Gusudira Ibyuma bya Galvanised bikomeje kuba imyitozo isanzwe yo guhimba inganda nubuhanga bwubaka. Ipine iramba ya zinc itanga imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa. Ibi bituma ibyo bikoresho ari ntangarugero kubidukikije bikaze kandi bisaba imishinga remezo.
Ariko, kwinjiza ibyo bikoresho bizana ibibazo bitandukanye byuma byumutekano n’umutekano ugereranije no gukora ibyuma byambaye ubusa. Kurinda zinc kurinda bitera amakimbirane ataziguye. Uzahura nibibazo bijyanye na arc ituze, isuku ya pisine, nubuzima bwabakozi. Ntushobora gukubita arc hejuru yigitambaro hanyuma utegereze isuku, ikomeye idafite ingaruka zikomeye.
Aka gatabo gatanga ibimenyetso bifatika kubashakashatsi, abashinzwe guhimba, hamwe nitsinda ryamasoko. Tuzasuzuma ibyateganijwe byateganijwe, guhitamo inzira nziza, hamwe nuburyo bukomeye bwo kubahiriza nka OSHA na AWS. Uzamenya uburyo bwo gukomeza ubusugire bwimiterere no kurinda abakozi bawe neza.
Ibyingenzi
Birashoboka cyane gusudira ibyuma bya galvanis, hashyizweho uburyo bwateguwe mbere yo gusudira hamwe no gusana nyuma yo gusudira (ASTM A780).
Zinc ihumeka kuri ~ 420 ° C, biganisha kuri pisine yanduye, kwandura, hamwe n’ingaruka zikomeye z’ubuzima (Metal Fume Fever) iyo idacunzwe neza na PPE ikwiye no guhumeka.
Ibibazo byo gutoranya inzira: Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) hamwe na Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW / Stick) bifata trinc zinc nziza kurusha Gaz Metal Arc Welding (MIG), mugihe Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (TIG) igomba kwirindwa cyane kubera sensibilité ikabije kuri zinc.
Inyangamugayo zubatswe ziragumaho: Dukurikije ubushakashatsi bwa ILZRO, gusudira neza neza ku byuma bya galvanis bihuye no gukomera kuvunika nimbaraga zumunaniro zifatanije nicyuma.
Fizika yo gusudira Icyuma cya Galvanised: Ingaruka zubaka
Kugirango wumve impamvu ibikoresho bya galvanised bitwara nabi munsi ya arc, ugomba kureba kuri thermodynamic. Ikibazo nyamukuru kiri muburyo butandukanye bwo gutandukanya ubushyuhe hagati yikingira ikingira nicyuma fatizo.
Zinc ishonga hafi 420 ° C (788 ° F). Ihumeka rwose hafi 906 ° C (1663 ° F). Ibyuma bya karubone bisaba ubushyuhe bwo hejuru gushonga, mubisanzwe hagati ya 1370 ° C na 1500 ° C (2500 ° F kugeza 2732 ° F). Iyo ukoresheje arc yo gusudira, urwego rwa zinc ruhinduka gaze ihindagurika mbere yuko ibyuma byimbere bitangira no gutemba.
Ibikoresho |
Ingingo yo gushonga |
Ingingo yo guhumeka |
Imyitwarire munsi ya Arc |
Ibyuma bya Carbone |
~ 1370 ° C - 1500 ° C. |
~ 3000 ° C. |
Ikora ikidendezi gihamye |
Zinc |
~ 420 ° C. |
~ 906 ° C. |
Umwuka uturika |
Niba idashizwemo, zinc zumuyaga ziba umutego imbere muri pisine ikomeye. Ibibyimba bya gaze birwanira guhunga ibyuma byamazi byamazi mbere yuko bikonja. Uku kwinjirira gutera ubwoba bukabije imbere. Uzabona kandi ibice biremereye hamwe no kubura guhuza hamwe n'amano.
Kuzenguruka hejuru yigitambaro bikomeza kuba inshingano zikomeye zubatswe. Ugomba gufata urwego rwa zinc nkumwanda uteje akaga muri zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe (HAZ). Ikigeragezo icyo ari cyo cyose cyo gutwika mu mwenda utabanje kwitegura bizahungabanya imbaraga zihuriweho kandi bitere spatter ikabije, idateganijwe.
