IiMarike ezisakhulayo ziXhasa ukuSetyenziswa kweNsimbi: eIndiya, e-ASEAN naseAfrika

• Abantu abaninzi eIndiya nakumazantsi mpuma Asia bafuna iimveliso zentsimbi.

• I-China isebenzisa intsimbi encinci ngonyaka.

• Inxalenye yemarike yaseIndiya inokuba nkulu ngokuphindwe kathathu ngo-2050.
  Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi kwezi ndawo kuya kunceda ukugqiba ukuba ishishini kunye nokukhula kujongeka njani kwixesha elizayo.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi kukhula ngokukhawuleza eIndiya nase-ASEAN. Oku kungenxa yokuba abantu abaninzi bafudukela ezixekweni yaye kwakhiwa izakhiwo ezitsha. Imfuno yaseIndiya yentsimbi iya kunyuka nge-9% ngonyaka. Oku kubonisa ukuba iIndiya ibaluleke kakhulu kwimarike yentsimbi yehlabathi. Amazwe ase-ASEAN enza intsimbi engakumbi ngoku. IVietnam kunye ne-Indonesia ngawona mazwe aphezulu kweli qela. Imarike yentsimbi yaseAfrika nayo iya isiba nkulu. Kodwa kukho iingxaki ezinjengoorhulumente abangazinzanga kunye nengxaki yokuhambisa izixhobo. Ezi ngxaki kufuneka zilungiswe. Ukusebenzisa iteknoloji yentsimbi eluhlaza kubaluleke kakhulu. Inceda ishishini ukukhusela okusingqongileyo kwaye likhule ngendlela elungileyo.

Iindlela zokuSetyenziswa kweeNsimbi zehlabathi

IiMfuno eziKhokeleyo kwiiMarike ezisakhulayo

Kukho utshintsho olukhulu olwenzekayo kushishino lwentsimbi. Amazwe afana neIndiya, iSaudi Arabia, iYiputa, neVietnam abaluleke kakhulu ngoku. Bafuna intsimbi eninzi yezakhiwo ezitsha, iindlela nemizi-mveliso. Oku kuthetha ukuba basebenzisa intsimbi eninzi kwiiprojekthi zabo.

• Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi yaseIndiya kulindeleke ukuba kunyuke nge-9% ukusuka ngo-2025 ukuya ku-2026.

• IVietnam ikhula ngokukhawuleza ekusetyenzisweni kwentsimbi eMzantsi-mpuma Asia.

• I-Egypt kunye neSaudi Arabia nazo zisebenzisa intsimbi engaphezulu ngonyaka.

• I-Indiya iya kusebenzisa i-75 yezigidi zeetoni zentsimbi ngaphezulu kwe-2020.

Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi kwezi ndawo kukhula ngokukhawuleza kuneemarike ezindala. Oorhulumente bachitha imali kwiindlela nezakhiwo ezintsha. Oku kunceda ishishini lentsimbi libe likhulu. Ummandla we-ASEAN, kuquka neVietnam, yinxalenye enkulu yolu tshintsho.

Iipateni zoShifting kuShishino lweNsimbi

Ishishini lentsimbi liyatshintsha kwiindawo ezininzi. Kwakhiwa izityalo ezitsha zentsimbi eAsia, kuMbindi Mpuma naseAfrika. Ezi zityalo zitsha zenza intsimbi eninzi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esiphezulu. Ngelo xesha, ishishini lentsimbi e-US naseYurophu liya lincinci.

Nantsi itafile ebonisa indlela ishishini lentsimbi elitshintsha ngayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo:

IAsia kunye noMbindi Mpuma ngoku zikhokela ishishini lentsimbi. Ezi ndawo zikhula ngenxa yokuba abantu batyala imali kwaye bafuna intsimbi engakumbi. Imboni yentsimbi e-US naseYurophu iyancipha njengoko isebenzisa intsimbi encinci. Olu tshintsho lunika amathuba amatsha okukhula kwezinye iindawo.

