I-Tinplate licwecwe elicekethekileyo lentsimbi eliqatywe ngetoti kwaye lidume ngokuxhathisa ukubola, ukuthengiseka, kunye nobuhle obunomtsalane. Idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwishishini lokupakisha, ngakumbi kukutya okunkonkxiweyo kunye neziselo. Ukongezelela, iimpawu zayo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali-ezifana nokusebenza komqobo ogqwesileyo, ukwakheka, ukuprintwa, kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona-yenza ilungele uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo zamashishini kunye nabathengi. Ukuqonda i Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-tinplate ibalulekile kumashishini axhomekeke kwizisombululo zokupakisha zetsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Imbali yeMveliso yeTinplate
Imvelaphi ye-tinplate isusela kwinkulungwane ye-14 e-Bohemia, ngoku eyiCzech Republic. Ekuqaleni, i-tinplate yayiveliswa ngesandla ngokubethelwa ngetoti kumakhasi entsimbi. Ngokufika kweNguquko yezoShishino, inkqubo yavela kakhulu. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, ukuveliswa kwe-electrolytic tinning kwaguqula imveliso ye-tinplate, ivumela ukugquma okufanayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
Iimpahla ezingekasilwa
Iimathiriyeli zokuqala zokwenziwa kwetinplate yintsimbi enekhabhoni ephantsi kunye netoti. Intsimbi ephantsi kwekhabhoni inika amandla ayimfuneko kunye nokwakheka, ngelixa i-tin inikezela ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nomgangatho ongeyotyhefu olungele ukudibana nokutya. Intsimbi esetyenziswe ngokuqhelekileyo inomxholo wekhabhoni ongaphantsi kwe-0.13%, iqinisekisa ukuba i-final Iphepha leTinplate liyi-ductile kwaye liyakwazi ukubunjwa ngokulula kwiimilo ezahlukahlukeneyo.I-Tinplate iphinda ihambelane neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugqoka kunye ne-lacquers, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kokuphela.
Isishwankathelo seNkqubo yeMveliso
Imveliso yeTinplate ibandakanya amanyathelo abalulekileyo okuqinisekisa imveliso ekumgangatho ophezulu. La manyathelo aquka ukwenza intsimbi, ukuqengqeleka okushushu, ukuqengqeleka okubandayo, ukucocwa, ukufakwa kwee-annealing, ukugquma ngetoti kunye nokugqiba. Isigaba ngasinye silawulwa ngokucokisekileyo ukufezekisa iipropati ezifunwayo zoomatshini kunye nomgangatho womphezulu.
Ukwenza intsimbi
Le nkqubo iqala ngokwenza intsimbi, apho intsimbi ekrwada ityhilwa ukuze ivelise intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo. Le ntsimbi iguqulwa ibe yintsimbi ngokunciphisa umxholo wekhabhoni kunye nokususa ukungcola ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezifana ne-oksijeni eyisiseko yokwenza insimbi okanye ukunyibilika kwe-arc yombane. Intsimbi ebangelwayo ifakwe kwii-slabs ezilungele ukuqengqeleka.
Ukuqengqeleka okushushu
Iintsimbi zentsimbi zifudunyezwa malunga ne-1,200 ° C kwaye zidlula kwii-roller ukunciphisa ubukhulu kakhulu. Ukuqengqeleka okushushu kuguqula ii-slabs zibe ziikhoyili ezishushu ezigoqiweyo ezinobunzima obulungele ukuqhubekeka phambili. Eli nyathelo liphucula ukwakhiwa kweenkozo kunye nokuphucula iimpawu zomatshini.
Ukuqengqeleka okubandayo
Emva kokuqengqeleka okushushu, iikhoyili zentsimbi ziyapholiswa kwaye emva koko ziphantsi kwengqele eqengqelekayo kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi. Ukuqengqeleka okubandayo kunciphisa ngakumbi ubukhulu kwaye kwandisa ukugqitywa komphezulu. Le nkqubo yonyusa amandla entsimbi ngokuqina koxinzelelo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwindawo ebhityileyo, egudileyo elungele ukugquma ngetoti.
Ukucoca nokuLungisa
Ngaphambi kokuba i-tinning, intsimbi eqengqelekayo kufuneka icocwe ngokucokisekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuncamathela okufanelekileyo kwetoti. Inkqubo yokucoca ibandakanya amanqanaba amaninzi:
Ukucoca ngealkaline
Intsimbi yentsimbi igxininiswe kwisisombululo se-alkaline sokususa ioli, igrisi, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo ezifunyenwe ngexesha lokuqengqeleka. Eli nyathelo libalulekile ekuthinteleni iziphene ekugqunyweni kwenkcenkce.