Ibyago byubuzima no kubahiriza ibidukikije (OSHA & AWS Ibipimo)
Kurenga inenge zubatswe, guhumeka zinc byerekana ingaruka mbi yibinyabuzima. Iyo arc ikubise igifuniko, itanga umwotsi mwinshi wa zinc oxyde. Guhumeka ibyo byuka byuburozi biganisha kumiterere izwi nka Metal Fume Fever.
Fume Fume Fever itera ibimenyetso bikaze, bisa nibicurane. Abakozi bakunze kuvuga ubukonje bukabije, umuriro mwinshi, isesemi, umunaniro, hamwe nuburyohe butandukanye mu kanwa. Ibi bimenyetso mubisanzwe byibasira amasaha menshi nyuma yo kwimuka kurangiye. Barashobora kudashobora rwose gukora ibikorwa.
Inganda zifite imigani myinshi iteje akaga yerekeye uburozi bwa zinc. Tugomba gusobanura ibinyabuzima nyabyo kugirango turinde abakozi neza.
Ubwa mbere, zinc irashobora gushonga amazi. Umubiri wumuntu uhinduranya kandi ugasohoka mugihe runaka. Bitandukanye na sisitemu ya chromium cyangwa hexavalent, guhumeka okiside ya zinc ntabwo bivamo kwirundanya ibyuma birebire. Indwara ikomeje gucika intege cyane mumasaha 24 kugeza 48, ariko gake itera kwangirika kwa sisitemu.
Icya kabiri, kunywa amata bitanga uburinzi bwa zeru guhumeka umwuka wa zinc. Ibi bikomeza nkumugani wagutse cyane. Amata ajya mu gifu. Umwotsi ujya mu bihaha. Kwishingikiriza kumata nkuburyo bwo kwirwanaho bishyira ababikora mukaga.
Gukurikiza byimazeyo amabwiriza ya OSHA hamwe na ANSI / ASC Z-49.1 byerekana umutekano muke. Ugomba gushyira mubikorwa ubugenzuzi nibikoresho bikwiye byo kurinda umuntu.
Gukuramo Inkomoko: Kohereza umuyaga uhumeka neza muri zone weld. Gukuramo umwotsi bigomba gukuramo umwotsi kure yumwanya uhumeka.
Kurinda Ubuhumekero: Abakora bagomba kwambara igice cya mask yubuhumekero yashyizwemo na P100 HEPA.
Sisitemu igezweho: Kubibanza bifunze cyangwa kubyara umusaruro uhoraho, tegeka gukoresha imbaraga zoguhumeka neza (PAPR) zinjijwe mu ngofero zo gusudira.
Ventilation Rusange: Menya neza ko guhanahana ibicuruzwa bidukikije byujuje ubuziranenge bw’ibidukikije.
Gutegura mbere yo gusudira: Itegeko '1-4 Inch '
Gutegura isura byerekana intsinzi yanyuma yibihuriweho. Sosiyete y'Abanyamerika yo gusudira igaragaza amabwiriza akomeye muri AWS D-19.0 yo gutegura ibyuma bisize. Igipimo cyemewe gisaba abashoramari kuvanaho zinc kuri santimetero 1 kugeza kuri 4 (byibuze 10-25mm) kumpande zombi zagenewe gusudira.
Ufite uburyo bubiri bwibanze bwo gukuraho igifuniko. Buri buryo butwara inyungu nimbibi.
Gukuraho imashini (Bikunzwe): Koresha disiki ikomeye yo gusya cyangwa uruziga rukabije. Gusya ingingo hasi kugeza kumashanyarazi, yambaye ubusa. Ubu buryo burihuta kandi bukora neza. Ariko, wemere ingaruka zishyirwa mubikorwa. Ndetse no gusya cyane akenshi bisiga microscopique trace zinc yashyizwe mubyuma.