India Steel Ukusetyenziswa

Ukukhula kweMarike kunye neeNkcukacha-manani

Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi eIndiya kukhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngo-Okthobha ka-2025, i-Indiya yasebenzisa i-13.6 yezigidi zeetoni zentsimbi. Oku kungaphezulu kwe-4.7% kunonyaka ophelileyo. Ukususela ngo-Epreli ukuya ku-Oktobha 2025, abantu basebenzisa i-96.44 yezigidi zeetoni zentsimbi. Oku kunyuka nge-12.53% kunonyaka ongaphambili. La manani abonisa ukuba ishishini lentsimbi liya likhula ngokukhawuleza.

• Ngo-Oktobha 2025, ukusetyenziswa kwensimbi kwakuyi-13.6 yezigidi zeetoni, ukuya kwi-4.7%.

• Ukususela ngo-Epreli ukuya ku-Oktobha 2025, ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi kwakuyi-96.44 yezigidi zeetoni, ukuya kwi-12.53%.

Iingcali zicinga ukuba oku kukhula kuya kuqhubeka. Bathi imfuno yentsimbi iya kunyuka malunga ne-9% ngonyaka ngamnye ngo-2025 kunye no-2026. Ngo-2026, i-Indiya inokusebenzisa i-75 yezigidi zeetoni ze-metric ngaphezu kwe-2020.

Abaqhubi abaphambili: Iziseko zophuhliso, ukwakhiwa kweeDolophu, uMgaqo-nkqubo

Ukwakha iindlela ezintsha, iibhulorho, kunye nezixeko kunceda ushishino lwentsimbi lukhule. Urhulumente wenze iNational Steel Policy 2017 ukunceda ishishini. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo unika imigaqo yokwenza isinyithi esilungileyo kwizinto ezininzi.

• UMgaqo-nkqubo weSizwe weNsimbi wowama-2017 ubonisa isicwangciso sexesha elizayo.

• Urhulumente uchitha imali ezindleleni, kumandla ombane nakwiiprojekthi zedolophu.

• Iinkqubo ezifana 'Yenza eIndiya' kunye neeprojekthi ezinkulu ezifana neBharatmala kunye neSagarmala zidinga intsimbi eninzi.

Ezi zenzo zinceda ishishini lentsimbi kunye noqoqosho. Xa ubona izakhiwo ezitsha kunye neendlela ezingcono, kungenxa yezi zicwangciso.

Isakhono seMveliso kunye nokuThunyelelwa kwamanye amazwe ngokwahlukeneyo

Iifektri zentsimbi eIndiya ziya ziba nkulu. Iinkampani ezifana ne-JSW Steel, i-Tata Steel, kunye ne-AM / NS India zenza intsimbi engaphezulu.

I-Indiya ngoku ithumela intsimbi engakumbi kuMbindi Mpuma naseAsia. Ezi ndawo zidinga intsimbi yezakhiwo ezitsha kunye neendlela. Oku kunceda iIndiya ifumane abathengi abatsha kwaye yehlise umngcipheko.

Imiceli mngeni: uRhwebo, okusiNgqongileyo, uThungelwano loBonelelo

Ishishini lentsimbi eIndiya lineengxaki ezithile. Oku kubandakanya urhwebo, imo engqongileyo, kunye nemiba yekhonkco lonikezelo.

1. I-Indiya ifumana malunga ne-60% yamalahle ayo okuphekela e-Australia.

2. Akukho malahle okuphekela aneleyo kuzo zonke iifektri zentsimbi.

3. Iingxaki eOstreliya zinokwenza kube nzima ukufumana amalahle kamva.

Kukho nezinye iingxaki:

• Iifektri zentsimbi zikhula ngokukhawuleza kunentsimbi ekrwada kunye nokuhanjiswa kwezinto ezilahliweyo.

• Ukuveliswa kwentsimbi akwanelanga, ngoko umgangatho wehla kwaye amaxabiso ayenyuka.