Electrolytic Cleaning
Ukulandela ukucocwa kwe-alkaline, ukucocwa kwe-electrolytic kususa nayiphi na i-oxides eseleyo kunye namasuntswana amahle. Intsimbi yentsimbi idlula kwiseli ye-electrolytic apho umbane wangoku unceda ekukhupheni ukungcola, okukhokelela kwindawo ecocekileyo kakhulu.
Ukukha
Inkqubo yokukhetha isebenzisa isisombululo esincinci se-asidi ukuphelisa nasiphi na isikali esishiyekileyo okanye i-oxide layers. Eli nyathelo liqinisekisa ukuba umphezulu wentsimbi usebenza ngokwemichiza kwaye ulungele ukufakwa kwetoti.
Ukuhlaziya
I-Anealing yenzelwe ukuhlaziya i-microstructure yensimbi, ukuphucula i-ductility kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi. Umcu wentsimbi ufudunyezwa kwisithando somlilo esilawulwayo ukuthintela i-oxidation. Le nkqubo yokufudumeza elawulwayo kunye nokupholisa ilungelelanisa iimpawu zomatshini ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zezicelo ze-tinplate.
Electrolytic Tinning
I-Electrolytic tinning ibandakanya ukugquma umcu wentsimbi olungiselelwe ngetoti usebenzisa inkqubo ye-electroplating. Intsimbi idlula kwiseli ye-electrolytic enesisombululo se-tin. Ngokusebenzisa umsinga wombane, ii-ion zetin zifakwa ngokufanayo kumphezulu wentsimbi. Izinto eziguquguqukayo ezifana nokwakheka kwebhafu, ubushushu, kunye noxinaniso lwangoku lulawulwa ngononophelo ukuze kuphunyezwe ubukhulu obufunwayo bokwaleka kwetoti.
Iimeko zoPlating
Ubunzima bokugquma i-tin bunokuvela kwi-1.0 ukuya kwi-15.0 grams ngemitha yesikwere, kuxhomekeke kwisicelo esijoliswe kuyo. Ubunzima bokugquma kunye nokufana kubalulekile ekusebenzeni, kuchaphazela ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye ne-solderability.
Emva koNyango
Emva kwetinki, umcu wenziwa kunyango lwasemva olufana nokunyibilika (ukuqukuqela okukhazimlayo) ukuphucula ukugqibezela komphezulu kunye nokunyanzeliswa kokunyusa ukuxhathisa kokuhlwa. Ukufakwa kwe-oyile kusenokusetyenziswa ukuthintela ukukrwela ngexesha lokuphatha nokulungisa.
Imilinganiselo yoLawulo loMgangatho
Ulawulo lomgangatho luyimfuneko kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwenziwa kwetinplate. Iindlela zovavanyo ezingonakalisiyo ezifana ne-X-ray fluorescence zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubukhulu be-tin. Ukuhlolwa komphezulu kuchonge naziphi na iziphene ezinje ngemingxuma yezikhonkwane okanye imikrwelo. Iimvavanyo zoomatshini zivavanya iipropathi ezinjengobulukhuni kunye namandla okuqina ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yoshishino.
Usetyenziso lweTinplate
I-tinplate isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lokupakisha. Ubume bayo obugqwesileyo buvumela ukuba ibunjwe kwiitoti, izivalo, kunye nokuvalwa. Ukugquma kwe-tin kunika umqobo okhuselekileyo weemveliso zokutya, ukuthintela ukubola kunye nokungcola. Ukongeza, i-tinplate isetyenziswa kwizinto zombane, iinxalenye zemoto, kunye nezixhobo zendlu ngenxa yokuthengiswa kwayo kunye nobuhle bayo.
Kwizicelo zomgangatho wokutya, i-tinplate isetyenziswa kakhulu ukupakisha imifuno enkonkxiweyo, inyama, ukutya kwaselwandle, iimveliso zobisi, kunye neziselo ezinomgubo. Izinto eziphathekayo zihambelana nemigangatho yokhuseleko lokutya kwaye zinika umgangatho obalaseleyo wokuprinta ngokuthe ngqo okanye iingubo ze-lacquer.