Gukuraho imiti: Koresha imiti ya chimique nka acide muriatic ihujwe na vinegere yera. Ibi bikuraho zinc kure neza udakuyeho ibyuma fatizo. Ugomba kwitoza kutabogama nyuma. Kunanirwa kwoza no gutesha aside aside ihita itera flash yihuta ku byuma byagaragaye.
Igipimo giteganya ingamba zawe zo kwitegura. Gukemura nini-nini ikomeza kwiruka kuva a icyuma cya galvanised coil akenshi gisaba gukanika imashini zikoresha cyangwa gushyushya induction mbere yo gusudira. Ibinyuranye, ibihimbano byabigenewe kuri kimwe urupapuro rwicyuma rusanzwe rukora flap-disiki yo gusya cyane kandi ihitamo neza.
Isuzuma ryibikorwa byo gusudira kubikoresho bya Galvanised
Kuraho igifuniko neza ntibishobora kugerwaho mubihe byumurima. Microscopique trace zinc isanzwe igumaho. Kubwibyo, ugomba guhitamo uburyo bwo gusudira bushobora kwihanganira umwanda muto.
Uburyo bwo gusudira |
Kurikirana kwihanganira Zinc |
Basabwa Ibikoreshwa |
Gusaba |
FCAW (Flux-Cored) |
Hejuru |
Inkingi ebyiri-yikingira |
Imirimo iremereye, imirimo yo hanze |
SMAW (Inkoni) |
Hejuru |
E7018 electrode nkeya |
Kubungabunga, ibice byimbitse |
GMAW (MIG) |
Guciriritse |
ER70S-6 insinga ikomeye |
Umusaruro wihuse, impapuro zoroshye |
GTAW (TIG) |
Zeru |
N / A. |
Gucika intege cyane |
FCAW (Flux-Cored) & SMAW (Inkoni): Izi nzira zigaragaza kwihanganira cyane kuri zinc. Ibikoresho bya flux byubatswe muri electrode bihinduka vuba muri pisine yashongeshejwe. Basunika cyane icyuzi, bakuramo umwanda hamwe na gaze zafashwe mukibabi. Kubikorwa bya SMAW, injeniyeri barasaba cyane E7018 electrode nkeya. Zibyara gusudira gukomeye, guhindagurika nubwo hasigaye ibisigazwa bito bito.
GMAW (MIG): wire ikomeye MIG itanga umuvuduko mwiza wo gukora. Ikora cyane cyane kuri thin guteranya ibyuma . Ariko, MIG ibura ibikoresho bikora neza. Birasaba kugenzura neza. Ugomba gukoresha ubushyuhe buke bwo kwinjiza nka short-circuit cyangwa pulsed-spray transfert. Buri gihe ukoreshe umugozi wa ER70S-6. Wongeyeho silikoni na manganese muri ER70S-6 bikora nka deoxidizers, bifasha kuringaniza isaro no kurwanya ububobere bwimbere.
GTAW (TIG) - Agace ko guhezwa: Uburambe mu murima bwerekana ko TIG ikora nk'inzozi mbi kuri ibi bikoresho. Electrode idakoreshwa-tungsten isaba ubuziranenge bwuzuye. Ihinduka ako kanya na trinc zinc zose zabuze mugihe cyo kwitegura. Arc izacira amacandwe, izerera, amaherezo izimye. Kuramo TIG mubikorwa byawe rwose keretse niba ukora kumashanyarazi 100% yagenzuwe.
Guhuriza hamwe ubuziranenge hamwe no gusana nyuma ya Weld
Abahimbyi benshi bahangayikishijwe nigihe kirekire cyo kwizerwa kwi nteko. Barabaza niba ibintu bifatika bitesha agaciro mugihe cyizuba.
Umuryango mpuzamahanga uyobora ubushakashatsi bwa Zinc (ILZRO) wakoze ibizamini byumubiri kuri izi ngingo. Ibikoresho bya mashini bigumaho rwose. Ibyatanzwe na ILZRO byerekana neza ko gusudira neza guhuza ingingo zigaragaza imbaraga zingana zingana, kugoreka radii, no gukora ingaruka ugereranije ninteko zidafite ibyuma.