• I-Indiya ithenga izinto ezilahliweyo ezininzi, nto leyo eyenza amaxabiso atshintshe kakhulu.

Ezi ngxaki zinokucotha ishishini lentsimbi ukuba azilungiswanga.

Imbonakalo yokuSetyenziswa kwentsimbi eIndiya

Ikamva lijongeka lilungile kwintsimbi eIndiya. Imarike kufuneka ikhule malunga ne-3.94% ngonyaka ukusuka ku-2025 ukuya ku-2035. Oku kungenxa yeeprojekthi zokwakha ezininzi, abantu abaninzi abafudukela ezidolophini, kunye nemizi-mveliso emitsha.

• Ngo-2023, urhulumente wabekela bucala malunga ne-18 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zokwakha izinto. Oku kuya kufuna intsimbi eninzi.

• Iskimu se-PLI, esiqala kwi-2024, siya kunceda ukwenza intsimbi eninzi kunye neengcamango ezintsha.

• Ishishini lentsimbi liya kuhlala likhula njengoko iteknoloji iya iphucuka kwaye abantu abaninzi basebenzisa intsimbi.

I-Indiya iya kubaluleka ngakumbi kwimarike yentsimbi yehlabathi. Ukugxila kwelizwe kwiimbono ezintsha kunye nokukhathalela okusingqongileyo kuya kubumba indlela intsimbi esetyenziswa ngayo kwixesha elizayo.

Ishishini leNsimbi le-ASEAN

Ukusetyenziswa kunye neNtengiso yeMarike

Ummandla we-ASEAN ngoku ubaluleke kakhulu kwishishini lensimbi. Amazwe e-ASEAN-6 anesine kwihlabathi lokusebenzisa intsimbi. I-Indonesia isebenzisa eyona ntsimbi kweli qela.

Le theyibhile ibonisa indawo eyomeleleyo yase-Indonesia kwintsimbi. Xa zizonke, i-ASEAN-6 isebenzisa iitoni ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-75 zentsimbi.

Abaqhubi: Ushishino, uKwakha, ukuHlanganisa

Izinto ezininzi zinceda imboni yentsimbi ikhule kumazwe ase-ASEAN.

• I-ASEAN-6 iqhubeka nokwenza intsimbi eninzi ukunceda ukwakha izinto ezintsha.

• Abantu abaninzi kunye nezixeko ezikhulu kuthetha ukuba kufuneka intsimbi eninzi.

• Ukusebenza kunye kummandla kwenza ukurhweba ngentsimbi kube lula.

Ezi zinto zinceda ishishini lentsimbi linike intsimbi kwizixeko ezitsha, imizi-mveliso kunye neendlela.

Imveliso, ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe, kunye neNzuzo enexabiso eliphantsi

Imboni yensimbi kwi-ASEAN inamanqaku amahle kunye neengxenye ezinzima.

• IVietnam yenza i-22 yezigidi zeetoni zentsimbi ekrwada kunye ne-30 yezigidi zeetoni zentsimbi egqityiweyo ngo-2024. Le yi-7% ngaphezu konyaka odlulileyo.

• I-Thailand ihlawula ngakumbi ukwenza intsimbi kuneVietnam kunye ne-Indonesia. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuba iThailand ikhule, ke yenza iimveliso zentsimbi ezikhethekileyo.

• I-Indonesia inemizi-mveliso emidala kwaye kubiza imali eninzi ukuzenza zibe ntsha. Oku kwenza kube nzima kwi-Indonesia ukugcina iVietnam.

• EVietnam, izinto zokwakha zisebenzisa ngaphezu kwe-93% yentsimbi. Iindlela ezintsha kunye nezakhiwo zenza abantu bafune intsimbi engakumbi kulo mmandla.

Amanye amazwe anokwenza intsimbi ngemali encinci, kodwa amanye kufuneka ahlaziye iifektri zawo ukuze ahlale omelele.

Imingeni: Ulawulo, uLwahlulo, uLungiselelo

Imboni yentsimbi e-ASEAN ineengxaki ezithile.

