}
public class Child extends Parent {
public void show() {
display(); // kugerwaho
}
}
C ++
C ++ ikurikira urugero, ariko hiyongereyeho kwerekana urwego rwo guhuza. Abanyamuryango barinzwe bagerwaho mumasomo akomoka, mugihe abanyamuryango bigenga atari bo.
icyiciro shingiro {
kirinzwe:
int pereteatvar;
abikorera:
int wenyine;
;
Ishuri rikomoka: Base rusange {
imikorere idahwitse () {
peretewar = 1; //
Kwikoreragereza = 1; // ntabwo kugerwaho
}
};
Ingaruka zo gushushanya
Guhitamo hagati yo kurinda kandi abikorera bigira ingaruka kumpinduka n'umutekano wa code yawe.
Ubugari
Ukoresheje abanyamuryango barinzwe bongera ubushobozi bwo kongera amasomo yawe. Amaduka arashobora kuzungura no gukoresha aba banyamuryango kugirango yubake ku mikorere isanzwe utahinduye icyiciro shingiro.
Kubungabunga
Kwishora mubyiciro byimbere hamwe ninzwe birashobora gutera ibibazo byo kubungabunga. Impinduka mubyiciro shingiro birashobora kugira ingaruka kumatsinda mu buryo butunguranye, bigatuma codebase ikagora gucunga.
Imyitozo myiza
Gukurikiza ibikorwa byiza byemeza ko gukoresha uburyo bwawe bwo kwinjiza kode aho kubibuza.
Gukunda Umurage Kurenza umurage
Kuromera kubanyamuryango barinzwe birashobora kwerekana ko umurage ukabije. Tekereza gukoresha ibigize kugirango ugere kuri kode, akenshi bivamo kode yoroshye kandi ikomeza.
Ubuntu bukenewe
Tanga urwego ruto rwibikorwa bisabwa. Niba umunyamuryango adakeneye kuboneka na disikuru, kora wenyine . Iyi myitozo igabanya ubushobozi bwingaruka zidateganijwe.
Inyigo
Gusuzuma ibintu byisi-yisi aho guhitamo uburyo bwo kubona impinduka bushobora gutanga ubushishozi.
Gufungura-Inkomoko
Urwego rwinshi rugaragaza abanyamuryango barinze barinzwe kwemerera abatezimbere kwagura amasomo ashima. Kurugero, murwego rwurubuga, ibyiciro byigenzura bafatiwe akenshi bifite uburyo bwarinzwe bushobora kurengerwa kugirango bahindure imyitwarire.
Ingaruka z'umutekano ziva mu buryo bukabije
Habayeho aho gukoresha nabi kwarinzwe kubona bituma umutekano ukemura ibibazo. Amaduka yabonetse kandi yahinduwe mubyiciro byimbere munzira zitateganijwe, itera guhungabana no kurenga.
Ingaruka Ziranga Ururimi
Ibiranga Ururimi-Ibiranga birashobora guhindura uburyo uburyo bwo kubona kandi bugomba gusuzumwa mugihe acugura software.
Icyiciro cyinshuti muri C ++
C ++ itangiza igitekerezo cyamasomo yinshuti n'imikorere, bishobora kubona abanyamuryango babikorera kandi barinzwe nindi shuri. Iyi mikorere yongeyeho imbaraga zo kugera no kugenzura kandi igomba gukoreshwa mubushishozi.
Ibitekerezo muri Java na C #
Indimi nka Java na C # Emerera gutekereza, zishobora kubona abanyamuryango bigenga muri gahunda. Mugihe ufite imbaraga, ubu busobanuro bushobora guhungabanya igenzura kandi bigomba gukemurwa no kwitabwaho.
Kwipimisha no Kugera
Kwinjira birashobora kugira ingaruka kubushobozi bwo kwipimisha neza.
Kwipimisha abanyamuryango bigenga
Kwipimisha abanyamuryango bigenga muri rusange baracitse intege. Ahubwo, ibizamini bigomba kwibanda kumikino rusange. Ariko, ibi birashobora rimwe na rimwe gutuma bigorana kugera kuri kode yuzuye.
Abanyamuryango barinzwe mu kwipimisha
Gukoresha abanyamuryango barinzwe birashobora koroshya ibizamini bakwemerera amashami yikizamini kugirango agere kandi ahindure imyitwarire yitsinda. Ubu buhanga burashobora kuba ingirakamaro ariko igomba gukurikizwa yitonze kugirango irinde kumenyekanisha ibiturwa kubisobanuro birambuye byo gushyira mubikorwa.
Guhungabana no kubona impinduka
Kode yo guhuza irashobora kubamo guhindura imikoreshereze yo kunoza imiterere nubufatanye.
Kugabanuka Kugerwaho
cyo kunoza, tekereza kugabanya abanyamuryango kugaragariza rubanda cyangwa burinzwe wenyine Mugihe niba hataba hakenewe kuboneka. Iyi myitozo yongerera imbaraga kandi igabanya ibyago byimikoranire idateganijwe.
Kwirinda guhinduka
Mugihe uhinduraho urwego rusanzwe muri API, jya witondera kumena impinduka. Kugabanya kuboneka birashobora gutera amakosa yo kurega muri API yawe.
Ingingo Zimbere
Gushakisha ibitekerezo byateye imbere birashobora kwimbitse gusobanukirwa no gushyira mubikorwa byo kumenya.
Kwinjira muburyo bwo gushushanya
Igishushanyo mbonera gikunze gutegeka kwinjira. Kurugero, imiterere ya sington isaba kubaka umwihariko gukumira amaherezo yishuri.
Ahindura muri plamhitreating
Mu mikino myinshi, uburyo bwo kubona ibintu bugira uruhare mu mutekano. Abagize abigenga barashobora kwirinda ibibazo bifatika ariko bakeneye uburyo bwo kugera mugihe basangiwe hakunzwe.
Umwanzuro
Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yo kubanzwe kandi yihariye yo kugengwa ningirakamaro mugutanga kode ifatika. Mugihe yihariye yemeza ko utandukanye, abayoboke b'abanyamuryango bakingiwe batanga uburimbane mu kwemerera uburyo bwo kubona. Gufata ibyemezo bimenyerewe kubyerekeye inzego ziyongera umutekano, kubungabunga, no kwaguka.
Mugukurikiza imigenzo myiza no gusuzuma ingaruka za buri mugorozi, abaterankunga barashobora gukora ubwubatsi bukomeye kandi bworoshye. Kwishura uburyo bukwiye bwo kugera nubuhanga bukomeye bugira uruhare muri rusange no gutsinda imishinga ya software.