Nyamara, micro-porosity ntoya ikomeza. Urashobora kwishyura umunaniro ukabije ukoresheje ingamba zubwubatsi. Ku ngingo zikorerwa umunaniro ukabije wumunaniro, injeniyeri bakunze kwerekana 'gusudira cyane. Uku kwaguka kumubiri kugabanya imitekerereze rusange. Irinda zinc penetrator intergranular gucika gukwirakwira mumuzi.
Hanyuma, gusya no gusudira bisenya inzitizi y'ibitambo. Ugomba gushyira mubikorwa kurinda ruswa nyuma yo gusudira kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwikirere. Vuga kubahiriza byimazeyo ASTM A780 yo kugarura urwego rukingira.
Kugaragaza ikoreshwa ryamabara akungahaye kuri zinc, bikunze kwitwa ubukonje bwa galvanizing spray. Koresha ibi cyane kuri HAZ hamwe nubutaka bwose. Menya neza ko umubyimba wa firime wumye uhuye nibice bishyushye. Kubanyamuryango benshi bagize imiterere, metallizing yumuriro (zinc spray) itanga urwego rwiza, urwego-ruganda. Gukurikira ASTM A780 iremeza ko urugingo rushya rusudutse rugera kubuzima bwubuzima hamwe nubushuhe bwambere bushyushye.
Umwanzuro
Gusudira ibyo bisiga birinda ni byiza rwose mubikorwa byinganda ninganda. Ugomba kubyegera nkibikorwa bigenzurwa cyane aho guhita-weld. Kureka intambwe yo kwitegura bibangamira kubaka ubunyangamugayo numutekano wabantu. Gufata umwanya wo kwambura ingingo byemeza ko byinjira cyane, arcs ihamye, hamwe nubukanishi bukomeye.
Kugirango utezimbere ibihimbano byawe, fata izi ntambwe zikurikira:
Kugenzura ibikorwa remezo byawe byo gukuramo umwotsi kugirango ubone umuvuduko uhagije wo gufata.
Kuvugurura WPS yawe (Welding Procedure Specifications) kugirango ugaragaze neza intera iri hagati ya santimetero 1 na 4.
Shyira mugaciro ibikoresho byawe nyuma yo gusudira kugirango uhuze neza na ASTM A780 yumye ya firime yumye.
Inzibacyuho yoroheje yimikorere kure ya TIG hanyuma ushyire mubikorwa bibiri-bikingira FCAW cyangwa pulsed MIG kugirango bihangane neza.
Ibibazo
Ikibazo: Ese gusudira ibyuma bya galvaniside bigabanya icyuma?
Igisubizo: Oya. Iyo byateguwe neza, imbaraga zingutu hamwe no gukomera kuvunika bikomeza kuba kimwe nicyuma kidafunze. Kuraho ibice bya zinc mbere yo gukubita arc bituma byinjira neza kandi bikarinda inenge zikomeye zubatswe.
Ikibazo: Nshobora kunywa amata kugirango nirinde umuriro wibyuma?
Igisubizo: Oya rwose. Amata ntabwo arinda ubuhumekero. Ijya mu nzira yigifu, itanga zeru zeru kubihaha byawe. Gusa kuvoma isoko hamwe na PPE ikwiye (nka P100 yubuhumekero) birinda ingaruka ziterwa na okiside ya zinc.
Ikibazo: Nshobora gukoresha TIG gusudira ibyuma?
Igisubizo: Biracitse intege cyane. TIG isaba ubuso budasanzwe. Ndetse ibisigazwa bya microscopique zinc bisigaye nyuma yo gusya cyane bizanduza cyane electrode ya tungsten, bigatuma arc izerera, amacandwe, amaherezo birananirana.
Ikibazo: Nkeneye gusubira inyuma kugeza ubu gusya galvanizing mbere yo gusudira?
Igisubizo: Ibipimo byinganda (nka AWS D-19.0) bitegeka gukuraho santimetero 1 kugeza kuri 4 kuva muri weld. Iyi buffer ikomeye irinda ubushyuhe bwibidukikije guhumeka zinc ikikije no kuyikurura muri pisine yashonze.