• Ilizwe ngalinye linemithetho eyahlukileyo, ngoko kunzima ukusebenzisana.

• Zininzi iinkampani ezincinci kushishino.

• Ukuhamba kwentsimbi kunye nezinto eziphathekayo kunokucotha ngenxa yeengxaki zokuthutha.

Ezi ngxaki zingenza kube nzima ukuba ishishini likhule kwaye lihlangabezane nazo zonke iimfuno.

Imbonakalo yokuSetyenziswa kweNsimbi kwi-ASEAN

Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi kwi-ASEAN kufuneka kuqhubeke ukukhula. Abantu abaninzi abahlala ezixekweni kunye nezicwangciso ezintsha baya kufuna intsimbi eninzi. Ukwakha izinto kunye nokwenza iimoto kunye ne-elektroniki kuya kunceda ishishini. Kodwa, amaxabiso ezinto kunye nokhuphiswano olunzima lunokuba yingxaki. Ishishini lentsimbi kufuneka litshintshe ukuze libe likhulu.

Umbono wokuSetyenziswa kweNsimbi eAfrika

UHlumo oluNgamandla kunye neeNguqulelo zeMarike

I-Afrika ibalulekile kushishino lwentsimbi. Imarike iya ikhula njengoko amazwe amaninzi esakha izinto. IMarike yeeMveliso zeNsimbi yaseMzantsi Afrika iza kukhula ukusuka kwi-USD 1.18 yetriliyoni ngowama-2025 ukuya kwi-USD 1.62 yetriliyoni ngowama-2031. Oku kuthetha ukuba iza kukhula nge-5.4% ngonyaka. IMarike yentsimbi ye-MEA ngoku ixabisa i-13 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Ukusetyenziswa kwensimbi e-Afrika kuya kuhlala kunyuka, kunye nesantya sokukhula kwe-0.8% ukusuka kwi-2024 ukuya ku-2035. Ngo-2035, imarike iya kufikelela kwi-26 yezigidi zeetoni kunye ne-17.7 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. I-Egypt yenza kwaye isebenzisa eyona ntsimbi igqityiweyo, phantse isiqingatha semarike. IAlgeria nayo ikhula ngokukhawuleza ekusebenziseni nasekuthengiseni intsimbi.

• Izakhiwo ezingakumbi zakhiwa kulo lonke elaseAfrika.

• Oorhulumente bachitha imali kwiiprojekthi zikawonke-wonke kunye nezabucala.

• Izakhiwo ezitsha zisebenzisa intsimbi yendawo eninzi.

• Imarike yentsimbi eluhlaza ikhula ngenxa yeeprojekthi zamandla acocekileyo.

Abaqhubi: Iziseko zophuhliso, ukwakhiwa kweeDolophu, iZibonelelo

Intsimbi iyafuneka kwiindlela, iibhulorho nemizi-mveliso. Yomelele kwaye iyakwazi ukumelana nemozulu yaseAfrika. Intsimbi inokuphinda isetyenziswe, ngoko ke amazwe akufuneki ukuba angenise kakhulu. Imali echithwe kwintsimbi inceda ukwakha amazibuko amatsha kunye neendawo zefektri. Ezi projekthi zinika abantu imisebenzi kwaye zidibanisa izixeko neelali. Baninzi abantu abafudukela ezixekweni, ngoko kufuneka amakhaya neefektri ezingakumbi. Intsimbi inceda yonke indawo yokwakha ishishini.

Isakhono seMveliso kunye neeNdlela zoTyalo-mali

Utyalo-mali olutsha lwenza ushishino lwentsimbi lomelele. Nantsi itheyibhile eneeprojekthi ezintsha:

Ezi projekthi zibonisa ukuba ishishini lentsimbi liya likhula kwaye libe ngcono.