Kwimizi-mveliso, i-tinplate isetyenziselwa iitoti zepeyinti, izikhongozeli ze-aerosol, izihluzi zeoyile, iicasing zebhetri, kunye nezinto zombane. Amandla ayo, i-solderability, kunye nokuchasana neemeko ze-atmospheric kwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo yokusebenza okuphezulu kunye nezisombululo zokugcina ixesha elide.
Iipropati eziphambili ezenza i-tinplate ilungele usetyenziso olwahlukeneyo lubandakanya:
Ukuchasana nokugqwesa kokugqwesa kwiindawo ezineasidi kunye ne-alkaline
Ukungabi nabutyhefu kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yococeko lokutya
I-weldability elungileyo kunye ne-solderability
Ukuprintwa okuphezulu kunye nokugqitywa kokuhlobisa
Umlinganiselo ophezulu wamandla ukuya kubunzima
Ukurisayiklishwa kwakhona ngaphandle kokuthotywa kokusebenza kwezinto
Izinto ezintsha kwiMveliso yeTinplate
Uphuculo lwakutsha nje lujolise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Itekhnoloji eqhubekayo yokuphosa kunye ne-rolling inyuse isantya semveliso. Abaphandi baphonononga ezinye izinto zokugquma kunye neendlela zokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwetoti ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni umgangatho. Amanyathelo okuhlaziya kwakhona abalulekile, njengoko i-tinplate i-100% iphinda isetyenziswe ngaphandle kokulahleka komgangatho, ihambelana neenjongo zozinzo.
Imingeni kuVeliso lweTinplate
Ngaphandle kweenzuzo zayo, imveliso ye-tinplate ijongene nemingeni efana nokuguquguquka kweendleko zemathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nokhuphiswano oluvela kwezinye izinto zokupakisha ezifana neeplastiki kunye ne-aluminiyam. Imithetho yokusingqongileyo ifuna iindlela zokuvelisa ezicocekileyo, ikhuthaza ishishini ukuba lamkele izenzo ezizinzileyo. Ukulinganisa iindleko, umgangatho, kunye neempembelelo zokusingqongileyo zihlala ziyinkxalabo ephambili kubenzi.
IiNdlela zeMarike yeHlabathi
Imakethi ye-tinplate ifumana ukukhula okuzinzileyo, okuqhutywa yimfuno kuqoqosho olusakhulayo. Imimandla yaseAsia-Pacific, ngakumbi iTshayina neIndiya, ikhokela kwimveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kuyilo lokupakisha kunye nokugxila kukhuseleko lokutya kuqhubeleka nokukhuthaza ukwanda kweshishini. Intsebenziswano phakathi kwabavelisi kunye Iiprojekthi ezijolise kuzinzo zibumba amandla emarike exesha elizayo.
Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye noZinzo
Ukurisayikilisha kweTinplate kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni impembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Ukurisayikilisha i-tinplate kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-74% xa kuthelekiswa nokuvelisa intsimbi entsha. Ngaphaya koko, iinzame ziyenziwa zokunciphisa izinto ezikhutshwayo ngexesha lemveliso ngokwamkela ubugcisa bokusebenza kwamandla. Eli shishini likwaphonononga ukusetyenziswa kwezithambisi ezisekwe kwibhayoloji kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali eziyingozi ekusetyenzweni kwazo.
Ukuqukumbela
Imveliso ye-tinplate yinkqubo enzima edibanisa ubuchule be-metallurgical kunye nobuchwepheshe bokuvelisa. Ukuguquguquka kwayo, ukuthembeka, kunye nokhuseleko kuyenza ibaluleke kuwo wonke amacandelo okutya, emizi-mveliso, ombane kunye nabathengi. Ukuqonda indlela eyenziwe ngayo i-tinplate kuqaqambisa ulungelelwaniso oluntsonkothileyo phakathi kwenzululwazi yezinto eziphathekayo, ubunjineli, kunye nolawulo lokusingqongileyo. Njengoko ishishini likhula, ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha okuqhubekayo kunye nozinzo kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba i-tinplate ihlala iyinto ebalulekileyo kwimarike yehlabathi.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga ne-tinplate kunye nezicelo zayo-kubandakanya idatadata zobugcisa kunye neziqinisekiso zokuthotyelwa-iingcali zeshishini zinokuphonononga izixhobo ezibonelelwa ngabavelisi abahamba phambili. Ukuphucula ulwazi kule ndawo kuxhasa ukwenza izigqibo ezingcono ekukhethweni kwezinto eziphathekayo kunye negalelo ekuqhubeleni phambili kwintsimi yokupakisha isinyithi.