Imingeni: Ezopolitiko, iTyathanga loNikezelo, iMali

Kukho iingxaki zentsimbi eAfrika. Utshintsho kurhulumente lunokuthoba isantya sokwakha. Ngamanye amaxesha kuba nzima ukufumana izinto ezifunekayo. Iinkampani ezininzi zinengxaki yokufumana imali. Ezi ngxaki zinokwenza ukuba kuthathe ixesha elide ukwakha iifektri ezintsha kunye nokusebenzisa intsimbi eninzi.

Imboniselo yexesha elide yoShishino lweNsimbi eAfrika

Ikamva lentsimbi eAfrika likhangeleka lilungile. Imarike kufuneka ikhule nge-3.10% ngonyaka ngamnye ukusuka kwi-2025 ukuya ku-2034. Ngo-2034, i-Afrika iya kwenza malunga ne-53.59 yezigidi zeetoni zensimbi. Ukwakha izinto kuya kuhlala kwenza abantu bafune ngakumbi intsimbi. Intsimbi eninzi eyenziwe e-Afrika kunye neentlobo ezintsha zentsimbi ziya kunceda imboni. Kuya kubakho imisebenzi emininzi kunye neendlela kunye nezakhiwo ezingcono njengoko ishishini likhula. Ikamva lentsimbi ye-Afrika libonakala lomelele kwaye lizele yisithembiso.

Uhlalutyo lokuthelekisa kunye neempembelelo zehlabathi

Ukukhula koMmandla kunye nobungakanani beMarike

I-Indiya, i-ASEAN, kunye ne-Afrika yenza utshintsho olukhulu kwishishini lentsimbi. Indawo nganye ikhula ngesantya kunye nobukhulu bayo. I-Indiya ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye inemarike enkulu. Amazwe ase-ASEAN, njengeVietnam kunye ne-Indonesia, afuna intsimbi eninzi kwaye atshintshe ngokukhawuleza. IAfrika incinci kodwa iyakhula njengoko amazwe amaninzi esakha izinto ezintsha.

I-Indiya kunye ne-ASEAN zineemarike ezinkulu kwaye zikhula ngokukhawuleza kune-Afrika. Imarike yaseAfrika ayinkulu kangako, kodwa isenokukhula ngakumbi. Zontathu ezi ndawo zifuna intsimbi engakumbi yezakhiwo, iindlela nemizi-mveliso. Le mfuno entsha itshintsha indlela ishishini lentsimbi eliza kujonga ngayo kwixesha elizayo.

Kwabelwana ngemingeni kuShishino lweNsimbi

Yonke le mimandla ijongene neengxaki ezininzi ezifanayo. Ezi ngxaki zicothisa ukukhula kwaye zenza kube nzima ukufikelela usukelo.

• Kunzima ukufumana imathiriyeli ekrwada ngenxa yemicimbi yekhonkco lonikezelo.

• Iinguqu kwezopolitiko zinokumisa okanye zithobe iiprojekthi ezinkulu zokwakha.

• Iinkampani ezininzi azinamali yaneleyo yokwakha imizi-mveliso emitsha.

• Imithetho eyahlukeneyo kwilizwe ngalinye yenza ukuba urhwebo lwentsimbi lube nzima.

• Ishishini lentsimbi kufuneka lisebenze kwi-decarbonization ukuhlangabezana ne-net-zero targets.

Ishishini lentsimbi kufuneka lilungise ezi ngxaki ukuze liqhubeke likhula. Izithuthi ezingcono, imithetho ecacileyo, nemali eninzi iyafuneka. Ukusebenzisa i-iron eluhlaza kunye ne-low-carbon technology inceda ukukhusela indalo. I-Arhente yezaMandla yaMazwe ngaMazwe ithi ukukhutshwa kufuneka kwehle nge-25% kwiminyaka emithandathu. Oku kuthetha ukuba izinto ezikhutshwayo kufuneka zehle ngaphezu kwe-4% minyaka le. Ishishini lentsimbi alikahlangani nale njongo okwangoku, ngoko ke utshintsho kufuneka lwenzeke kungekudala.

Impembelelo kuSetyenziso lweNtsimbi yeHlabathi kunye noBuchule

Iinkampani zentsimbi kwihlabathi jikelele zitshintsha izicwangciso zazo. Bafuna ukuhlangabezana nemfuno entsha evela eIndiya, e-ASEAN nase-Afrika. Iinkampani zakha iifektri ezintsha kwaye zenza ezindala zibe ngcono. Bachitha imali kwintsimbi eluhlaza kunye nentsimbi ecocekileyo ukulandela imithetho emitsha. Kukho ugxininiso olungakumbi kwiindlela ze-decarbonization kunye ne-decarbonization technologies.

Ishishini lentsimbi ngoku lisebenzisa ngakumbi itekhnoloji yokonga amandla kunye nezinto eziphinda zisetyenziswe. Iinkampani zizama ukubamba i-carbon kunye nokugcinwa ukuze zinciphise ukukhutshwa. Bakwajonge imithombo emitsha yamandla. La manyathelo anceda ukuya kwi-decarbonization kunye nentsimbi eluhlaza.

Qaphela: Iindlela zentsimbi eluhlaza kunye ne-decarbonization ziyafuneka ukufikelela kwi-net-zero targets. Ishishini lentsimbi kufuneka litshintshe ngokukhawuleza ukunceda ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zeSivumelwano saseParis sika-1.5°C.

Intsimbi eluhlaza ngoku ibaluleke kakhulu kwishishini. Iinkampani kufuneka zisebenzise intsimbi eluhlaza ukuze zihlale zomelele kwimarike. Kwakhona kufuneka balandele imithetho emitsha kwaye basebenzise iindlela zokukhupha ikhabhoni. Ukwenza oku kunceda umhlaba ukuba ufikelele usukelo lwe-net-zero kwaye wakhe ikamva elingcono.

I-Indiya, i-ASEAN, kunye ne-Afrika zitshintsha ishishini lentsimbi. Ummandla ngamnye unendima ekhethekileyo kolu tshintsho.

• Ishishini lentsimbi lijongene neengxaki ezintsha ezifana nomngcipheko wetyala kunye nokufuna iteknoloji eluhlaza.

• Abatyalomali kufuneka banikele ingqalelo kwiinguqu zemarike kunye nemithetho emitsha.

• Ushishino lwentsimbi luya kunceda ezinye iindawo ezifana ne-electronics kunye namandla aluhlaza ukukhula.

Kuya kufuneka ucinge malunga nokuba olu tshintsho lunokuchaphazela njani ishishini lakho kunye nezicwangciso zexesha elizayo.

FAQ

Yintoni eyenza intsimbi ibaluleke kwiimarike ezivelayo?

Udinga intsimbi ukuze wakhe iindlela, iibhulorho kunye neefektri. Intsimbi inceda ilizwe lakho likhule. Ixhasa imisebenzi kunye namashishini amatsha. Xa ubona izakhiwo ezitsha, ubona amandla entsimbi.

Kutheni i-Indiya, i-ASEAN, kunye ne-Afrika zisebenzisa intsimbi eninzi ngoku?

Ubona abantu abaninzi befudukela ezixekweni. Oorhulumente bachitha imali kwiiprojekthi ezintsha. Iifektri kunye namakhaya afuna intsimbi. Olu tshintsho lwandisa imfuno yentsimbi minyaka le.

Yeyiphi imingeni le mimandla ijongene nayo kwimveliso yentsimbi?

Ujongene neengxaki ezifana nokungonelanga kwemathiriyeli ekrwada, ukutshintsha imithetho, kunye neendleko eziphezulu. Iinkampani nazo kufuneka zisebenzise ubuchwepheshe obucocekile ukukhusela okusingqongileyo.

Isebenza njani intsimbi eluhlaza kwindalo esingqongileyo?

Intsimbi eluhlaza isebenzisa amandla amancinci kwaye idala ukukhutshwa okuncinci. Unceda ukulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu xa ukhetha intsimbi eluhlaza. Iinkampani zisebenzisa itekhnoloji entsha ukwenza isicoci sentsimbi.